ModernuDatabaseuManagement,u13thuEdition,uJeffuHoffer,uRamesh
Test Bank for Modern Database Management, 13thE
u u u u u u u
dition, Jeff Hoffer, Ramesh Venkataraman, HeikkiTo
u u u u u u
pi, ISBN-10: 0134877004, ISBN-13:
u u u
9780134877006. All 14 Chapters u u u
TestuBank Pageu1
, ModernuDatabaseuManagement,u13thuEdition,uJeffuHoffer,uRamesh
Chapter 1 the Database Environment andDevelopm
u u u u u u
ent Process
u
Chapter Overviewu
Theupurposeuofuthisuchapteruisutouintroduceustudentsutoutheuworlduofudataumanagementuasuauwhole,uanduspecif
icallyutoutheudatabaseuapproachutouinformationusystemsudevelopment,utheuimportantuconceptsuanduprinciples
u ofutheudatabaseuapproach,uandutheudatabaseudevelopmentuprocessuwithinutheubroaderucontextuofuinformation
u systemsudevelopment.uThisuisuanuimportantuchapterubecauseuituconveysuausenseuofutheucentraluimportanceuof
u databasesuandudataumanagementuinutoday’suinformationusystemsuenvironmentuanduinuallumodernuenterprises
.uTheuideauofuanuorganizationaludatabaseuisuintuitivelyuappealingutoumostustudents.uHowever,umanyustudentsu
willuhaveulittleuorunoubackgrounduoruexperienceuwithutheu technicaluimplementationuofudatabases.uOthersuwil
luhaveuhadusomeuexperienceuwithudatabaseumanagementusystemsuintendeduforupersonaluoruworkgroupuuseu(s
uchuasuMicrosoftuAccess).uConsequently,utheyuwilluhaveuaulimiteduperspectiveuconcerninguanuorganizational
approachutoudatabases.
u
Inu thisu chapter,u weu introduceu theu basicu conceptsu andu definitionsu ofu databasesu andu datau management,us
tartinguwithuanuorganizinguframeworkuthatuisunewutouthisuchapter.uWeucontrastudatauwithuinformation,uanduin
troduceutheunotionuofumetadatauanduitsuimportance.uWeu alsoucontrastutheudatabaseuapproachuwithuolderufileu
processingusystems,uanduintroduceutheuPineuValleyuFurnitureuCompanyucaseutouillustrateutheseuconcepts.uW
eudescribeutheurangeuofudatabaseuapplications,ufromudatabasesuwithuaupersonaluoruworkgroupuscopeutouenterp
riseudatabases,uanduidentifyukeyudecisionsuthatumustubeumadeuforueachutypeuofudatabase.uWeudescribeubothuth
eupotentialubenefitsuandutypicalucostsuofuusingutheudatabaseuapproach.uWeualsoutraceutheuhistoricaluevolutionu
ofudatabaseusystems,uinuorderutouprovideuaucontextuforuunderstandingutheudatabaseuapproachuforudataustorageu
anduretrieval.uTheuchapteruoutlinesutheudifferencesubetweenutransactionaluanduinformationaluapproachesuand
u highlightsutheuwayunew,uanalytics-focusedutechnologiesuareutransformingudataumanagement.
Theuchapterualsoupresentsuanuexpandedudescriptionuofutheusystemsudevelopmentulifeucycleu(includinguanuintr
oductionutourapiduapplicationudevelopmentumethodsuofuprototypinguanduagileusoftwareudevelopment)uandu th
eu roleu ofu databaseu developmentu withinu it.u Theu chapteru providesu anu updatedu descriptionu ofu theu well-
TestuBank Pageu2
, ModernuDatabaseuManagement,u13thuEdition,uJeffuHoffer,uRamesh
knownuthree-
schemauarchitectureuanduusesuitutousummarizeutheuvariousudeliverablesuofudatabaseudevelopment.uItuconclud
esuwithuanuexampleuofudatabaseudevelopmentusituateduinutheucontextutheuPineuValleyuFurnitureuCompanyuca
se.
Chapter Objectives
u
Specificustudentulearninguobjectivesuareuincludeduatutheubeginninguofueachuchapter.uFromuanuinstructor’supoi
ntuofuview,utheuobjectivesuofuthisuchapteruareuto:
1. Createuausenseuofuexcitementuconcerningutheudatauandudatabaseumanagementufielduandutheuty
pesuofujobuopportunitiesuthatuareuavailable.
2. Acquaintustudentsuwithutheubroaduspectrumuofudatabaseuapplicationsuanduhowuorganizations
u areuusingudatabaseuapplicationsuforucompetitiveuadvantage.
3. Introduceutheudataumanagementuframeworkuthatuorganizesutheubookuandutheuconceptualuspa
ceuofudataumanagement,uhighlightinguhowurelationalutechnologiesuandunon-
relationalutechnologiesucanubeuseenuasupartuofutheusameuspace.
4. Introduceutheukeyutermsuandudefinitionsuthatudescribeutheudatabaseuenvironment.
5. Describeudataumodelsuanduhowutheyuareuusedutoucaptureutheunatureuandurelationshipsuamongu
data.
6. Describeutheumajorucomponentsuofutheudatabaseuenvironmentuanduhowutheseucomponentsuin
teractuwithueachuother.
7. Provideuaureviewuofusystemsudevelopmentumethodologies,uparticularlyutheusystemsudevelop
mentulifeucycle,uprototyping,uanduagileusoftwareudevelopment;ubuilduanuunderstandinguofuho
wudatabaseudevelopmentuisualigneduwithutheseumethodologies.
8. Developuanuunderstandinguofutheudifferenturolesuwithinuinuaudatabaseudevelopmentuteam.
9. Makeu studentsu awareu ofu theu three-
schemau architectureu andu itsu benefitsu foru databaseu developmentuandudesign.
10. Introduceu theu Pineu Valleyu Furnitureu Companyu case,u whichu isu usedu throughoutu theu textu touil
lustrateuimportantuconcepts.
11. Introduceu theu Mountainu Viewu CommunityuHospitalu case,u whichu isu includedu atu theu endu ofue
achuchapteruasuausourceuforustudentuprojects.
TestuBank Pageu3
, ModernuDatabaseuManagement,u13thuEdition,uJeffuHoffer,uRamesh
Key Terms
u
Agileusoftwareudevelopment Database Metadata
Conceptualuschema Databaseuapplication Physicaluschema
Constraint Databaseumanagementusystemu(DB Project
MS)
Data Enterpriseudataumodeling Prototyping
Datauindependence Enterpriseuresourceuplanningu(ERP) Relationaludatabase
Dataumodel Entity Repository
Dataumodelinguandudesignutools Information Systemsu developmentu lifeu cycleu (S
DLC)
Datauwarehouse Logicaluschema Useruview
Classroom Ideas u
1. Startuwithuaudiscussionuofuhowustudentsuinteractuwithusystemsubuiltuonudatabasesuonuaudailyub
asisu(creditucardutransactions,ushoppingucards,utelephoneucalls,ucelluphoneucontactulists,udow
nloadableumusic,uetc.).uIfuyouuteachuinuauclassroomuwithucomputers,uaskustudentsutoufinduexa
mplesuofuWebusitesuthatuappearutoubeuaccessingudatabases.
2. Contrastu theu termsu ―data‖u andu ―information.‖u Usingu Figureu 1-
1u asu au startingu point,u haveutheustudentsuprovideusomeugooduexamplesuofudatauanduinformati
onufromutheiruownuexperiences.uThisumayuwelluleadutousomeudifferencesuofuopinion,uandutheu
conclusionuthatuoneuperson’sudataumayubeuanotheruperson’suinformation.
3. IntroduceutheuconceptuofumetadatauusinguTableu1-
1.uAskutheustudentsutousuggestuotherumetadatauthatumightubeuappropriateuforuthisuexample.
4. Discussufileuprocessingusystemsuandutheirulimitations,uusinguFigureu1-2uanduTableu1-
2.uEmphasizeuthatumanyuofutheseusystemsuareustilluinuuseutoday.
5. IntroduceudataumodelsuusinguFigureu1-
3.uDiscussutheudifferencesubetweenuanuenterpriseudataumodeluanduauprojectudataumodel,uusin
guFiguresu1-3u(a)uandu(b).
6. Discussueachuofutheuadvantagesuofutheudatabaseuapproachu(Tableu1-
TestuBank Pageu4
Test Bank for Modern Database Management, 13thE
u u u u u u u
dition, Jeff Hoffer, Ramesh Venkataraman, HeikkiTo
u u u u u u
pi, ISBN-10: 0134877004, ISBN-13:
u u u
9780134877006. All 14 Chapters u u u
TestuBank Pageu1
, ModernuDatabaseuManagement,u13thuEdition,uJeffuHoffer,uRamesh
Chapter 1 the Database Environment andDevelopm
u u u u u u
ent Process
u
Chapter Overviewu
Theupurposeuofuthisuchapteruisutouintroduceustudentsutoutheuworlduofudataumanagementuasuauwhole,uanduspecif
icallyutoutheudatabaseuapproachutouinformationusystemsudevelopment,utheuimportantuconceptsuanduprinciples
u ofutheudatabaseuapproach,uandutheudatabaseudevelopmentuprocessuwithinutheubroaderucontextuofuinformation
u systemsudevelopment.uThisuisuanuimportantuchapterubecauseuituconveysuausenseuofutheucentraluimportanceuof
u databasesuandudataumanagementuinutoday’suinformationusystemsuenvironmentuanduinuallumodernuenterprises
.uTheuideauofuanuorganizationaludatabaseuisuintuitivelyuappealingutoumostustudents.uHowever,umanyustudentsu
willuhaveulittleuorunoubackgrounduoruexperienceuwithutheu technicaluimplementationuofudatabases.uOthersuwil
luhaveuhadusomeuexperienceuwithudatabaseumanagementusystemsuintendeduforupersonaluoruworkgroupuuseu(s
uchuasuMicrosoftuAccess).uConsequently,utheyuwilluhaveuaulimiteduperspectiveuconcerninguanuorganizational
approachutoudatabases.
u
Inu thisu chapter,u weu introduceu theu basicu conceptsu andu definitionsu ofu databasesu andu datau management,us
tartinguwithuanuorganizinguframeworkuthatuisunewutouthisuchapter.uWeucontrastudatauwithuinformation,uanduin
troduceutheunotionuofumetadatauanduitsuimportance.uWeu alsoucontrastutheudatabaseuapproachuwithuolderufileu
processingusystems,uanduintroduceutheuPineuValleyuFurnitureuCompanyucaseutouillustrateutheseuconcepts.uW
eudescribeutheurangeuofudatabaseuapplications,ufromudatabasesuwithuaupersonaluoruworkgroupuscopeutouenterp
riseudatabases,uanduidentifyukeyudecisionsuthatumustubeumadeuforueachutypeuofudatabase.uWeudescribeubothuth
eupotentialubenefitsuandutypicalucostsuofuusingutheudatabaseuapproach.uWeualsoutraceutheuhistoricaluevolutionu
ofudatabaseusystems,uinuorderutouprovideuaucontextuforuunderstandingutheudatabaseuapproachuforudataustorageu
anduretrieval.uTheuchapteruoutlinesutheudifferencesubetweenutransactionaluanduinformationaluapproachesuand
u highlightsutheuwayunew,uanalytics-focusedutechnologiesuareutransformingudataumanagement.
Theuchapterualsoupresentsuanuexpandedudescriptionuofutheusystemsudevelopmentulifeucycleu(includinguanuintr
oductionutourapiduapplicationudevelopmentumethodsuofuprototypinguanduagileusoftwareudevelopment)uandu th
eu roleu ofu databaseu developmentu withinu it.u Theu chapteru providesu anu updatedu descriptionu ofu theu well-
TestuBank Pageu2
, ModernuDatabaseuManagement,u13thuEdition,uJeffuHoffer,uRamesh
knownuthree-
schemauarchitectureuanduusesuitutousummarizeutheuvariousudeliverablesuofudatabaseudevelopment.uItuconclud
esuwithuanuexampleuofudatabaseudevelopmentusituateduinutheucontextutheuPineuValleyuFurnitureuCompanyuca
se.
Chapter Objectives
u
Specificustudentulearninguobjectivesuareuincludeduatutheubeginninguofueachuchapter.uFromuanuinstructor’supoi
ntuofuview,utheuobjectivesuofuthisuchapteruareuto:
1. Createuausenseuofuexcitementuconcerningutheudatauandudatabaseumanagementufielduandutheuty
pesuofujobuopportunitiesuthatuareuavailable.
2. Acquaintustudentsuwithutheubroaduspectrumuofudatabaseuapplicationsuanduhowuorganizations
u areuusingudatabaseuapplicationsuforucompetitiveuadvantage.
3. Introduceutheudataumanagementuframeworkuthatuorganizesutheubookuandutheuconceptualuspa
ceuofudataumanagement,uhighlightinguhowurelationalutechnologiesuandunon-
relationalutechnologiesucanubeuseenuasupartuofutheusameuspace.
4. Introduceutheukeyutermsuandudefinitionsuthatudescribeutheudatabaseuenvironment.
5. Describeudataumodelsuanduhowutheyuareuusedutoucaptureutheunatureuandurelationshipsuamongu
data.
6. Describeutheumajorucomponentsuofutheudatabaseuenvironmentuanduhowutheseucomponentsuin
teractuwithueachuother.
7. Provideuaureviewuofusystemsudevelopmentumethodologies,uparticularlyutheusystemsudevelop
mentulifeucycle,uprototyping,uanduagileusoftwareudevelopment;ubuilduanuunderstandinguofuho
wudatabaseudevelopmentuisualigneduwithutheseumethodologies.
8. Developuanuunderstandinguofutheudifferenturolesuwithinuinuaudatabaseudevelopmentuteam.
9. Makeu studentsu awareu ofu theu three-
schemau architectureu andu itsu benefitsu foru databaseu developmentuandudesign.
10. Introduceu theu Pineu Valleyu Furnitureu Companyu case,u whichu isu usedu throughoutu theu textu touil
lustrateuimportantuconcepts.
11. Introduceu theu Mountainu Viewu CommunityuHospitalu case,u whichu isu includedu atu theu endu ofue
achuchapteruasuausourceuforustudentuprojects.
TestuBank Pageu3
, ModernuDatabaseuManagement,u13thuEdition,uJeffuHoffer,uRamesh
Key Terms
u
Agileusoftwareudevelopment Database Metadata
Conceptualuschema Databaseuapplication Physicaluschema
Constraint Databaseumanagementusystemu(DB Project
MS)
Data Enterpriseudataumodeling Prototyping
Datauindependence Enterpriseuresourceuplanningu(ERP) Relationaludatabase
Dataumodel Entity Repository
Dataumodelinguandudesignutools Information Systemsu developmentu lifeu cycleu (S
DLC)
Datauwarehouse Logicaluschema Useruview
Classroom Ideas u
1. Startuwithuaudiscussionuofuhowustudentsuinteractuwithusystemsubuiltuonudatabasesuonuaudailyub
asisu(creditucardutransactions,ushoppingucards,utelephoneucalls,ucelluphoneucontactulists,udow
nloadableumusic,uetc.).uIfuyouuteachuinuauclassroomuwithucomputers,uaskustudentsutoufinduexa
mplesuofuWebusitesuthatuappearutoubeuaccessingudatabases.
2. Contrastu theu termsu ―data‖u andu ―information.‖u Usingu Figureu 1-
1u asu au startingu point,u haveutheustudentsuprovideusomeugooduexamplesuofudatauanduinformati
onufromutheiruownuexperiences.uThisumayuwelluleadutousomeudifferencesuofuopinion,uandutheu
conclusionuthatuoneuperson’sudataumayubeuanotheruperson’suinformation.
3. IntroduceutheuconceptuofumetadatauusinguTableu1-
1.uAskutheustudentsutousuggestuotherumetadatauthatumightubeuappropriateuforuthisuexample.
4. Discussufileuprocessingusystemsuandutheirulimitations,uusinguFigureu1-2uanduTableu1-
2.uEmphasizeuthatumanyuofutheseusystemsuareustilluinuuseutoday.
5. IntroduceudataumodelsuusinguFigureu1-
3.uDiscussutheudifferencesubetweenuanuenterpriseudataumodeluanduauprojectudataumodel,uusin
guFiguresu1-3u(a)uandu(b).
6. Discussueachuofutheuadvantagesuofutheudatabaseuapproachu(Tableu1-
TestuBank Pageu4
