NATS 1670 FINAL EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What was the life expectancy in the early 1900's? - ANS Under the age of 50, with a 25%
child mortality rate.
When was the first vaccine created? - ANS 1880
____________ _____________ can reduce life expectancy dramatically, due to the lack of
__________________. - ANS INFECTIOUS DISEASES can reduce life expectancy dramatically,
due to the lack of CONTROL.
Upon early discover, microbes were viewed as? - ANS Enemies, until used in medicine.
What are the beneficial roles of microbes? - ANS - waste breakdown/food production
- provides protection against more virulent microbe
- drug preparation (penicillin, insulin)
- making vitamins
- digestion
What does mutual life mean, when in context with microbes? - ANS Microbes keep us alive
and we keep them alive.
What is a chronic disease? - ANS a disease that does NOT kill its host quickly
1 @COPYRIGHT THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
,What is an acute disease? - ANS A disease that DOES cause death quickly.
What does the natural evolution of a microbe operate on? - ANS The natural evolution of a
microbe operates on its spreading capacity. NOT the ability to cause disease
What does microbial natural selection favour? - ANS Microbial natural selection favours less
or non-violent microbes.
Which kind of microbes can live in a host WITHOUT causing damage? - ANS Microbes that
are well-adapted to its host
What epidemics were caused by microbes? - ANS - Small Pox
- Bubonic Plague
- Spanish Influenza
What were the three causes that moved society away from Infectious Diseases? - ANS -
Better Sanitation
- Vaccines
- Antibiotics
Why will society never be clear of infectious diseases? - ANS - development of drug resistant
strains
- outbreaks of existing diseases
- New disease causing agents
What does Dr. Margret Chan believe will happen in the future? - ANS -We risk entering a
post-antibiotic era
- this will cause an end to modern medicine
2 @COPYRIGHT THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
, What is Necrotizing Fasciitis - ANS Flesh eating Disease
Who is to blame for the development of Drug-resistant strains? - ANS - Farmers
- Health Workers
- Patients
- Hospitals
What is the man/wild life origin of these dieseases
1) AIDS
2) Saars
3) West Nile Virus (WNV)
4) Influenza
5) Monkey Pox - ANS Man Made Wild Life
1) Sexual Activity, Drug addiction, Chimpanzee (SIV)
Blood
2) Restaurants, Hotels, Hospitals Bats, Palm civet
3) Tires from Africa Wild Birds
4) Poultry Farms Wild Aquatic Birds
5) Pet Retailers and Stores Wild Rodents in Africa
What is Bioterrorism? - ANS The intentional release of bacteria or toxins for the purpose of
harming or killing
3 @COPYRIGHT THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What was the life expectancy in the early 1900's? - ANS Under the age of 50, with a 25%
child mortality rate.
When was the first vaccine created? - ANS 1880
____________ _____________ can reduce life expectancy dramatically, due to the lack of
__________________. - ANS INFECTIOUS DISEASES can reduce life expectancy dramatically,
due to the lack of CONTROL.
Upon early discover, microbes were viewed as? - ANS Enemies, until used in medicine.
What are the beneficial roles of microbes? - ANS - waste breakdown/food production
- provides protection against more virulent microbe
- drug preparation (penicillin, insulin)
- making vitamins
- digestion
What does mutual life mean, when in context with microbes? - ANS Microbes keep us alive
and we keep them alive.
What is a chronic disease? - ANS a disease that does NOT kill its host quickly
1 @COPYRIGHT THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
,What is an acute disease? - ANS A disease that DOES cause death quickly.
What does the natural evolution of a microbe operate on? - ANS The natural evolution of a
microbe operates on its spreading capacity. NOT the ability to cause disease
What does microbial natural selection favour? - ANS Microbial natural selection favours less
or non-violent microbes.
Which kind of microbes can live in a host WITHOUT causing damage? - ANS Microbes that
are well-adapted to its host
What epidemics were caused by microbes? - ANS - Small Pox
- Bubonic Plague
- Spanish Influenza
What were the three causes that moved society away from Infectious Diseases? - ANS -
Better Sanitation
- Vaccines
- Antibiotics
Why will society never be clear of infectious diseases? - ANS - development of drug resistant
strains
- outbreaks of existing diseases
- New disease causing agents
What does Dr. Margret Chan believe will happen in the future? - ANS -We risk entering a
post-antibiotic era
- this will cause an end to modern medicine
2 @COPYRIGHT THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
, What is Necrotizing Fasciitis - ANS Flesh eating Disease
Who is to blame for the development of Drug-resistant strains? - ANS - Farmers
- Health Workers
- Patients
- Hospitals
What is the man/wild life origin of these dieseases
1) AIDS
2) Saars
3) West Nile Virus (WNV)
4) Influenza
5) Monkey Pox - ANS Man Made Wild Life
1) Sexual Activity, Drug addiction, Chimpanzee (SIV)
Blood
2) Restaurants, Hotels, Hospitals Bats, Palm civet
3) Tires from Africa Wild Birds
4) Poultry Farms Wild Aquatic Birds
5) Pet Retailers and Stores Wild Rodents in Africa
What is Bioterrorism? - ANS The intentional release of bacteria or toxins for the purpose of
harming or killing
3 @COPYRIGHT THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
