2023-2024 HESI Pharmacology V1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d4482f
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
Rationale:
A nurse is caring for a client with hyper- The normal serum calcium level is 8.6
parathyroidism and notes that the client's to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and
medication should the nurse prepare to calcium chloride are medications used
administer as prescribed to the client?1. for the treatment of tetany, which occurs
Calcium chloride as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hy-
2. Calcium gluconate percalcemia, large doses of vitamin D
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid
4. Large doses of vitamin D hormone, decreases the plasma calcium
level by inhibiting bone resorption and
lowering the serum calcium concentra-
tion.
4. Orange juice
Oral iron supplements are prescribed for
a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency Rationale:
anemia. The nurse instructs the mother Vitamin C increases the absorption of
to administer the iron with which best iron by the body. The mother should be
food item? instructed to administer the medication
1. Milk with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high
2. Water in vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption
3. Apple juice of the iron. Water will not assist in ab-
4. Orange juice sorption. Orange juice contains a greater
amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client 1. Tinnitus
with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse
monitors the client, knowing that which Rationale:
of the following would indicate the pres- Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through
ence of systemic toxicity from this med- the skin, and systemic toxicity (sali-
ication? cylism) can result. Symptoms include tin-
1. Tinnitus nitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and psycho-
2. Diarrhea logical disturbances. Constipation and
3. Constipation diarrhea are not associated with sali-
4. Decreased Respirations cylism.
The camp nurse asks the children
preparing to swim in the lake if they have
, 2023-2024 HESI Pharmacology V1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d4482f
applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to
the children that chemical sunscreens the sun
are most effective when applied:
1. Immediately before swimming Rationale:
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun Sunscreens are most effective when ap-
3. Immediately before exposure to the plied at least 30 minutes before exposure
sun to the sun so that they can penetrate the
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied
the sun after swimming or sweating
3. Informing the client that this is normal
Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is pre-
scribed for the client with a burn injury.
Rationale:
When applying the medication, the client
Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for
complains of local discomfort and burn-
gram-negative and gram-positive organ-
ing. Which of the following is the most
isms and is used to treat burns to re-
appropriate nursing action?
duce bacteria present in avascular tis-
1. Notifying the registered nurse
sues. The client should be informed that
2. Discontinuing the medication
the medication will cause local discom-
3. Informing the client that this is normal
fort and burning and that this is a normal
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed
reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are
to the burn site
incorrect
1.Hyperventilation
Rationale:
The burn client is receiving treatments of Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhy-
topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) to drase inhibitor and can suppress renal
the site of injury. The nurse monitors the excretion of acid, thereby causing aci-
client, knowing that which of the follow- dosis. Clients receiving this treatment
ing indicates that a systemic effect has should be monitored for signs of an
occurred?1.Hyperventilation acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation).
2.Elevated blood pressure If this occurs, the medication should be
3.Local pain at the burn site discontinued for 1 to 2 days. Options 3
4.Local rash at the burn site and 4 describe local rather than syef-
fects. An elevated blood pressure may be
expected from the pain that occurs with
a burn injury.
Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with 2. Triglyceride level
severe acne. Before the administration
, 2023-2024 HESI Pharmacology V1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d4482f
Rationale:
of this medication, the nurse anticipates
Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride lev-
that which laboratory test will be pre-
els. Blood triglyceride levels should be
scribed?
measured before treatment and period-
1. Platelet count
ically thereafter until the effect on the
2. Triglyceride level
triglycerides has been evaluated. Op-
3. Complete blood count
tions 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be mon-
4. White blood cell count
itored specifically during this treatment.
1. Vitamin A
A client with severe acne is seen in
the clinic and the health care provider
Rationale:
(HCP) prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse
Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A
reviews the client's medication record
and can produce generalized intensifica-
and would contact the (HCP) if the client
tion of isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the
is taking which medication?
potential for increased toxicity, vitamin
1. Vitamin A
A supplements should be discontinued
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3,
3. Furosemide (Lasix)
and 4 are not contraindicated with the
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
use of isotretinoin
The nurse is applying a topical corticos-
2. Axilla
teroid to a client with eczema. The nurse
would monitor for the potential for in-
Rationale:
creased systemic absorption of the med-
Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed
ication if the medication were being ap-
into the systemic circulation. Absorption
plied to which of the following body ar-
is higher from regions where the skin is
eas?
especially permeable (scalp, axilla, face,
1. Back
eyelids, neck, perineum, genitalia), and
2. Axilla
lower from regions in which permeability
3. Soles of the feet
is poor (back, palms, soles).
4. Palms of the hands
The clinic nurse is performing an admis- 1. Acne
sion assessment on a client. The nurse
notes that the client is taking azelaic acid Rationale:
(Azelex). Because of the medication pre- Azelaic acid is a topical medication used
scription, the nurse would suspect that to treat mild to moderate acne. The
the client is being treated for: acid appears to work by suppressing
1. Acne the growth of Propionibacterium acnes
2. Eczema and decreasing the proliferation of ker-
, 2023-2024 HESI Pharmacology V1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d4482f
3. Hair loss atinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incor-
4. Herpes simplex rect.
The health care provider has prescribed
silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) for the
client with a partial-thickness burn, which
has cultured positive for gram-negative 3. "The medication will permanently stain
bacteria. The nurse is reinforcing infor- my skin."
mation to the client about the medication.
Which statement made by the client indi- Rationale:
cates a lack of understanding about the Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) is an an-
treatments? tibacterial that has a broad spectrum of
1. "The medication is an antibacterial." activity against gram-negative bacteria,
2. "The medication will help heal the gram-positive bacteria, and yeast. It is
burn." applied directly to the wound to assist in
3. "The medication will permanently stain healing. It does not stain the skin.
my skin."
4. "The medication should be applied di-
rectly to the wound."
A nurse is caring for a client who is re- 1. Notify the registered nurse.
ceiving an intravenous (IV) infusion of
an antineoplastic medication. During the Rationale:
infusion, the client complains of pain at When antineoplastic medications
the insertion site. During an inspection (Chemotherapeutic Agents) are admin-
of the site, the nurse notes redness and istered via IV, great care must be taken
swelling and that the rate of infusion of to prevent the medication from escaping
the medication has slowed. The nurse into the tissues surrounding the injection
should take which appropriate action? site, because pain, tissue damage, and
1. Notify the registered nurse. necrosis can result. The nurse monitors
2. Administer pain medication to reduce for signs of extravasation, such as red-
the discomfort. ness or swelling at the insertion site and
3. Apply ice and maintain the infusion a decreased infusion rate. If extravasa-
rate, as prescribed. tion occurs, the registered nurse needs
4. Elevate the extremity of the IV site, and to be notified; he or she will then contact
slow the infusion the health care provider.
4. Pulmonary function studies
Rationale:
Bleomycin is an antineoplastic med-
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d4482f
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
Rationale:
A nurse is caring for a client with hyper- The normal serum calcium level is 8.6
parathyroidism and notes that the client's to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and
medication should the nurse prepare to calcium chloride are medications used
administer as prescribed to the client?1. for the treatment of tetany, which occurs
Calcium chloride as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hy-
2. Calcium gluconate percalcemia, large doses of vitamin D
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid
4. Large doses of vitamin D hormone, decreases the plasma calcium
level by inhibiting bone resorption and
lowering the serum calcium concentra-
tion.
4. Orange juice
Oral iron supplements are prescribed for
a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency Rationale:
anemia. The nurse instructs the mother Vitamin C increases the absorption of
to administer the iron with which best iron by the body. The mother should be
food item? instructed to administer the medication
1. Milk with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high
2. Water in vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption
3. Apple juice of the iron. Water will not assist in ab-
4. Orange juice sorption. Orange juice contains a greater
amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client 1. Tinnitus
with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse
monitors the client, knowing that which Rationale:
of the following would indicate the pres- Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through
ence of systemic toxicity from this med- the skin, and systemic toxicity (sali-
ication? cylism) can result. Symptoms include tin-
1. Tinnitus nitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and psycho-
2. Diarrhea logical disturbances. Constipation and
3. Constipation diarrhea are not associated with sali-
4. Decreased Respirations cylism.
The camp nurse asks the children
preparing to swim in the lake if they have
, 2023-2024 HESI Pharmacology V1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d4482f
applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to
the children that chemical sunscreens the sun
are most effective when applied:
1. Immediately before swimming Rationale:
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun Sunscreens are most effective when ap-
3. Immediately before exposure to the plied at least 30 minutes before exposure
sun to the sun so that they can penetrate the
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied
the sun after swimming or sweating
3. Informing the client that this is normal
Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is pre-
scribed for the client with a burn injury.
Rationale:
When applying the medication, the client
Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for
complains of local discomfort and burn-
gram-negative and gram-positive organ-
ing. Which of the following is the most
isms and is used to treat burns to re-
appropriate nursing action?
duce bacteria present in avascular tis-
1. Notifying the registered nurse
sues. The client should be informed that
2. Discontinuing the medication
the medication will cause local discom-
3. Informing the client that this is normal
fort and burning and that this is a normal
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed
reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are
to the burn site
incorrect
1.Hyperventilation
Rationale:
The burn client is receiving treatments of Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhy-
topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) to drase inhibitor and can suppress renal
the site of injury. The nurse monitors the excretion of acid, thereby causing aci-
client, knowing that which of the follow- dosis. Clients receiving this treatment
ing indicates that a systemic effect has should be monitored for signs of an
occurred?1.Hyperventilation acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation).
2.Elevated blood pressure If this occurs, the medication should be
3.Local pain at the burn site discontinued for 1 to 2 days. Options 3
4.Local rash at the burn site and 4 describe local rather than syef-
fects. An elevated blood pressure may be
expected from the pain that occurs with
a burn injury.
Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with 2. Triglyceride level
severe acne. Before the administration
, 2023-2024 HESI Pharmacology V1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d4482f
Rationale:
of this medication, the nurse anticipates
Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride lev-
that which laboratory test will be pre-
els. Blood triglyceride levels should be
scribed?
measured before treatment and period-
1. Platelet count
ically thereafter until the effect on the
2. Triglyceride level
triglycerides has been evaluated. Op-
3. Complete blood count
tions 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be mon-
4. White blood cell count
itored specifically during this treatment.
1. Vitamin A
A client with severe acne is seen in
the clinic and the health care provider
Rationale:
(HCP) prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse
Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A
reviews the client's medication record
and can produce generalized intensifica-
and would contact the (HCP) if the client
tion of isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the
is taking which medication?
potential for increased toxicity, vitamin
1. Vitamin A
A supplements should be discontinued
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3,
3. Furosemide (Lasix)
and 4 are not contraindicated with the
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
use of isotretinoin
The nurse is applying a topical corticos-
2. Axilla
teroid to a client with eczema. The nurse
would monitor for the potential for in-
Rationale:
creased systemic absorption of the med-
Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed
ication if the medication were being ap-
into the systemic circulation. Absorption
plied to which of the following body ar-
is higher from regions where the skin is
eas?
especially permeable (scalp, axilla, face,
1. Back
eyelids, neck, perineum, genitalia), and
2. Axilla
lower from regions in which permeability
3. Soles of the feet
is poor (back, palms, soles).
4. Palms of the hands
The clinic nurse is performing an admis- 1. Acne
sion assessment on a client. The nurse
notes that the client is taking azelaic acid Rationale:
(Azelex). Because of the medication pre- Azelaic acid is a topical medication used
scription, the nurse would suspect that to treat mild to moderate acne. The
the client is being treated for: acid appears to work by suppressing
1. Acne the growth of Propionibacterium acnes
2. Eczema and decreasing the proliferation of ker-
, 2023-2024 HESI Pharmacology V1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d4482f
3. Hair loss atinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incor-
4. Herpes simplex rect.
The health care provider has prescribed
silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) for the
client with a partial-thickness burn, which
has cultured positive for gram-negative 3. "The medication will permanently stain
bacteria. The nurse is reinforcing infor- my skin."
mation to the client about the medication.
Which statement made by the client indi- Rationale:
cates a lack of understanding about the Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) is an an-
treatments? tibacterial that has a broad spectrum of
1. "The medication is an antibacterial." activity against gram-negative bacteria,
2. "The medication will help heal the gram-positive bacteria, and yeast. It is
burn." applied directly to the wound to assist in
3. "The medication will permanently stain healing. It does not stain the skin.
my skin."
4. "The medication should be applied di-
rectly to the wound."
A nurse is caring for a client who is re- 1. Notify the registered nurse.
ceiving an intravenous (IV) infusion of
an antineoplastic medication. During the Rationale:
infusion, the client complains of pain at When antineoplastic medications
the insertion site. During an inspection (Chemotherapeutic Agents) are admin-
of the site, the nurse notes redness and istered via IV, great care must be taken
swelling and that the rate of infusion of to prevent the medication from escaping
the medication has slowed. The nurse into the tissues surrounding the injection
should take which appropriate action? site, because pain, tissue damage, and
1. Notify the registered nurse. necrosis can result. The nurse monitors
2. Administer pain medication to reduce for signs of extravasation, such as red-
the discomfort. ness or swelling at the insertion site and
3. Apply ice and maintain the infusion a decreased infusion rate. If extravasa-
rate, as prescribed. tion occurs, the registered nurse needs
4. Elevate the extremity of the IV site, and to be notified; he or she will then contact
slow the infusion the health care provider.
4. Pulmonary function studies
Rationale:
Bleomycin is an antineoplastic med-
