SOC 1502 Introduction to Sociology 2025/2026
Version 2 Questions with Answers Guaranteed
Pass A+ Graded (Original Exam) University of
People
Gross National Income (GNI)
the income of a nation calculated based on goods and services produced, plus
income earned by citizens and corporations headquartered in that country
Metropolis-hinterland relationship
the relationship between nations when resources of the hinterlands are shipped to the
metropolises where they are converted into manufactured goods and shipped back to
the hinterlands
for consumption
Modernization Theory
a theory that low-income countries can improve their global economic standing by
industrialization of infrastructure and a shift in cultural attitudes toward work
Peripheral Nations
,nations on the fringes of the global economy, dominated by core nations, with very
little
industrialization
Relative Poverty
the state of poverty where one is unable to live the lifestyle of the average person in
the country
Second World
a term from the Cold War era that describes nations with moderate economies and
standards of living
Semi-peripheral nations
in-between nations, not powerful enough to dictate policy but acting as a major
source of raw materials and providing an expanding middle-class marketplace
Subjective poverty
a state of poverty subjectively present when one's actual income does not meet one's
expectations
,Third World
a term from the Cold War era that refers to poor, nonindustrialized countries
Underground Economy
an unregulated economy of labour and goods that operates outside of governance,
regulatory
systems, or human protections
Automation
workers being replaced by technology
Bartering
when people exchange one form of goods or services for another
Capitalism
an economic system based on private ownership of property or capital, competitive
markets, wage
labour, and the impetus to produce profit and accumulate private wealth
, Career Inheritance
when children tend to enter the same or similar occupation as their parents
Commodities
goods produced for sale on the market
Convergence Therapy
a sociological theory to explain how and why societies move toward similarity over
time
as their economies develop
Depression
a sustained recession across several economic sectors
Dual Labor Market
the division of the economy into high-wage and low-wage sectors
Economy
Version 2 Questions with Answers Guaranteed
Pass A+ Graded (Original Exam) University of
People
Gross National Income (GNI)
the income of a nation calculated based on goods and services produced, plus
income earned by citizens and corporations headquartered in that country
Metropolis-hinterland relationship
the relationship between nations when resources of the hinterlands are shipped to the
metropolises where they are converted into manufactured goods and shipped back to
the hinterlands
for consumption
Modernization Theory
a theory that low-income countries can improve their global economic standing by
industrialization of infrastructure and a shift in cultural attitudes toward work
Peripheral Nations
,nations on the fringes of the global economy, dominated by core nations, with very
little
industrialization
Relative Poverty
the state of poverty where one is unable to live the lifestyle of the average person in
the country
Second World
a term from the Cold War era that describes nations with moderate economies and
standards of living
Semi-peripheral nations
in-between nations, not powerful enough to dictate policy but acting as a major
source of raw materials and providing an expanding middle-class marketplace
Subjective poverty
a state of poverty subjectively present when one's actual income does not meet one's
expectations
,Third World
a term from the Cold War era that refers to poor, nonindustrialized countries
Underground Economy
an unregulated economy of labour and goods that operates outside of governance,
regulatory
systems, or human protections
Automation
workers being replaced by technology
Bartering
when people exchange one form of goods or services for another
Capitalism
an economic system based on private ownership of property or capital, competitive
markets, wage
labour, and the impetus to produce profit and accumulate private wealth
, Career Inheritance
when children tend to enter the same or similar occupation as their parents
Commodities
goods produced for sale on the market
Convergence Therapy
a sociological theory to explain how and why societies move toward similarity over
time
as their economies develop
Depression
a sustained recession across several economic sectors
Dual Labor Market
the division of the economy into high-wage and low-wage sectors
Economy
