CARDIOVASCULAR ALTERATIONS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW 2025

CARDIOVASCULAR ALTERATIONS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW
2025

CARDIOVASCULAR ALTERATIONS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW 2025

Atherosclerosis - - CORRECT ANSWER - >"Hardening of the arteries"
A progressive disease characterized by formation of plaque in the intimal lining of
medium and large arteries, including the aorta and its branches, the coronary
arteries, and large vessels that supply the brain

Atherosclerosis appears to begin with - - CORRECT ANSWER - >Chronic injury or
inflammation to the endothelial cells that line the blood vessels

Sources of chronic injury and inflammation to endothelial cells lining the blood
vessels - - CORRECT ANSWER - >Hypertension, smoking, viruses, high blood levels
of cholesterol and glucose

Flat, thick, yellow lesions that can progressively thicken, enlarge, and protrude
into the lumen of the artery - - CORRECT ANSWER - >Fatty streaks

As fatty streaks mature over time, they begin to develop into -
- CORRECT ANSWER - >Fibrous atheromatous plaque
* this is the basic lesion associated with atherosclerosis

A narrowing of the internal space or lumen of a coronary artery -
- CORRECT ANSWER - >Coronary artery disease (CAD)

Coronary artery disease is most typically caused by - - CORRECT ANSWER -
>Atherosclerotic plaque formations

CARDIOVASCULAR ALTERATIONS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW 2025

, CARDIOVASCULAR ALTERATIONS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW
2025


Two types of atherosclerotic plaques - - CORRECT ANSWER - >Stable plaque
Unstable plaque
Impedes blood flow to myocardial tissues and is associated with development of
stable angina - - CORRECT ANSWER - >Stable plaque

A predictable and less threatening type of cardiac ischemia - - CORRECT ANSWER
- >Stable angina

__________ plaque is more ominous with a greater tendency toward rupture,
platelet aggregation, fibrin attraction, and thrombus formation in the coronary
artery - - CORRECT ANSWER - >Unstable

____________ plaque activity can precipitate an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) -
- CORRECT ANSWER - >Unstable

Modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease - - CORRECT ANSWER -
>Hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, DM type 2, metabolic syndrome,
hypertension, obesity, physical inactivity, smoking, diet

Unmodifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease - - CORRECT ANSWER - >Age
Male gender
DM type 1
Genetic predisposition

Desirable total serum cholesterol value - - CORRECT ANSWER - ><200 mg/dL



CARDIOVASCULAR ALTERATIONS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW 2025

, CARDIOVASCULAR ALTERATIONS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW
2025

Desirable serum LDL cholesterol value - - CORRECT ANSWER - >100 to 129
*optimal = <100

Drugs to reduce serum cholesterol and LDL levels - - CORRECT ANSWER - >HMG
Co-enzyme inhibitors, or statins: lovastatin (Mecavor), pravastatin (Pravachol),
simvastatin (Zocor), fluvastatin
(Lescol), atorvastatin (Lipitor), and rosuvastatin (Crestor)
Clinical presentation of impaired tissue perfusion - - CORRECT ANSWER - >Angina
pectoris Diaphoresis
Shortness of breath
Lightheadedness
Nausea
Fatigue

Chest pain that is predictable and occurs with physical activity -
- CORRECT ANSWER - >Stable angina

Chest pain that occurs at rest and is not related to physical activity or heart rate -
- CORRECT ANSWER - >Variant angina (Prinzmetal's angina)

Chest pain that is not predictable. It occurs with minimal activity, and it occurs
with increased frequency and severity - - CORRECT ANSWER - >Unstable angina

________ angina requires immediate medical attention - - CORRECT ANSWER -
>Unstable




CARDIOVASCULAR ALTERATIONS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW 2025