BIOL 1104 Lecture Exam 2
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
L9: Flagella - Correct Answers -motile prokaryotes
hair-like extension that can rotate rapidly to propel the organism through its liquid
environment
L9: Anaerobic - Correct Answers -Process that does not require oxygen and produces
relatively small amounts of energy
example; tetanus bacterium
L9: Conjugation - Correct Answers -transfer of DNA from one cell to another through a
temporary connection
Ex. Sex Pilli
Produces new genetic combinations that may allow the resulting bacteria to survive
under varieties of conditions
L9: Biofilm - Correct Answers -microbial community of bacteria attached to a surface;
surrounded by sticky protective slime
L9: Aerobic - Correct Answers -Process that requires oxygen and produces relatively
large amounts of energy
L9: Virus - Correct Answers -non- cellular parasite particle that consists of a protein coat
surrounding genetic material and can only multiply within a cell of living things
L9: Autotroph - Correct Answers -Convert inorganic matter + water -> food
L9: Heterotroph - Correct Answers -organisms that eat organic debris or other
organisms
L9: Virus? - Correct Answers -1. Can only reproduce inside a host cell (cell the virus
infects)
,2. Viral Genetic material takes over
3. The cell uses the other to produce new components
L9: Endospores - Correct Answers -thickly wrapped particles of genetic material and a
few enzymes
form inside some bacteria under inhospitable environments conditions
L9: Fission - Correct Answers -the process by which an organism divides in half
producing 2, identical copies of itself
Allows for rapidly evolution and mutation to spread
Can occur every 20 minutes
L9: Viroid - Correct Answers -a particle of RNA that is capable of infecting a cell and of
directing the production of more viroids; responsible for certain plant diseases
L9: Prion - Correct Answers -a protein that, in mutated form, act as an infectious agent
that causes certain neurodegenerative diseases
blood leaving the heart travels from ARTERIES to arterioles to CAPILLARIES, then into
venules, and finally to VEINS, which return it to the heart
L16: Pulmonary Circuit - Correct Answers -directs blood from the heart through the
lungs, where carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen and back to the heart
L16: lymphatic system - Correct Answers -filter blood and house cells of the immune
system
L9: Clade - Correct Answers -A group consisting of a common ancestor and all of its
descendants.
L9: Protist - Correct Answers -Loose grouping of eukaryotic lineages that are not green
plants, fungi, or animals
Do not form clades
L9: What is a Prokaryote? Bacteria & Archaea - Correct Answers -single-celled
do not contain a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle (mitochondria or
chloroplast)
Divided by binary fission
3 Common Shapes: spherical, rod-like, corkscrew
, L9: Prokaryote - Correct Answers -can extract their energy from organic compounds
(sugars, carbohydrates, fats, proteins)
Also poisonous to humans (benzene, petroleum)
Also inorganic molecules (hydrogen, sulfur)
L9: What is Eukaryote? Plants, Animals, & Fungi - Correct Answers -Contains
membrane - bound organelles, including nucleus
Can also be single- celled or multicelled
L9: Eukaryote - Correct Answers -Divided by mitosis and cytokinesis
L9: How do Bacteria & Archaea differ? - Correct Answers -Bacteria's cell wall contains
peptidoglycan. Archaea does not have peptidoglycan but it has lipids.
Bacteria: UNbranched hydrocarbons,
ONE type of RNA, formlymeth, NO introns, NO histones
Archara: Branched hydocarbons, SEVERAL RNA, methodine, introns, histones
L9: structure of bacteria - Correct Answers -Wheel- like structure in the bacterial
membrane and cell wall allows the flagellum to rotate
L9: Structure of Archaea - Correct Answers -Thinner and constructed of different
proteins
L9: How do Bacteria survive & reproduce? - Correct Answers -"Biofilm" - many bacteria
form protective films on surfaces; protected from disinfectants, antibiotics and difficult to
get rid of
"Endospores" (forms under inhospitable environment conditions) - protective
endospores allow some bacteria to withstand adverse conditions
L9: Which endospore can survive a long time in soil - Correct Answers -Anthrax
L9: What bacteria are thought to give us a glimpse into the origins of life? - Correct
Answers -Extremophile Bacteria
L9: Where can prokaryotes live? - Correct Answers -almost anywhere;
Near Boiling Environments (Yellowstone Nat. Park)
Hot Environments (Hot springs)
High Pressure Environments
Cold Environments (Antartica Sea ice)
High Salt Environments (Dead Sea)
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
L9: Flagella - Correct Answers -motile prokaryotes
hair-like extension that can rotate rapidly to propel the organism through its liquid
environment
L9: Anaerobic - Correct Answers -Process that does not require oxygen and produces
relatively small amounts of energy
example; tetanus bacterium
L9: Conjugation - Correct Answers -transfer of DNA from one cell to another through a
temporary connection
Ex. Sex Pilli
Produces new genetic combinations that may allow the resulting bacteria to survive
under varieties of conditions
L9: Biofilm - Correct Answers -microbial community of bacteria attached to a surface;
surrounded by sticky protective slime
L9: Aerobic - Correct Answers -Process that requires oxygen and produces relatively
large amounts of energy
L9: Virus - Correct Answers -non- cellular parasite particle that consists of a protein coat
surrounding genetic material and can only multiply within a cell of living things
L9: Autotroph - Correct Answers -Convert inorganic matter + water -> food
L9: Heterotroph - Correct Answers -organisms that eat organic debris or other
organisms
L9: Virus? - Correct Answers -1. Can only reproduce inside a host cell (cell the virus
infects)
,2. Viral Genetic material takes over
3. The cell uses the other to produce new components
L9: Endospores - Correct Answers -thickly wrapped particles of genetic material and a
few enzymes
form inside some bacteria under inhospitable environments conditions
L9: Fission - Correct Answers -the process by which an organism divides in half
producing 2, identical copies of itself
Allows for rapidly evolution and mutation to spread
Can occur every 20 minutes
L9: Viroid - Correct Answers -a particle of RNA that is capable of infecting a cell and of
directing the production of more viroids; responsible for certain plant diseases
L9: Prion - Correct Answers -a protein that, in mutated form, act as an infectious agent
that causes certain neurodegenerative diseases
blood leaving the heart travels from ARTERIES to arterioles to CAPILLARIES, then into
venules, and finally to VEINS, which return it to the heart
L16: Pulmonary Circuit - Correct Answers -directs blood from the heart through the
lungs, where carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen and back to the heart
L16: lymphatic system - Correct Answers -filter blood and house cells of the immune
system
L9: Clade - Correct Answers -A group consisting of a common ancestor and all of its
descendants.
L9: Protist - Correct Answers -Loose grouping of eukaryotic lineages that are not green
plants, fungi, or animals
Do not form clades
L9: What is a Prokaryote? Bacteria & Archaea - Correct Answers -single-celled
do not contain a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle (mitochondria or
chloroplast)
Divided by binary fission
3 Common Shapes: spherical, rod-like, corkscrew
, L9: Prokaryote - Correct Answers -can extract their energy from organic compounds
(sugars, carbohydrates, fats, proteins)
Also poisonous to humans (benzene, petroleum)
Also inorganic molecules (hydrogen, sulfur)
L9: What is Eukaryote? Plants, Animals, & Fungi - Correct Answers -Contains
membrane - bound organelles, including nucleus
Can also be single- celled or multicelled
L9: Eukaryote - Correct Answers -Divided by mitosis and cytokinesis
L9: How do Bacteria & Archaea differ? - Correct Answers -Bacteria's cell wall contains
peptidoglycan. Archaea does not have peptidoglycan but it has lipids.
Bacteria: UNbranched hydrocarbons,
ONE type of RNA, formlymeth, NO introns, NO histones
Archara: Branched hydocarbons, SEVERAL RNA, methodine, introns, histones
L9: structure of bacteria - Correct Answers -Wheel- like structure in the bacterial
membrane and cell wall allows the flagellum to rotate
L9: Structure of Archaea - Correct Answers -Thinner and constructed of different
proteins
L9: How do Bacteria survive & reproduce? - Correct Answers -"Biofilm" - many bacteria
form protective films on surfaces; protected from disinfectants, antibiotics and difficult to
get rid of
"Endospores" (forms under inhospitable environment conditions) - protective
endospores allow some bacteria to withstand adverse conditions
L9: Which endospore can survive a long time in soil - Correct Answers -Anthrax
L9: What bacteria are thought to give us a glimpse into the origins of life? - Correct
Answers -Extremophile Bacteria
L9: Where can prokaryotes live? - Correct Answers -almost anywhere;
Near Boiling Environments (Yellowstone Nat. Park)
Hot Environments (Hot springs)
High Pressure Environments
Cold Environments (Antartica Sea ice)
High Salt Environments (Dead Sea)
