Most common ethical issues - AnswersEmployment practices
Human rights
Environmental regulations
Corruption
Moral obligations of corporations
Human rights - AnswersFreedom of:
Association
Speech
Assembly
Movement
From political repression
Sullivan Principles - AnswersGM adopted
Company should not obey the apartheid rules in it's operation in South Africa
(Blacks cannot manage whites)
U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) - AnswersRegulates conduct of international business in the
taking of bribes and other unethical actions
Roots of unethical behavior - AnswersPersonal ethics
Decision-making processes
Organizational culture
Unrealistic performance goals
Leadership
Societal culture
Straw Men - AnswersOffer inappropriate guidelines for ethical decision making
Righteous moralist
, Naive immoralists
Righteous moralists - AnswersHome-country standards of ethics should be followed in foreign countries
Naive Immoralist - AnswersIf a manager of a multinational sees that firms from other nations are not
following ethical norms in a host nation, that manager should not either.
Utilitarianism approaches to ethics - AnswersDavid Hume
Actions are desirable if they lead to the best possible balance of good consequences over bad
consequences
Best decisions are those that produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people
Kantian Ethics - AnswersPeople should be treated as ends and never purely as means to the ends of
others.
People have dignity and need to be respected.
Some philosophers view as incomplete.
Rights Theories - AnswersHuman beings have fundamental rights and privileges that transcend national
borders and cultures
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - AnswersLays down principles that should be adhered to
irrespective of the culture in which one is doing business.
Adopted by the United Nations and ratified by almost every country.
Justice theories - AnswersFocus on the attainment of a just distribution of economic goods and services.
A just distribution is a distribution of goods and services that is considered fair and equitable.
Veil of Ignorance - AnswersMaking decisions with a blind eye to extraneous factors that could affect the
decision
Difference Principle - AnswersInequalities are justified if they benefit the position of the least
advantaged person
Five step process to think through ethical problems - Answers1:How would it affect stakeholders?
2:Violate the fundamental rights of any stakeholders?
3:Establish moral intent
4:Engage in ethical behavior
5:Audit decisions to make sure they are consistent with ethical principles