CMY3701
ASSIGNMENT 1 SEMESTER 2 2025
UNIQUE NO.
DUE DATE: 18 AUGUST 2025
, QUESTION 2
2.1 Critically analyse how environmental and community-level factors, as
explained by Social Ecology Theory and Social Disorganisation Theory, may have
influenced the learner’s behaviour. In your discussion, consider how structural
issues like poverty, family disruption, and urban decay may contribute to violent
crime. (20 marks)
Introduction
The murder of teacher Matefo Mphosela by a Grade 12 learner in Ikgomotseng
township presents a serious concern regarding violence in impoverished communities.
Both Social Ecology Theory and Social Disorganisation Theory provide insight into
how environmental and structural factors contribute to deviant or violent behaviours,
particularly among youth. These theories suggest that crime is not simply a result of
individual choice, but rather deeply rooted in the social and physical breakdown of
communities.
Social Ecology Theory
Developed by the Chicago School, particularly by Park and Burgess, Social Ecology
Theory explores the relationship between individuals and their social environments. It
highlights how urban environments, characterised by poverty, transience, and
overcrowding, impact behaviour (Park et al., 1925). According to this theory:
Urban decay—including abandoned buildings, poor infrastructure, and lack of
community resources—creates an environment conducive to criminal behaviour.
Individuals living in ecologically "disadvantaged" zones may lack opportunities for
legitimate success and are often exposed to violence or antisocial norms,
increasing their risk of becoming offenders.
In Ikgomotseng township, it is likely that such ecological conditions are present. The
learner’s exposure to a deteriorating environment may have contributed to
ASSIGNMENT 1 SEMESTER 2 2025
UNIQUE NO.
DUE DATE: 18 AUGUST 2025
, QUESTION 2
2.1 Critically analyse how environmental and community-level factors, as
explained by Social Ecology Theory and Social Disorganisation Theory, may have
influenced the learner’s behaviour. In your discussion, consider how structural
issues like poverty, family disruption, and urban decay may contribute to violent
crime. (20 marks)
Introduction
The murder of teacher Matefo Mphosela by a Grade 12 learner in Ikgomotseng
township presents a serious concern regarding violence in impoverished communities.
Both Social Ecology Theory and Social Disorganisation Theory provide insight into
how environmental and structural factors contribute to deviant or violent behaviours,
particularly among youth. These theories suggest that crime is not simply a result of
individual choice, but rather deeply rooted in the social and physical breakdown of
communities.
Social Ecology Theory
Developed by the Chicago School, particularly by Park and Burgess, Social Ecology
Theory explores the relationship between individuals and their social environments. It
highlights how urban environments, characterised by poverty, transience, and
overcrowding, impact behaviour (Park et al., 1925). According to this theory:
Urban decay—including abandoned buildings, poor infrastructure, and lack of
community resources—creates an environment conducive to criminal behaviour.
Individuals living in ecologically "disadvantaged" zones may lack opportunities for
legitimate success and are often exposed to violence or antisocial norms,
increasing their risk of becoming offenders.
In Ikgomotseng township, it is likely that such ecological conditions are present. The
learner’s exposure to a deteriorating environment may have contributed to
