NCLEX-PN Pharmacology
1. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEI): Tx primary and secondaryHTN. Inhibit
conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. All generic names includePRIL. EX:
Benzepril/Lotensin, Linsinopril/Zestril, Captopril/Capoten, Enalapril/Va- sotec,
Fosinopril/Monopril, Moexipril/Univas, Quinapril/Acupril, Ramipril/Altace
2. Side Effects of ACEI: "HypotensionHacking Cough
N/V Rashes
Angioedema"
3. Nsg Considerations of ACEI: "Monitor VS frequentlyMonitor WBC count
Monitor the K+ and Creatinine levelsMonitor electrolyte levels"
4. "Beta Adrenergic Blockers
(Beta Blockers)": "Help lower BP, pulse rate, and Cardiac output. Used to TXmigraine
headache, other vascular headaches, gluacoma, prevent MI.
Block sympathetic vasomotor response. End in OLOL. EX: Acebutolol/Moni-
tan, Atenolol/Tenormin, Carvedilol/Coreg, Esmolol/Brevibloc, Propanolol/Inderal,Toprol-
XL/Metoprolol."
5. Side Effects of Beta Blockers: "Orthostatic HypotensionBradycardia
N/V Diarrhea
May mask hypoglycemic symptoms"
6. Nsg Considerations for Beta Blockers: "Monitor BP, HR, RhythmMonitor s/s of Edema,
assess lung sounds for rales and rhonchi.
Monitor for changes in lab values: Protein, BUN, Creatinine= indicate nephroticsyndrome"
7. PT teaching for Beta Blockers: "Rise slowly
Report Bradycardia, dizziness, confusion, depression, fever.Taper off medication"
8. "Anti-Infectives
(Aminoglycosides)": "Bactericidals/Bacteriostatics
Interfere with protein synthesis of bacteria. End in CIN/MYCIN. EX: Gentam-
icin/Garamycin, Kanamycin/Kantrex, Neomycin/Mycifradin, Streptomycin/Strepto-mycin,
Tobramycin/Tobex, Amikacin/Amikin"
9. Side Effects of Aminoglycosides: "OtotoxicityNephrotoxicity
Seizures
Blood DyscrasiasHypotension Rash"
10. Nsg Consideration of Aminoglycosides: "Obtain Hx of allergiesMonitor I&O
, Monitor VS during IV InfusionMaintain a patent IV site Monitor therapeutic levels
Monitor S/S of nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity.
Teach pt to report changes in urinary elimination.
Monitor Peak/Trough (PEAK-should be done 30-60 minutes after the 3 or 4 dose,
60 minutes after the 3 or 4 IM dose. TROUGH- drawn 5 minutes before next dose.)These
drugs frequently used to tx super infections like MRSA."
11. "Benzodiazepines
(Anticonvulsant/ Antianxiety)": Used for Anxiety/ anticonvulsant effects. End in
PAM/PATE/LAM. Sedative, hypnotic. EX: Clonazepam/Klonopin, Diazepam/Valium,
Chlordiazepoxide/Librium, Lorazepam/Ativan, Flurazepam/Dalmane.
12. Side Effects of Benzodiazepines: "DrowsinessLethargy
Ataxia Depression Restlessness Slurred SpeechBradycardia Hypotension Diplopia Nystagmus
N/V Constipation Incontinence
Urinary Retention
Resp. DepressionRash
Urticaria"
13. Nsg Considerations of Benzodiazepines: "Monitor respirationsmonitor liver function
Monitor kidney function Monitor bone marrow function
Monitor for S/S of Chemical abuse"
14. Phenothiazines (Antipsychotic/ Antiemetic): Used as antiemetics, neurolep-tics, psychosis
(schizophrenia). Phenergan/Promethazine; Compazine/Prochlor- perzine used to tx N/V. Use
Z track for IM. If Pt allergic to one, may be allergic to all. If so give benedryl and Cogentin.
End in ZINE. EX: Chlopromazine/Thorazine, Prochlorperazine/Compazine,
Trifluoperazine/Stelazine, Promethazine/Phenergan,Fluphenazine/Prolixin.
15. Side Effects of Phenothiazine: "Extrapyramidal effectsDrowsiness
Sedation
Orthostatic HypotensionDry mouth
AgranulocytosisPhotosensitivity
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome"
16. Nsg Considerations for Phenothiazines: "Protect the meds from sunlight, Dont mix the
liquid forms of Prolixin with any beverage containing caffeine, tannates,or pectin d/t physical
incompatibility."
1. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEI): Tx primary and secondaryHTN. Inhibit
conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. All generic names includePRIL. EX:
Benzepril/Lotensin, Linsinopril/Zestril, Captopril/Capoten, Enalapril/Va- sotec,
Fosinopril/Monopril, Moexipril/Univas, Quinapril/Acupril, Ramipril/Altace
2. Side Effects of ACEI: "HypotensionHacking Cough
N/V Rashes
Angioedema"
3. Nsg Considerations of ACEI: "Monitor VS frequentlyMonitor WBC count
Monitor the K+ and Creatinine levelsMonitor electrolyte levels"
4. "Beta Adrenergic Blockers
(Beta Blockers)": "Help lower BP, pulse rate, and Cardiac output. Used to TXmigraine
headache, other vascular headaches, gluacoma, prevent MI.
Block sympathetic vasomotor response. End in OLOL. EX: Acebutolol/Moni-
tan, Atenolol/Tenormin, Carvedilol/Coreg, Esmolol/Brevibloc, Propanolol/Inderal,Toprol-
XL/Metoprolol."
5. Side Effects of Beta Blockers: "Orthostatic HypotensionBradycardia
N/V Diarrhea
May mask hypoglycemic symptoms"
6. Nsg Considerations for Beta Blockers: "Monitor BP, HR, RhythmMonitor s/s of Edema,
assess lung sounds for rales and rhonchi.
Monitor for changes in lab values: Protein, BUN, Creatinine= indicate nephroticsyndrome"
7. PT teaching for Beta Blockers: "Rise slowly
Report Bradycardia, dizziness, confusion, depression, fever.Taper off medication"
8. "Anti-Infectives
(Aminoglycosides)": "Bactericidals/Bacteriostatics
Interfere with protein synthesis of bacteria. End in CIN/MYCIN. EX: Gentam-
icin/Garamycin, Kanamycin/Kantrex, Neomycin/Mycifradin, Streptomycin/Strepto-mycin,
Tobramycin/Tobex, Amikacin/Amikin"
9. Side Effects of Aminoglycosides: "OtotoxicityNephrotoxicity
Seizures
Blood DyscrasiasHypotension Rash"
10. Nsg Consideration of Aminoglycosides: "Obtain Hx of allergiesMonitor I&O
, Monitor VS during IV InfusionMaintain a patent IV site Monitor therapeutic levels
Monitor S/S of nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity.
Teach pt to report changes in urinary elimination.
Monitor Peak/Trough (PEAK-should be done 30-60 minutes after the 3 or 4 dose,
60 minutes after the 3 or 4 IM dose. TROUGH- drawn 5 minutes before next dose.)These
drugs frequently used to tx super infections like MRSA."
11. "Benzodiazepines
(Anticonvulsant/ Antianxiety)": Used for Anxiety/ anticonvulsant effects. End in
PAM/PATE/LAM. Sedative, hypnotic. EX: Clonazepam/Klonopin, Diazepam/Valium,
Chlordiazepoxide/Librium, Lorazepam/Ativan, Flurazepam/Dalmane.
12. Side Effects of Benzodiazepines: "DrowsinessLethargy
Ataxia Depression Restlessness Slurred SpeechBradycardia Hypotension Diplopia Nystagmus
N/V Constipation Incontinence
Urinary Retention
Resp. DepressionRash
Urticaria"
13. Nsg Considerations of Benzodiazepines: "Monitor respirationsmonitor liver function
Monitor kidney function Monitor bone marrow function
Monitor for S/S of Chemical abuse"
14. Phenothiazines (Antipsychotic/ Antiemetic): Used as antiemetics, neurolep-tics, psychosis
(schizophrenia). Phenergan/Promethazine; Compazine/Prochlor- perzine used to tx N/V. Use
Z track for IM. If Pt allergic to one, may be allergic to all. If so give benedryl and Cogentin.
End in ZINE. EX: Chlopromazine/Thorazine, Prochlorperazine/Compazine,
Trifluoperazine/Stelazine, Promethazine/Phenergan,Fluphenazine/Prolixin.
15. Side Effects of Phenothiazine: "Extrapyramidal effectsDrowsiness
Sedation
Orthostatic HypotensionDry mouth
AgranulocytosisPhotosensitivity
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome"
16. Nsg Considerations for Phenothiazines: "Protect the meds from sunlight, Dont mix the
liquid forms of Prolixin with any beverage containing caffeine, tannates,or pectin d/t physical
incompatibility."
