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FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING FINAL EXAM 2025-2026
A cyanotic client with an unknown diagnosis is admitted to the e.r. in relation to oxygen, the
first nursing action would be to:
• a. Wait until the client’s lab work is done.
• B. Not administer oxygen unless ordered by the physician.
• C. Administer oxygen at 2 l flow per minute.
• D. Administer oxygen at 10 l flow per minute and check the client’s nail beds.
A nurse teaches a client about the use of a respiratory inhaler. Which action by the client indicated a
need for further teaching?
• A. Removes the cap and shakes the inhaler well before use.
• B. Press the canister down with your finger as he breathes in.
• C. Inhales the mist and quickly exhales.
• D. Waits 1 to 2 minutes between puffs if more than one puff has been prescribed.
A nurse is assessing a client with chronic airflow limitation and notes that the client has a “barrel
chest.” The nurse interprets that this client has which of the following forms of chronic airflow
limitation?
• a. Chronic obstructive bronchitis
• B. Emphysema
• C. Bronchial asthma
• D. Bronchial asthma and bronchitis
Which of the following is a priority goal for the client with copd?
• a. Maintaining functional ability.
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• B. Minimizing chest pain.
• C. Increasing carbon dioxide levels in the blood.
• D. Treating infectious agents.
The nurse is teaching the client how to use a metered-dose inhaler (mdi) to administer a
corticosteroid drug. Which of the following client actions indicates that he is using the mdi correctly?
Select all that apply.
• a. The inhaler is held upright.
• B. Head is tilted down while inhaling the medication.
• C. Client waits 5 minutes between puffs.
• D. Mouth is rinsed with water following administration.
• E. Client lies supine for 15 minutes following administration.
Auscultation of a client’s lungs reveals crackles in the left posterior base. The nursing intervention is
to:
• a. Repeat auscultation after asking the client to deep breathe and cough.
• B. Instruct the client to limit fluid intake to less than 2000 ml/day.
• C. Inspect the client’s ankles and sacrum for the presence of edema.
• D. Place the client on bedrest in a semi-fowler's position.
Assessing a client who has developed atelectasis postoperatively, the nurse will most likely find:
• a. A flushed face.
• B. Dyspnea and pain.
• C. Decreased temperature.
• D. Severe cough and no pain.
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Dr. Jones prescribes albuterol sulfate (proventil) for a patient with newly diagnosed asthma. When
teaching the patient about this drug, the nurse should explain that it may cause:
• a. Nasal congestion
• B. Nervousness
• C. Lethargy
• D. Hyperkalemia
On auscultation, which finding suggests a right pneumothorax?
• a. Bilateral inspiratory and expiratory crackles.
• B. Absence of breaths sound in the right thorax.
• C. Inspiratory wheezes in the right thorax.
• D. Bilateral pleural friction rub.
An oxygen delivery system is prescribed for a male client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
to deliver a precise oxygen concentration. Which of the following types of oxygen delivery systems
would the nurse anticipate to be prescribed?
• a. Face tent
• B. Venturi mask
• C. Aerosol mask
• D. Tracheostomy collar
A nurse is caring for a male client with emphysema who is receiving oxygen. The nurse assesses the
oxygen flow rate to ensure that it does not exceed:
• a. 1 l/min
• B. 2 l/min
• C. 6 l/min
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• D. 10 l/min
A nurse instructs a female client to use the pursed-lip method of breathing and the client asks the
nurse about the purpose of this type of breathing. The nurse responds, knowing that the primary
purpose of pursed-lip breathing is to:
• a. Promote oxygen intake.
• B. Strengthen the diaphragm.
• C. Strengthen the intercostal muscles.
• D. Promote carbon dioxide elimination.
A Nurse is suctioning fluids from a female client through an endotracheal tube. During the
suctioning procedure, the nurse notes on the monitor that the heart rate is decreasing. Which
if the following is the appropriate nursing intervention?
• a. Continue to suction.
• B. Notify the physician immediately.
• C. Stop the procedure and reoxygenate the client.
• D. Ensure that the suction is limited to 15 seconds.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving heat applications using an aquathermia pad. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take when applying the pad? A. Set the pad’s
temperature to 42.2° c (108° f).
B Stop the treatment if the client’s skin becomes red.
C Leave the pad in place for at least 40 min.
D Use safety pins to keep the pad in place.
A nurse is planning preventive care for a client who is at risk for pressure ulcers and requires bed
rest. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Massage the client’s bony prominences.
B. Keep the head of the bed elevated.
C. Reposition the client at least every 2 hr.
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FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING FINAL EXAM 2025-2026
A cyanotic client with an unknown diagnosis is admitted to the e.r. in relation to oxygen, the
first nursing action would be to:
• a. Wait until the client’s lab work is done.
• B. Not administer oxygen unless ordered by the physician.
• C. Administer oxygen at 2 l flow per minute.
• D. Administer oxygen at 10 l flow per minute and check the client’s nail beds.
A nurse teaches a client about the use of a respiratory inhaler. Which action by the client indicated a
need for further teaching?
• A. Removes the cap and shakes the inhaler well before use.
• B. Press the canister down with your finger as he breathes in.
• C. Inhales the mist and quickly exhales.
• D. Waits 1 to 2 minutes between puffs if more than one puff has been prescribed.
A nurse is assessing a client with chronic airflow limitation and notes that the client has a “barrel
chest.” The nurse interprets that this client has which of the following forms of chronic airflow
limitation?
• a. Chronic obstructive bronchitis
• B. Emphysema
• C. Bronchial asthma
• D. Bronchial asthma and bronchitis
Which of the following is a priority goal for the client with copd?
• a. Maintaining functional ability.
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• B. Minimizing chest pain.
• C. Increasing carbon dioxide levels in the blood.
• D. Treating infectious agents.
The nurse is teaching the client how to use a metered-dose inhaler (mdi) to administer a
corticosteroid drug. Which of the following client actions indicates that he is using the mdi correctly?
Select all that apply.
• a. The inhaler is held upright.
• B. Head is tilted down while inhaling the medication.
• C. Client waits 5 minutes between puffs.
• D. Mouth is rinsed with water following administration.
• E. Client lies supine for 15 minutes following administration.
Auscultation of a client’s lungs reveals crackles in the left posterior base. The nursing intervention is
to:
• a. Repeat auscultation after asking the client to deep breathe and cough.
• B. Instruct the client to limit fluid intake to less than 2000 ml/day.
• C. Inspect the client’s ankles and sacrum for the presence of edema.
• D. Place the client on bedrest in a semi-fowler's position.
Assessing a client who has developed atelectasis postoperatively, the nurse will most likely find:
• a. A flushed face.
• B. Dyspnea and pain.
• C. Decreased temperature.
• D. Severe cough and no pain.
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, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
Dr. Jones prescribes albuterol sulfate (proventil) for a patient with newly diagnosed asthma. When
teaching the patient about this drug, the nurse should explain that it may cause:
• a. Nasal congestion
• B. Nervousness
• C. Lethargy
• D. Hyperkalemia
On auscultation, which finding suggests a right pneumothorax?
• a. Bilateral inspiratory and expiratory crackles.
• B. Absence of breaths sound in the right thorax.
• C. Inspiratory wheezes in the right thorax.
• D. Bilateral pleural friction rub.
An oxygen delivery system is prescribed for a male client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
to deliver a precise oxygen concentration. Which of the following types of oxygen delivery systems
would the nurse anticipate to be prescribed?
• a. Face tent
• B. Venturi mask
• C. Aerosol mask
• D. Tracheostomy collar
A nurse is caring for a male client with emphysema who is receiving oxygen. The nurse assesses the
oxygen flow rate to ensure that it does not exceed:
• a. 1 l/min
• B. 2 l/min
• C. 6 l/min
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• D. 10 l/min
A nurse instructs a female client to use the pursed-lip method of breathing and the client asks the
nurse about the purpose of this type of breathing. The nurse responds, knowing that the primary
purpose of pursed-lip breathing is to:
• a. Promote oxygen intake.
• B. Strengthen the diaphragm.
• C. Strengthen the intercostal muscles.
• D. Promote carbon dioxide elimination.
A Nurse is suctioning fluids from a female client through an endotracheal tube. During the
suctioning procedure, the nurse notes on the monitor that the heart rate is decreasing. Which
if the following is the appropriate nursing intervention?
• a. Continue to suction.
• B. Notify the physician immediately.
• C. Stop the procedure and reoxygenate the client.
• D. Ensure that the suction is limited to 15 seconds.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving heat applications using an aquathermia pad. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take when applying the pad? A. Set the pad’s
temperature to 42.2° c (108° f).
B Stop the treatment if the client’s skin becomes red.
C Leave the pad in place for at least 40 min.
D Use safety pins to keep the pad in place.
A nurse is planning preventive care for a client who is at risk for pressure ulcers and requires bed
rest. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Massage the client’s bony prominences.
B. Keep the head of the bed elevated.
C. Reposition the client at least every 2 hr.
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