|HESI Pediatrics Exam |2025-2026 most recent
version|Comprehensive questions and verified
answers/accurate solutions|Already graded A+|Get it 100%
correct.
The nurse is planning postoperative care for a child who has had a cleft lip repair. What is the most im
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
portant reason to minimize this child's crying during the recovery period?
B B B B B B B B B B
A. Tear formation increases salivation.
B B B B
B. This behavior increases respirations.
B B B B B
C. Excessive hysteria can lead to vomiting.
B B B B B B
D. Crying stresses the suture line - ANSWER-D. Crying stresses the suture line
B B B B B B B B B B B B
Rationale: B
Prevention of stress on the lip suture line is essential for optimum healing and the cosmetic appearan
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ce of a cleft lip repair.
B B B B B
An infant is receiving digoxin for congestive heart failure. The apical heart rate is assessed at 80 beats/
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
min. What intervention should the nurse implement?
B B B B B B
A. Call for a portable chest radiograph.
B B B B B B B
B. Obtain a therapeutic drug level.
B B B B B
C. Reassess the heart rate in 30 minutes.
B B B B B B B
D. Administer digoxin immune Fab stat. - ANSWER-B. Obtain a therapeutic drug level.
B B B B B B B B B B B B
Rationale: B
Sinus bradycardia (heart rate <90 to 110 beats/min in an infant) is an indication of digoxin toxicity, so a
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ssessment of the client's digoxin level has the highest priority
B B B B B B B B B
The nurse admits a child to the intensive care unit with a possible diagnosis of Wilms tumor -
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
What is the most safety precaution for child?
B B B B B B B B
A. maintain NPO status
B B B
B. Limit visitors to the immediate family
B B B B B B
C. Place a do not palpate abdomen sign on head of bed
B B B B B B B B B B B
D. Encourage ambulation in the pre-operative period - ANSWER-
B B B B B B B B
C. Place a do not palpate abdomen sign on head of bed
B B B B B B B B B B B
,Rationale: B
Protect child from injury; place a sign on bed stating "no abdominal palpation" (to prevent accidental f
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ragmentation and dislodging into the abdominal cavity).
B B B B B B
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for the mother of a child who has been diagnosed with celiac di
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
sease. Choosing which lunch will be within the therapeutic management of a child with celiac disease
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
?
A. Turkey salad, milk, and oatmeal cookies
B B B B B B
B. Baked chicken, coleslaw, soda, and frozen fruit dessert
B B B B B B B B
C. Tuna salad sandwich on whole wheat bread, milk, and ice cream
B B B B B B B B B B B
D. Turkey sandwich on rye bread, orange juice, and fresh fruit - ANSWER-
B B B B B B B B B B B B
B. Baked chicken, coleslaw, soda, and frozen fruit dessert
B B B B B B B B
Rationale: B
A child with celiac disease is managed on a gluten-
B B B B B B B B B
free diet, which eliminates food products containing oats, wheat, rye, or barley.
B B B B B B B B B B B
A 6-month-
B
old male infant is admitted to the postanesthesia care unit with elbow restraints in place. He has an en
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
dotracheal tube and is ventilator- B B B B
dependent but will be extubated soon following recovery from anesthesia. Which nursing interventio
B B B B B B B B B B B B
n should be included in this child's plan of care?
B B B B B B B B B
A. Keep restraints on at all times to prevent unplanned extubation.
B B B B B B B B B B
B. Remove restraints one at a time and provide range-of-
B B B B B B B B B
motion exercises. C. Remove all restraints simultaneously and provide play activities.
B B B B B B B B B B
D. Document the reason for application of the restraints every 72 hours. - ANSWER-
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
B. Remove restraints one at a time and provide range-of-motion
B B B B B B B B B B
Rationale: B
Removing restraints one at a time is safer than option C. The infant should have the restrained extremi
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ties assessed frequently for signs of neurologic or vascular impairment, and range-of-
B B B B B B B B B B B
motion exercises should be performed with these assessments. Under no circumstances should restra
B B B B B B B B B B B B
ints be applied to the client continuously. Documentation of assessment findings regarding the restrai
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ned extremities must occur much more frequently than every 72 hours; however, the reason for using
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
restraints must be justified and should be stated in the medical record
B B B B B B B B B B B
, The nurse assigns an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to provide morning care to a newly admitte
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
d child with bacterial meningitis. What is the most important instruction for the nurse to review with t
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
he UAP? B
A. Use designated isolation precautions.
B B B B B
B. Keep the lighting in the room dim.
B B B B B B B
C. Allow the parents to assist with care.
B B B B B B B
D. Report any pain that the child experiences. - ANSWER-A. Use designated isolation precautions.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Rationale: B
All these are important measures to review with the UAP, but the most important is option A. Imprope
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
r use of isolation precautions can place other staff and clients at risk for infection.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
The nurse is caring for a child with intussusception who is scheduled for a barium enema prior to a sur
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
gical procedure. Which action should the nurse take first?
B B B B B B B B
A. Evacuate the bowel of impacted feces
B B B B B B B
B. Administer magnesium sulfate
B B B
C. Place the child on a clear liquid diet
B B B B B B B B
D. Assess the stool for white color - ANSWER-C. Place the child on a clear liquid diet
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Rationale: B
Intussusception, an invagination or telescoping of one portion of the intestine into another, causes int
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
estinal obstruction in children (usually occurs between 3 months and 5 years of age). Nonsurgical trea
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
tment is attempted with hydrostatic pressure created by barium instillation, which often reduces the a
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
rea of bowel intussusception. In preparation for a barium enema, the client should first be placed on a
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Bclear liquid diet for the entire day; then magnesium sulfate is administered for bowel evacuation.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
A 3-week-
B
old infant is referred to an orthopedic clinic because the pediatrician heard a click when flexing the chi
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ld's right hip during a routine physical examination. The orthopedic physician suspects that the child
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
might have developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). The parents ask the nurse to identify risk factor
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
s commonly associated with DDH. Which response is accurate?
B B B B B B B B
A. Vertex delivery
B B
B. Male gender
B B
C. Breech presentation
B B
D. Second-born child - ANSWER-C. Breech presentation
B B B B B B
version|Comprehensive questions and verified
answers/accurate solutions|Already graded A+|Get it 100%
correct.
The nurse is planning postoperative care for a child who has had a cleft lip repair. What is the most im
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
portant reason to minimize this child's crying during the recovery period?
B B B B B B B B B B
A. Tear formation increases salivation.
B B B B
B. This behavior increases respirations.
B B B B B
C. Excessive hysteria can lead to vomiting.
B B B B B B
D. Crying stresses the suture line - ANSWER-D. Crying stresses the suture line
B B B B B B B B B B B B
Rationale: B
Prevention of stress on the lip suture line is essential for optimum healing and the cosmetic appearan
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ce of a cleft lip repair.
B B B B B
An infant is receiving digoxin for congestive heart failure. The apical heart rate is assessed at 80 beats/
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
min. What intervention should the nurse implement?
B B B B B B
A. Call for a portable chest radiograph.
B B B B B B B
B. Obtain a therapeutic drug level.
B B B B B
C. Reassess the heart rate in 30 minutes.
B B B B B B B
D. Administer digoxin immune Fab stat. - ANSWER-B. Obtain a therapeutic drug level.
B B B B B B B B B B B B
Rationale: B
Sinus bradycardia (heart rate <90 to 110 beats/min in an infant) is an indication of digoxin toxicity, so a
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ssessment of the client's digoxin level has the highest priority
B B B B B B B B B
The nurse admits a child to the intensive care unit with a possible diagnosis of Wilms tumor -
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
What is the most safety precaution for child?
B B B B B B B B
A. maintain NPO status
B B B
B. Limit visitors to the immediate family
B B B B B B
C. Place a do not palpate abdomen sign on head of bed
B B B B B B B B B B B
D. Encourage ambulation in the pre-operative period - ANSWER-
B B B B B B B B
C. Place a do not palpate abdomen sign on head of bed
B B B B B B B B B B B
,Rationale: B
Protect child from injury; place a sign on bed stating "no abdominal palpation" (to prevent accidental f
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ragmentation and dislodging into the abdominal cavity).
B B B B B B
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for the mother of a child who has been diagnosed with celiac di
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
sease. Choosing which lunch will be within the therapeutic management of a child with celiac disease
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
?
A. Turkey salad, milk, and oatmeal cookies
B B B B B B
B. Baked chicken, coleslaw, soda, and frozen fruit dessert
B B B B B B B B
C. Tuna salad sandwich on whole wheat bread, milk, and ice cream
B B B B B B B B B B B
D. Turkey sandwich on rye bread, orange juice, and fresh fruit - ANSWER-
B B B B B B B B B B B B
B. Baked chicken, coleslaw, soda, and frozen fruit dessert
B B B B B B B B
Rationale: B
A child with celiac disease is managed on a gluten-
B B B B B B B B B
free diet, which eliminates food products containing oats, wheat, rye, or barley.
B B B B B B B B B B B
A 6-month-
B
old male infant is admitted to the postanesthesia care unit with elbow restraints in place. He has an en
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
dotracheal tube and is ventilator- B B B B
dependent but will be extubated soon following recovery from anesthesia. Which nursing interventio
B B B B B B B B B B B B
n should be included in this child's plan of care?
B B B B B B B B B
A. Keep restraints on at all times to prevent unplanned extubation.
B B B B B B B B B B
B. Remove restraints one at a time and provide range-of-
B B B B B B B B B
motion exercises. C. Remove all restraints simultaneously and provide play activities.
B B B B B B B B B B
D. Document the reason for application of the restraints every 72 hours. - ANSWER-
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
B. Remove restraints one at a time and provide range-of-motion
B B B B B B B B B B
Rationale: B
Removing restraints one at a time is safer than option C. The infant should have the restrained extremi
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ties assessed frequently for signs of neurologic or vascular impairment, and range-of-
B B B B B B B B B B B
motion exercises should be performed with these assessments. Under no circumstances should restra
B B B B B B B B B B B B
ints be applied to the client continuously. Documentation of assessment findings regarding the restrai
B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ned extremities must occur much more frequently than every 72 hours; however, the reason for using
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
restraints must be justified and should be stated in the medical record
B B B B B B B B B B B
, The nurse assigns an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to provide morning care to a newly admitte
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
d child with bacterial meningitis. What is the most important instruction for the nurse to review with t
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
he UAP? B
A. Use designated isolation precautions.
B B B B B
B. Keep the lighting in the room dim.
B B B B B B B
C. Allow the parents to assist with care.
B B B B B B B
D. Report any pain that the child experiences. - ANSWER-A. Use designated isolation precautions.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Rationale: B
All these are important measures to review with the UAP, but the most important is option A. Imprope
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
r use of isolation precautions can place other staff and clients at risk for infection.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
The nurse is caring for a child with intussusception who is scheduled for a barium enema prior to a sur
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
gical procedure. Which action should the nurse take first?
B B B B B B B B
A. Evacuate the bowel of impacted feces
B B B B B B B
B. Administer magnesium sulfate
B B B
C. Place the child on a clear liquid diet
B B B B B B B B
D. Assess the stool for white color - ANSWER-C. Place the child on a clear liquid diet
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Rationale: B
Intussusception, an invagination or telescoping of one portion of the intestine into another, causes int
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
estinal obstruction in children (usually occurs between 3 months and 5 years of age). Nonsurgical trea
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
tment is attempted with hydrostatic pressure created by barium instillation, which often reduces the a
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
rea of bowel intussusception. In preparation for a barium enema, the client should first be placed on a
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
Bclear liquid diet for the entire day; then magnesium sulfate is administered for bowel evacuation.
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
A 3-week-
B
old infant is referred to an orthopedic clinic because the pediatrician heard a click when flexing the chi
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
ld's right hip during a routine physical examination. The orthopedic physician suspects that the child
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
might have developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). The parents ask the nurse to identify risk factor
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
s commonly associated with DDH. Which response is accurate?
B B B B B B B B
A. Vertex delivery
B B
B. Male gender
B B
C. Breech presentation
B B
D. Second-born child - ANSWER-C. Breech presentation
B B B B B B
