1
NSG 320
NSG 320/ NSG320 | Exam 2 | Questions
& Answers| Grade A| 100% Correct |
(NEW 2025/ 2026) GCU
1. What is primary hypertension (essential)?: No identifiable cause
2. What percentage of cases are primary hypertension?: 90-95%
3. What is secondary hypertension?: Elevated BP with a specific cause
4. Who should we suspect secondary hypertension in?: Suddenly
develop high
BP
5. Who do we often find secondary hypertension in?: obstructive
sleep apnea
6. What can be the cause of secondary hypertension?: - cirrhosis of
the liver - coarctation or narrowing of the aorta
- drug related (estrogen replacement therapy, oral contraceptives,
corticosteroids)
NSG 320
,- Endocrine problems
- Neurological problems
- Pregnancy-induced
- Renal disease - sleep apnea
7. Who has a higher rate of primary hypertension?: - African
Americans - Hispanics
8. Who has the highest death rate from hypertension?: Blacks
9. What is the most common type of hypertension?: Primary
hypertension
10. What is stage 1 of hypertension?: - Systolic 130-139
- Diastolic 80-89
11. What is stage 2 hypertension?: - Systolic: 140 or higher
- Diastolic: 90 or higher
12. What is hypertensive crisis?: - Systolic over 180
- Diastolic over 120
13. What are some signs of secondary hypertension?: -
Dizziness - Palpitations
,-
- Angina
- Dyspnea
14. What signs may we see in heart failure?: - shortness of
breath on exertion - paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - fatigue
15. What are some complications of hypertension?: -
Congestive heart failure - Stroke
- Heart attack
- Peripheral vascular disease
- Renal failure
- Retinal damage
16. When high amounts of sodium are taken in, what can this
cause?: primary hypertension
17. What are some risk factors for primary hypertension?: -
Age (rises with age)
- Alcohol usage (1 to 2 drinks for men; 1 for women)
- Diabetes (when coexist, complications more severe)
- Family history
, - Gender (more present in men in young adulthood and early middle age)
18. Defects in glucose, insulin, and lipoprotein metabolism are
common in: -
Primary hypertension
19. Why is hypertension labeled the silent killer?: -
asymptomatic until it is severe and target organ disease occur
20. How can we diagnose hypertension?: - BP measurement
(take the higher between the two)
- History and physical assessment with ophthalmic (eye) examination
(checking retinal damage)
- Labs: Basic metabolic panel w/ eGFR, BUN, CBC, lipid profile (this is for
kidney function)
- ECG (checking for ventricular fatigue)
26. What is the goal for care of hypertension?: - Achieving and
maintaining goal
BP
- Reducing CV risk and target organ disease
NSG 320
NSG 320/ NSG320 | Exam 2 | Questions
& Answers| Grade A| 100% Correct |
(NEW 2025/ 2026) GCU
1. What is primary hypertension (essential)?: No identifiable cause
2. What percentage of cases are primary hypertension?: 90-95%
3. What is secondary hypertension?: Elevated BP with a specific cause
4. Who should we suspect secondary hypertension in?: Suddenly
develop high
BP
5. Who do we often find secondary hypertension in?: obstructive
sleep apnea
6. What can be the cause of secondary hypertension?: - cirrhosis of
the liver - coarctation or narrowing of the aorta
- drug related (estrogen replacement therapy, oral contraceptives,
corticosteroids)
NSG 320
,- Endocrine problems
- Neurological problems
- Pregnancy-induced
- Renal disease - sleep apnea
7. Who has a higher rate of primary hypertension?: - African
Americans - Hispanics
8. Who has the highest death rate from hypertension?: Blacks
9. What is the most common type of hypertension?: Primary
hypertension
10. What is stage 1 of hypertension?: - Systolic 130-139
- Diastolic 80-89
11. What is stage 2 hypertension?: - Systolic: 140 or higher
- Diastolic: 90 or higher
12. What is hypertensive crisis?: - Systolic over 180
- Diastolic over 120
13. What are some signs of secondary hypertension?: -
Dizziness - Palpitations
,-
- Angina
- Dyspnea
14. What signs may we see in heart failure?: - shortness of
breath on exertion - paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - fatigue
15. What are some complications of hypertension?: -
Congestive heart failure - Stroke
- Heart attack
- Peripheral vascular disease
- Renal failure
- Retinal damage
16. When high amounts of sodium are taken in, what can this
cause?: primary hypertension
17. What are some risk factors for primary hypertension?: -
Age (rises with age)
- Alcohol usage (1 to 2 drinks for men; 1 for women)
- Diabetes (when coexist, complications more severe)
- Family history
, - Gender (more present in men in young adulthood and early middle age)
18. Defects in glucose, insulin, and lipoprotein metabolism are
common in: -
Primary hypertension
19. Why is hypertension labeled the silent killer?: -
asymptomatic until it is severe and target organ disease occur
20. How can we diagnose hypertension?: - BP measurement
(take the higher between the two)
- History and physical assessment with ophthalmic (eye) examination
(checking retinal damage)
- Labs: Basic metabolic panel w/ eGFR, BUN, CBC, lipid profile (this is for
kidney function)
- ECG (checking for ventricular fatigue)
26. What is the goal for care of hypertension?: - Achieving and
maintaining goal
BP
- Reducing CV risk and target organ disease
