PSYCHOPATHOLOGIE
inhoudstafel
1. ABNORMALITEIT................................................................................................... 7
1.1 abnormaal gedrag als .................................................................................... 7
1.1.1 gedrag waaronder mensen lijden ............................................................ 7
1.1.2 disfunctioneel gedrag ............................................................................. 8
1.1.3 irrationeel en onbegrijpelijk gedrag......................................................... 8
1.1.4 onvoorspelbaar en oncontroleerbaar gedrag .......................................... 9
1.1.5 opvallend en onconventioneel gedrag .................................................... 9
1.1.6 ongemakkelijk aanvoelend gedrag .......................................................... 9
1.1.7 normoverschrijdend gedrag .................................................................. 10
1.2 Comorbiditeit ............................................................................................. 10
1.3 etiologie ...................................................................................................... 11
1.4 prevalentie .................................................................................................. 11
1.5 prognose ..................................................................................................... 12
1.6 behandeling ................................................................................................ 12
1.7 doelstellingen ............................................................................................. 12
2. CLASSIFICATIE ................................................................................................... 13
2.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................... 13
2.1.1 van zot naar ziek ................................................................................... 13
2.1.2 van opsluiting naar behandeling ........................................................... 13
2.1.3 van inventariseren naar classificeren ................................................... 13
2.1.4 van symptoom naar syndroom.............................................................. 14
2.2 classificatiesysteem ................................................................................... 15
2.2.1 soorten ................................................................................................ 15
2.2.2 criteria / voorwaarden .......................................................................... 16
2.2.3 commentaar ........................................................................................ 16
2.2.4 besluit .................................................................................................. 16
, 2.3 DSM – Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental disorders ...................... 17
2.3.1 Geschiedenis ....................................................................................... 17
2.3.2 Versies ................................................................................................. 18
2.3.3 Basisprincipes ..................................................................................... 18
2.3.4 Opbouw ............................................................................................... 18
2.3.5 Alan Frances ........................................................................................ 21
2.3.6 diagnostische inflatie ........................................................................... 21
2.3.7 indeling ................................................................................................ 21
2.3.8 besluit .................................................................................................. 22
2.4 doelstellingen ............................................................................................. 22
3. ANGSTSTOORNISSEN ........................................................................................ 23
3.1 Situering ..................................................................................................... 23
3.2 Inleiding ...................................................................................................... 23
3.3 gegeneraliseerde angststoornis (GAS) ......................................................... 23
3.3.1 DSM-5 criteria / kenmerken .................................................................. 23
3.3.2 comorbiditeit ....................................................................................... 24
3.3.3 etiologie ............................................................................................... 24
3.3.4 Prevalentie ........................................................................................... 25
3.3.5 Prognose .............................................................................................. 25
3.3.6 Behandeling ......................................................................................... 25
3.3.7 Besluit.................................................................................................. 26
3.4 doelstellingen ............................................................................................. 26
4. DWANGSTOORNISSEN....................................................................................... 27
4.1 Situering ..................................................................................................... 27
4.2 Inleiding ...................................................................................................... 27
4.3 obsessieve-compulsieve stoornis ............................................................... 27
4.3.1 DSM-5 criteria / kenmerken .................................................................. 27
4.3.2 comorbiditeit ....................................................................................... 28
4.3.3 etiologie ............................................................................................... 28
, 4.3.4 prevalentie ........................................................................................... 29
4.3.5 Prognose .............................................................................................. 29
4.3.6 Behandeling ......................................................................................... 29
4.3.7 Besluit.................................................................................................. 29
4.4 doelstellingen ............................................................................................. 30
5. VOEDINGS- EN EETSTOORNISSEN...................................................................... 31
5.1 Situering ..................................................................................................... 31
5.2 Subgroepen ................................................................................................ 31
5.3 anorexia nervosa ......................................................................................... 31
5.3.1 DSM-5 criteria / kenmerken .................................................................. 32
5.3.2 Comorbiditeit....................................................................................... 33
5.3.3 Etiologie ............................................................................................... 33
5.3.4 prevalentie ........................................................................................... 33
5.3.5 prognose .............................................................................................. 33
5.3.6 behandeling ......................................................................................... 34
5.3.7 Lichamelijke gevolgen .......................................................................... 34
5.4 boulimie nervosa ........................................................................................ 35
5.4.1 geschiedenis ........................................................................................ 35
5.4.2 DSM-5 criteria / kenmerken .................................................................. 35
5.4.3 comorbiditeit ....................................................................................... 36
5.4.4 Etiologie ............................................................................................... 36
5.4.5 prevalentie ........................................................................................... 36
5.4.6 prognose .............................................................................................. 36
5.4.7 behandeling ......................................................................................... 37
5.4.8 lichamelijke gevolgen ........................................................................... 37
5.5 gevolgen ..................................................................................................... 38
5.6 besluit ........................................................................................................ 38
5.7 doelstellingen ............................................................................................. 40
6. NEUROBIOLOGISCHE ONTWIKKELINGSSTOORNISSEN ...................................... 41
, 6.1 Situering ..................................................................................................... 41
6.2 ADHD – Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.......................................... 41
6.2.1 Geschiedenis ....................................................................................... 41
6.2.2 DSM-5 criteria / kenmerken .................................................................. 42
6.2.3 Subtypes .............................................................................................. 43
6.2.4 comorbiditeit ....................................................................................... 43
6.2.5 Etiologie ............................................................................................... 43
6.2.6 Prevalentie ........................................................................................... 44
6.2.7 prognose .............................................................................................. 44
6.2.8 behandeling ......................................................................................... 44
6.2.9 besluit .................................................................................................. 44
6.3 ASS – Autisme Spectrum Stoornis ............................................................... 45
6.3.1 Geschiedenis ....................................................................................... 45
6.3.2 DSM-5 criteria / kenmerken .................................................................. 45
6.3.3 Comorbiditeit....................................................................................... 46
6.3.4 etiologie ............................................................................................... 47
6.3.5 Prevalentie ........................................................................................... 48
6.3.6 prognose .............................................................................................. 49
6.3.7 behandeling ......................................................................................... 49
6.3.8 besluit .................................................................................................. 49
6.4 doelstellingen ............................................................................................. 49
7. DEPRESSIEVE STEMMINGSSTOORNISSEN ......................................................... 50
7.1 Situering ..................................................................................................... 50
7.1.1 Misverstanden ..................................................................................... 50
7.2 symptomatologie ........................................................................................ 50
7.3 Typologie .................................................................................................... 51
7.4 verloop ....................................................................................................... 53
7.5 Comorbiditeit ............................................................................................. 54
7.6 etiologie ...................................................................................................... 54
inhoudstafel
1. ABNORMALITEIT................................................................................................... 7
1.1 abnormaal gedrag als .................................................................................... 7
1.1.1 gedrag waaronder mensen lijden ............................................................ 7
1.1.2 disfunctioneel gedrag ............................................................................. 8
1.1.3 irrationeel en onbegrijpelijk gedrag......................................................... 8
1.1.4 onvoorspelbaar en oncontroleerbaar gedrag .......................................... 9
1.1.5 opvallend en onconventioneel gedrag .................................................... 9
1.1.6 ongemakkelijk aanvoelend gedrag .......................................................... 9
1.1.7 normoverschrijdend gedrag .................................................................. 10
1.2 Comorbiditeit ............................................................................................. 10
1.3 etiologie ...................................................................................................... 11
1.4 prevalentie .................................................................................................. 11
1.5 prognose ..................................................................................................... 12
1.6 behandeling ................................................................................................ 12
1.7 doelstellingen ............................................................................................. 12
2. CLASSIFICATIE ................................................................................................... 13
2.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................... 13
2.1.1 van zot naar ziek ................................................................................... 13
2.1.2 van opsluiting naar behandeling ........................................................... 13
2.1.3 van inventariseren naar classificeren ................................................... 13
2.1.4 van symptoom naar syndroom.............................................................. 14
2.2 classificatiesysteem ................................................................................... 15
2.2.1 soorten ................................................................................................ 15
2.2.2 criteria / voorwaarden .......................................................................... 16
2.2.3 commentaar ........................................................................................ 16
2.2.4 besluit .................................................................................................. 16
, 2.3 DSM – Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental disorders ...................... 17
2.3.1 Geschiedenis ....................................................................................... 17
2.3.2 Versies ................................................................................................. 18
2.3.3 Basisprincipes ..................................................................................... 18
2.3.4 Opbouw ............................................................................................... 18
2.3.5 Alan Frances ........................................................................................ 21
2.3.6 diagnostische inflatie ........................................................................... 21
2.3.7 indeling ................................................................................................ 21
2.3.8 besluit .................................................................................................. 22
2.4 doelstellingen ............................................................................................. 22
3. ANGSTSTOORNISSEN ........................................................................................ 23
3.1 Situering ..................................................................................................... 23
3.2 Inleiding ...................................................................................................... 23
3.3 gegeneraliseerde angststoornis (GAS) ......................................................... 23
3.3.1 DSM-5 criteria / kenmerken .................................................................. 23
3.3.2 comorbiditeit ....................................................................................... 24
3.3.3 etiologie ............................................................................................... 24
3.3.4 Prevalentie ........................................................................................... 25
3.3.5 Prognose .............................................................................................. 25
3.3.6 Behandeling ......................................................................................... 25
3.3.7 Besluit.................................................................................................. 26
3.4 doelstellingen ............................................................................................. 26
4. DWANGSTOORNISSEN....................................................................................... 27
4.1 Situering ..................................................................................................... 27
4.2 Inleiding ...................................................................................................... 27
4.3 obsessieve-compulsieve stoornis ............................................................... 27
4.3.1 DSM-5 criteria / kenmerken .................................................................. 27
4.3.2 comorbiditeit ....................................................................................... 28
4.3.3 etiologie ............................................................................................... 28
, 4.3.4 prevalentie ........................................................................................... 29
4.3.5 Prognose .............................................................................................. 29
4.3.6 Behandeling ......................................................................................... 29
4.3.7 Besluit.................................................................................................. 29
4.4 doelstellingen ............................................................................................. 30
5. VOEDINGS- EN EETSTOORNISSEN...................................................................... 31
5.1 Situering ..................................................................................................... 31
5.2 Subgroepen ................................................................................................ 31
5.3 anorexia nervosa ......................................................................................... 31
5.3.1 DSM-5 criteria / kenmerken .................................................................. 32
5.3.2 Comorbiditeit....................................................................................... 33
5.3.3 Etiologie ............................................................................................... 33
5.3.4 prevalentie ........................................................................................... 33
5.3.5 prognose .............................................................................................. 33
5.3.6 behandeling ......................................................................................... 34
5.3.7 Lichamelijke gevolgen .......................................................................... 34
5.4 boulimie nervosa ........................................................................................ 35
5.4.1 geschiedenis ........................................................................................ 35
5.4.2 DSM-5 criteria / kenmerken .................................................................. 35
5.4.3 comorbiditeit ....................................................................................... 36
5.4.4 Etiologie ............................................................................................... 36
5.4.5 prevalentie ........................................................................................... 36
5.4.6 prognose .............................................................................................. 36
5.4.7 behandeling ......................................................................................... 37
5.4.8 lichamelijke gevolgen ........................................................................... 37
5.5 gevolgen ..................................................................................................... 38
5.6 besluit ........................................................................................................ 38
5.7 doelstellingen ............................................................................................. 40
6. NEUROBIOLOGISCHE ONTWIKKELINGSSTOORNISSEN ...................................... 41
, 6.1 Situering ..................................................................................................... 41
6.2 ADHD – Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.......................................... 41
6.2.1 Geschiedenis ....................................................................................... 41
6.2.2 DSM-5 criteria / kenmerken .................................................................. 42
6.2.3 Subtypes .............................................................................................. 43
6.2.4 comorbiditeit ....................................................................................... 43
6.2.5 Etiologie ............................................................................................... 43
6.2.6 Prevalentie ........................................................................................... 44
6.2.7 prognose .............................................................................................. 44
6.2.8 behandeling ......................................................................................... 44
6.2.9 besluit .................................................................................................. 44
6.3 ASS – Autisme Spectrum Stoornis ............................................................... 45
6.3.1 Geschiedenis ....................................................................................... 45
6.3.2 DSM-5 criteria / kenmerken .................................................................. 45
6.3.3 Comorbiditeit....................................................................................... 46
6.3.4 etiologie ............................................................................................... 47
6.3.5 Prevalentie ........................................................................................... 48
6.3.6 prognose .............................................................................................. 49
6.3.7 behandeling ......................................................................................... 49
6.3.8 besluit .................................................................................................. 49
6.4 doelstellingen ............................................................................................. 49
7. DEPRESSIEVE STEMMINGSSTOORNISSEN ......................................................... 50
7.1 Situering ..................................................................................................... 50
7.1.1 Misverstanden ..................................................................................... 50
7.2 symptomatologie ........................................................................................ 50
7.3 Typologie .................................................................................................... 51
7.4 verloop ....................................................................................................... 53
7.5 Comorbiditeit ............................................................................................. 54
7.6 etiologie ...................................................................................................... 54
