UTA INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY:
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Interviews - ANSWER-are another common form of gathering qualitative data. We
can learn how and why people do things by asking them about it.
content analysis - ANSWER-is a systematic analysis of the content rather than the
structure of a communication, such as a written work, speech, or film.
Ethnocentrism - ANSWER-Belief in the superiority of one's nation or ethnic group.
participant observation - ANSWER-is a qualitative research method that seeks to
uncover the meanings people give their social actions by observing their behavior in
practice.
material culture - ANSWER-is everything that is a part of our constructed
environment, such as books, fashion, and monuments.
Resocialization - ANSWER-the process of learning new norms, values, attitudes,
and behaviors
Status - ANSWER-Is a position in society that comes with a set of expectations
Values - ANSWER-the ideas, beliefs, and attitudes about what is important that help
guide the way you live
Taboos - ANSWER-Norms that are widely observed and have great moral
significance
etiquette - ANSWER-Norms for routine or casual interaction
Sanctions - ANSWER-Rewards or punishments that encourage conformity to cultural
norms
Socialization - ANSWER-the process by which individuals internalize the values,
beliefs, and norms of a given society and learn to function as members of that
society
Subculture - ANSWER-a group united by sets of concepts, values, traits, and/or
behavioral patterns that distinguish it from others within the same culture or society.
culture shock - ANSWER-is doubt, confusion, or anxiety arising from immersion in an
unfamiliar culture.
Culture change - ANSWER-Some parts of a cultural system change faster than
others
, cultural lag - ANSWER-is the time gap between the appearance of a new technology
and the words and practices that give it meaning.
Media - ANSWER-any formats or vehicles that carry, present, or communicate
information—including books, magazines, television shows, movies, posters, web
pages, clay tablets, and radio.
media effects - ANSWER-Short-term and deliberate: advertising (buy our product the
next time you go to the store)•
Long-term and deliberate: a campaign
culture jamming - ANSWER-the act of turning media against themselves
role strain - ANSWER-occurs when roles associated with a single status clash.
role conflict - ANSWER-occurs when the roles associated with one status clash with
the roles associated with a different status.
Social Deviance - ANSWER-any transgression of socially established norms
social control - ANSWER-is the set of mechanisms that create normative compliance
in individuals.
Broken Windows Theory - ANSWER-theory explaining how social context and social
cues impact whether individuals act deviant; specifically, whether local, informal
social norms allow deviant acts
Rebels (strain theory) - ANSWER-don't accept the goals of the society or the means
of achieving those goals, so they create their own goals using new means.
innovators (strain theory) - ANSWER-The strain is the frustration that
occurs between knowing what the
goals are and not being able to
achieve those goals.
Retreatists (Strain Theory) - ANSWER-don't accept the goals of the society or the
means of achieving those goals
Ritualists (strain theory) - ANSWER-conform to socially accepted standards but have
lost sight of the underlying values of these standards.
recidivism - ANSWER-occurs when a person who has been involved in the criminal
justice system reverts to criminal behavior.
Conformist (strain theory) - ANSWER-accept the goals of the society and the means
of achieving those goals.
punitive justice - ANSWER-focuses on making the violator suffer, and thus defines
the boundaries of acceptable behavior.
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Interviews - ANSWER-are another common form of gathering qualitative data. We
can learn how and why people do things by asking them about it.
content analysis - ANSWER-is a systematic analysis of the content rather than the
structure of a communication, such as a written work, speech, or film.
Ethnocentrism - ANSWER-Belief in the superiority of one's nation or ethnic group.
participant observation - ANSWER-is a qualitative research method that seeks to
uncover the meanings people give their social actions by observing their behavior in
practice.
material culture - ANSWER-is everything that is a part of our constructed
environment, such as books, fashion, and monuments.
Resocialization - ANSWER-the process of learning new norms, values, attitudes,
and behaviors
Status - ANSWER-Is a position in society that comes with a set of expectations
Values - ANSWER-the ideas, beliefs, and attitudes about what is important that help
guide the way you live
Taboos - ANSWER-Norms that are widely observed and have great moral
significance
etiquette - ANSWER-Norms for routine or casual interaction
Sanctions - ANSWER-Rewards or punishments that encourage conformity to cultural
norms
Socialization - ANSWER-the process by which individuals internalize the values,
beliefs, and norms of a given society and learn to function as members of that
society
Subculture - ANSWER-a group united by sets of concepts, values, traits, and/or
behavioral patterns that distinguish it from others within the same culture or society.
culture shock - ANSWER-is doubt, confusion, or anxiety arising from immersion in an
unfamiliar culture.
Culture change - ANSWER-Some parts of a cultural system change faster than
others
, cultural lag - ANSWER-is the time gap between the appearance of a new technology
and the words and practices that give it meaning.
Media - ANSWER-any formats or vehicles that carry, present, or communicate
information—including books, magazines, television shows, movies, posters, web
pages, clay tablets, and radio.
media effects - ANSWER-Short-term and deliberate: advertising (buy our product the
next time you go to the store)•
Long-term and deliberate: a campaign
culture jamming - ANSWER-the act of turning media against themselves
role strain - ANSWER-occurs when roles associated with a single status clash.
role conflict - ANSWER-occurs when the roles associated with one status clash with
the roles associated with a different status.
Social Deviance - ANSWER-any transgression of socially established norms
social control - ANSWER-is the set of mechanisms that create normative compliance
in individuals.
Broken Windows Theory - ANSWER-theory explaining how social context and social
cues impact whether individuals act deviant; specifically, whether local, informal
social norms allow deviant acts
Rebels (strain theory) - ANSWER-don't accept the goals of the society or the means
of achieving those goals, so they create their own goals using new means.
innovators (strain theory) - ANSWER-The strain is the frustration that
occurs between knowing what the
goals are and not being able to
achieve those goals.
Retreatists (Strain Theory) - ANSWER-don't accept the goals of the society or the
means of achieving those goals
Ritualists (strain theory) - ANSWER-conform to socially accepted standards but have
lost sight of the underlying values of these standards.
recidivism - ANSWER-occurs when a person who has been involved in the criminal
justice system reverts to criminal behavior.
Conformist (strain theory) - ANSWER-accept the goals of the society and the means
of achieving those goals.
punitive justice - ANSWER-focuses on making the violator suffer, and thus defines
the boundaries of acceptable behavior.
