Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam Review – 2025 Latest Q&A 100% Correct A+
Verified Study Guide for NP-MSN Students
Why are nitrate-free periods every 24 hours necessary for the patient on nitroglycerin therapy? To
inhibit the development of tolerance << correct answer >>What does a low level of thyroid-stimulating
hormone indicate? Hyperthroidism << correct answer >>What would be the best option to treat a
newly diagnosed patient with a low TSH level with? Propanolol (Inderal) << correct answer
>>Spironoaldactone (Aldactone) has what mechanism of action (MOA)? Aldosterone antagonist <<
correct answer >>Heparin exerts its therapeutic action by what? Upregulating the activity of one of the
body's natural anticoagulant molecules, antithrombin III << correct answer >>What physiologic action
happens when the offending drug is administered during an anaphylactic reaction. Mast cells
liberate large doses of histamine. << correct answer >>What are two systemic psoriasis medications?
Photo-therapy and topical corticosteroids << correct answer >>What is the first choice of drug
therapy for the majority of patients with uncomplicated stage I hypertension? Thiazide diuretics <<
correct answer >>What is the effect of cardiac glycosides? Digitalis glycosides have a negative
chronotropic effect on the cardiac muscle cells. << correct answer >>Amenorrhea is the most common
side effect of which birth control medication? Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera) << correct
answer >>What is an anti-hypertensive agent which competes with epinephrine for available beta-
receptor sites? Atenolol (Tenormin) << correct answer >>What type of action does nitrates have on the
body? Reduction in systemic venous tone. << correct answer >>What is the recommended level of low-
density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) for patients with known coronary artery disease? 100mg/dl or
less. << correct answer >>What is the MOA of group IV anti-dysrhythmia drugs? Depressing phase 4
depolarization and lengthening phases 1 and 2 repolarization. << correct answer >>Which drug therapy
should be used to lower the serum concentration of thyroid hormones and re-establish eumetabolic
state in a patient with Graves' disease? Anti-thyroid drugs. << correct answer >>Which type of diuretic
would be used for a stage I hypertension in a patient with renal insufficiency? Loop diuretic. <<
correct answer >>What drug should be considered as first-line therapy for a client with hypertension
and heart failure? Enalapril (Vasotec) << correct answer >>Which drug is considered safe for
hypertension treatment during pregnancy? Methyldopa (Aldomet) << correct answer >>What drug
will reduce afterload because it is an alpha-adrenergic blocker? Prazosin (Minipress) << correct answer
>>What is an expected effect of the use of a beta-adrenergic blocker to control angina? Reduced force
of cardiac contraction. << correct answer >>What side effect should be monitored closely in the elderly
when taking Metformin (Glucophage) for type 2 diabetes? Lactic acidosis. << correct answer
>>What is the primary role of cytochrome p-450 in the liver? Deactivate and detoxify medications
and other substances. << correct answer >>What is a component of Vitamin K-dependent clotting
factors? Prothrombin << correct answer >>How are IV morphine and nitroglycerin beneficial in
acute heart failure? Decrease preload. << correct answer >>What is the purpose of administering a
vasodilating drug to a patient in heart failure? Decrease afterload. << correct answer >>What are some
contrindications for HMG-co A reductase inhibitors (statins)? They cause myopathies, especially at
higher doses or in combination with certain drugs. They should never be used in patients taking
Warfarin (Coumadin). << correct answer >>Which drug can reduce serum LDL the most in patients with
Verified Study Guide for NP-MSN Students
Why are nitrate-free periods every 24 hours necessary for the patient on nitroglycerin therapy? To
inhibit the development of tolerance << correct answer >>What does a low level of thyroid-stimulating
hormone indicate? Hyperthroidism << correct answer >>What would be the best option to treat a
newly diagnosed patient with a low TSH level with? Propanolol (Inderal) << correct answer
>>Spironoaldactone (Aldactone) has what mechanism of action (MOA)? Aldosterone antagonist <<
correct answer >>Heparin exerts its therapeutic action by what? Upregulating the activity of one of the
body's natural anticoagulant molecules, antithrombin III << correct answer >>What physiologic action
happens when the offending drug is administered during an anaphylactic reaction. Mast cells
liberate large doses of histamine. << correct answer >>What are two systemic psoriasis medications?
Photo-therapy and topical corticosteroids << correct answer >>What is the first choice of drug
therapy for the majority of patients with uncomplicated stage I hypertension? Thiazide diuretics <<
correct answer >>What is the effect of cardiac glycosides? Digitalis glycosides have a negative
chronotropic effect on the cardiac muscle cells. << correct answer >>Amenorrhea is the most common
side effect of which birth control medication? Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera) << correct
answer >>What is an anti-hypertensive agent which competes with epinephrine for available beta-
receptor sites? Atenolol (Tenormin) << correct answer >>What type of action does nitrates have on the
body? Reduction in systemic venous tone. << correct answer >>What is the recommended level of low-
density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) for patients with known coronary artery disease? 100mg/dl or
less. << correct answer >>What is the MOA of group IV anti-dysrhythmia drugs? Depressing phase 4
depolarization and lengthening phases 1 and 2 repolarization. << correct answer >>Which drug therapy
should be used to lower the serum concentration of thyroid hormones and re-establish eumetabolic
state in a patient with Graves' disease? Anti-thyroid drugs. << correct answer >>Which type of diuretic
would be used for a stage I hypertension in a patient with renal insufficiency? Loop diuretic. <<
correct answer >>What drug should be considered as first-line therapy for a client with hypertension
and heart failure? Enalapril (Vasotec) << correct answer >>Which drug is considered safe for
hypertension treatment during pregnancy? Methyldopa (Aldomet) << correct answer >>What drug
will reduce afterload because it is an alpha-adrenergic blocker? Prazosin (Minipress) << correct answer
>>What is an expected effect of the use of a beta-adrenergic blocker to control angina? Reduced force
of cardiac contraction. << correct answer >>What side effect should be monitored closely in the elderly
when taking Metformin (Glucophage) for type 2 diabetes? Lactic acidosis. << correct answer
>>What is the primary role of cytochrome p-450 in the liver? Deactivate and detoxify medications
and other substances. << correct answer >>What is a component of Vitamin K-dependent clotting
factors? Prothrombin << correct answer >>How are IV morphine and nitroglycerin beneficial in
acute heart failure? Decrease preload. << correct answer >>What is the purpose of administering a
vasodilating drug to a patient in heart failure? Decrease afterload. << correct answer >>What are some
contrindications for HMG-co A reductase inhibitors (statins)? They cause myopathies, especially at
higher doses or in combination with certain drugs. They should never be used in patients taking
Warfarin (Coumadin). << correct answer >>Which drug can reduce serum LDL the most in patients with
