Pathophysiology NUR 521 Exam 3 |279 Answered
Questions
Which component of the epidermis initiates immune responses and provides a
defense against environmental antigens? - -Langerhans cells
-Which cells of the dermis release histamine and play a role in the hypersensitivity
reactions of the skin? - -Mast cells
-Which cells of the dermis secrete connective tissue matrix? - -Fibroblasts
-Which gland releases secretions that are important in thermoregulation and cooling
of the body through evaporation? - -Eccrine
-Which receptors of the sympathetic nervous system regulate heat loss through the
skin? - -α-Adrenergic
-Which type of dressings should the healthcare professional apply to pressure
ulcers? - -Flat, moisture-retaining
-Keloids are caused by excessive amounts of which substance in the corneum
during connective tissue repair? - -Collagen
-In allergic contact dermatitis, which cells possess the antigens and present them to
T cells? - -Langerhan cells
-In latex allergies, which immunoglobulin (Ig) is associated with an immediate
reaction? - -IgE
-A healthcare professional assesses a patient who presents with a single lesion on
the trunk that is circular, demarcated, and salmon pink. The lesion measures
approximately 3 to 4 cm in diameter. What treatment option does the professional
educate the patient about? - -Oral erythromycin regime
-Cutaneous vasculitis develops from the deposit of which substance? - -Immune
complexes
-The student learns that which skin lesion is mediated by the immunoglobulin E
(IgE)-stimulated release of histamine, bradykinin, or kallikrein from mast cells? - -
Uticaria
-A patient with scleroderma asks the healthcare professional how this condition was
acquired. What response is best? - -Auto antibodies
-A healthcare professional assesses a patient who has elevated lesions on the face
that are waxy and yellowish. What condition does the professional discuss with the
patient? - -Seborrheic keratosis
, -Lesions that usually have depressed centers with rolled borders and are frequently
located on the face and neck characterize which malignancy? - -Basal cell
carcinoma
-The student learns that alteration of which gene is associated with basal cell
carcinoma? - -TP53
-Bowen disease is a form of which type of cancer? - -Squamous cell carcinoma
-A patient has an intradermal nevus. What assessment does the healthcare
professional know is consistent with this lesion? - -Regular edges with bristle-like
hairs
-Which cell is thought to be the progenitor cell of Kaposi sarcoma? - -Endothelial
-A patient is brought to the Emergency Department with cold, white, waxy fingers
and toes. The patient denies pain. Which intervention does the healthcare
professional provide as the priority? - -Immersing in warm water
-A patient was hospitalized with frostbite and is receiving ibuprofen. The patient asks
the healthcare professional to explain the rationale for the drug. What is the best
response? - -Inhibiting prostaglandins
-A patient has an onychomycosis. Where would the healthcare professional assess
this disorder? - -Fingernail
-A patient has a furuncle. Where would the healthcare professional assess the
patient for this condition? - -Hair follicles
-What effects does normal aging have on the wound healing process? - -Decreased
cell proliferation
Decreased blood supply
Depressed immune responses
-Which information does the student learn about a nevus? - -A nevus is an
aggregation of melanocytes.
Nevi begin to form at the ages of 3 to 5 years.
Nevi share a relationship with melanoma.
-What information does the student learn about Kaposi sarcoma? - -Kaposi sarcoma
is a vascular malignancy.
It is associated with drug-induced immunosuppression.
Kaposi sarcoma is associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
-A patient has psoriasis. Which drug classifications does the healthcare professional
advise the patient to avoid if possible? - -Beta Blockers
-Which inflammatory mediators are active in frostbite? - -Histamine
Prostaglandins
Bradykinin
, -A woman has developed hirsutism. What conditions should the healthcare
professional assess her for? (Select all that apply.) - -Adrenal hyperplasia
Polycystic ovaries
-Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is elevated in atopic dermatitis? - -IgE
-Which leukocytes are elevated in atopic dermatitis? - -Eosinophils
-The disruption in cellular adhesion observed in bullous impetigo is caused by an
exfoliative toxin related to which organism? - -Staphylococcus aureus
-A parent of a child in a crowded daycare is worried about the staff passing on a
bacterial infection to the child. Which infection would be most likely? - -Impetigo
-A parent reports a child has skin lesions that rupture, creating a thin, flat, honey-
colored crust. What treatment does the healthcare professional educate the parent
about? - -Topical mupirocin
-Parents do not want the child to contract tinea corporis. Which animal would they
limit the child's exposure to? - -Kittens
-The student learns that the cause of molluscum contagiosum is which of these? - -
Viral
-A child has white plaque in the mouth with a few shallow ulcers. What treatment
does the healthcare professional educate the parent about? - -Nystatin oral
suspension
-The healthcare professional is teaching a group of new parents about childhood
diseases. What does the professional tell them the incubation period for rubella is? -
-14-21 days
-Rubella (German or 3-day measles) is caused by what type of organism? - -Virus
-Rubeola is a highly contagious acute disease in children caused by which type of
infection? - -Viral
-A student cannot remember the differences between rubeola and rubella. Which
clinical manifestation does the healthcare professional tell the student is present in
rubeola but not in rubella? - -Conjunctivitis
-A preschool teacher notices a child who has burrows on the hands that are several
millimeters to 1 cm long, papules, and vesicular lesions. What other assessment
finding would help the teacher determine the type of infestation the child has? - -Ask
the child if the itching occurs especially at night
-Which contagious disease creates a primary skin lesion that is a pinpointed
macule, papule, or wheal with hemorrhagic puncture site? - -Pediculosis
Questions
Which component of the epidermis initiates immune responses and provides a
defense against environmental antigens? - -Langerhans cells
-Which cells of the dermis release histamine and play a role in the hypersensitivity
reactions of the skin? - -Mast cells
-Which cells of the dermis secrete connective tissue matrix? - -Fibroblasts
-Which gland releases secretions that are important in thermoregulation and cooling
of the body through evaporation? - -Eccrine
-Which receptors of the sympathetic nervous system regulate heat loss through the
skin? - -α-Adrenergic
-Which type of dressings should the healthcare professional apply to pressure
ulcers? - -Flat, moisture-retaining
-Keloids are caused by excessive amounts of which substance in the corneum
during connective tissue repair? - -Collagen
-In allergic contact dermatitis, which cells possess the antigens and present them to
T cells? - -Langerhan cells
-In latex allergies, which immunoglobulin (Ig) is associated with an immediate
reaction? - -IgE
-A healthcare professional assesses a patient who presents with a single lesion on
the trunk that is circular, demarcated, and salmon pink. The lesion measures
approximately 3 to 4 cm in diameter. What treatment option does the professional
educate the patient about? - -Oral erythromycin regime
-Cutaneous vasculitis develops from the deposit of which substance? - -Immune
complexes
-The student learns that which skin lesion is mediated by the immunoglobulin E
(IgE)-stimulated release of histamine, bradykinin, or kallikrein from mast cells? - -
Uticaria
-A patient with scleroderma asks the healthcare professional how this condition was
acquired. What response is best? - -Auto antibodies
-A healthcare professional assesses a patient who has elevated lesions on the face
that are waxy and yellowish. What condition does the professional discuss with the
patient? - -Seborrheic keratosis
, -Lesions that usually have depressed centers with rolled borders and are frequently
located on the face and neck characterize which malignancy? - -Basal cell
carcinoma
-The student learns that alteration of which gene is associated with basal cell
carcinoma? - -TP53
-Bowen disease is a form of which type of cancer? - -Squamous cell carcinoma
-A patient has an intradermal nevus. What assessment does the healthcare
professional know is consistent with this lesion? - -Regular edges with bristle-like
hairs
-Which cell is thought to be the progenitor cell of Kaposi sarcoma? - -Endothelial
-A patient is brought to the Emergency Department with cold, white, waxy fingers
and toes. The patient denies pain. Which intervention does the healthcare
professional provide as the priority? - -Immersing in warm water
-A patient was hospitalized with frostbite and is receiving ibuprofen. The patient asks
the healthcare professional to explain the rationale for the drug. What is the best
response? - -Inhibiting prostaglandins
-A patient has an onychomycosis. Where would the healthcare professional assess
this disorder? - -Fingernail
-A patient has a furuncle. Where would the healthcare professional assess the
patient for this condition? - -Hair follicles
-What effects does normal aging have on the wound healing process? - -Decreased
cell proliferation
Decreased blood supply
Depressed immune responses
-Which information does the student learn about a nevus? - -A nevus is an
aggregation of melanocytes.
Nevi begin to form at the ages of 3 to 5 years.
Nevi share a relationship with melanoma.
-What information does the student learn about Kaposi sarcoma? - -Kaposi sarcoma
is a vascular malignancy.
It is associated with drug-induced immunosuppression.
Kaposi sarcoma is associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
-A patient has psoriasis. Which drug classifications does the healthcare professional
advise the patient to avoid if possible? - -Beta Blockers
-Which inflammatory mediators are active in frostbite? - -Histamine
Prostaglandins
Bradykinin
, -A woman has developed hirsutism. What conditions should the healthcare
professional assess her for? (Select all that apply.) - -Adrenal hyperplasia
Polycystic ovaries
-Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is elevated in atopic dermatitis? - -IgE
-Which leukocytes are elevated in atopic dermatitis? - -Eosinophils
-The disruption in cellular adhesion observed in bullous impetigo is caused by an
exfoliative toxin related to which organism? - -Staphylococcus aureus
-A parent of a child in a crowded daycare is worried about the staff passing on a
bacterial infection to the child. Which infection would be most likely? - -Impetigo
-A parent reports a child has skin lesions that rupture, creating a thin, flat, honey-
colored crust. What treatment does the healthcare professional educate the parent
about? - -Topical mupirocin
-Parents do not want the child to contract tinea corporis. Which animal would they
limit the child's exposure to? - -Kittens
-The student learns that the cause of molluscum contagiosum is which of these? - -
Viral
-A child has white plaque in the mouth with a few shallow ulcers. What treatment
does the healthcare professional educate the parent about? - -Nystatin oral
suspension
-The healthcare professional is teaching a group of new parents about childhood
diseases. What does the professional tell them the incubation period for rubella is? -
-14-21 days
-Rubella (German or 3-day measles) is caused by what type of organism? - -Virus
-Rubeola is a highly contagious acute disease in children caused by which type of
infection? - -Viral
-A student cannot remember the differences between rubeola and rubella. Which
clinical manifestation does the healthcare professional tell the student is present in
rubeola but not in rubella? - -Conjunctivitis
-A preschool teacher notices a child who has burrows on the hands that are several
millimeters to 1 cm long, papules, and vesicular lesions. What other assessment
finding would help the teacher determine the type of infestation the child has? - -Ask
the child if the itching occurs especially at night
-Which contagious disease creates a primary skin lesion that is a pinpointed
macule, papule, or wheal with hemorrhagic puncture site? - -Pediculosis
