EU policy and politics detailed and well explained question and answer. 2025. Latest update

EU policy and politics detailed and well explained


question and answer. 2025. Latest update




QUESTION: Monnet Method - ANSWER Refers to Jean Monnet's strategy to

integrate by stealth: to promote spillover from one economic field to the other

and eventually from market integration to political integration


QUESTION: Functional Spillover - ANSWER integration in economics will create

incentives for integration in other areas




QUESTION: Political Spillover - ANSWER Deliberated political process.

Government elites drive supranational cooperation.


Neo-Functionalism - ANSWER the theory that cooperation between states in

simple areas will lead to more complex cooperation in more complex areas; it is a

,leading explanation for regionalism and deepening political integration. Int'l

postal union led to greater confidence.




QUESTION: Cultivated Spillover - ANSWER Supranational officials will push for

further integration from above. (1986 Single European Act)




QUESTION: Elite Socialization - ANSWER People involved on a regular basis in

supranational policy making will tend to develop European loyalties and

preferences. This bureaucratic elite, in turn, will try to convince their national

elites of the advantages of supranational cooperation.




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QUESTION: Intergovernmentalism - ANSWER suggests that national

governments control the level and speed of European integration. Any increase in

power at supranational level results from a direct decision by governments.

, Integration, driven by national governments, was often based on the domestic

political and economic issues of the day.




QUESTION: Empty Chair Policy - ANSWER refers to the empty chair crisis that

affected the European Community after July 1965 when France boycotted the

meetings of the Council in opposition to Commission proposals addressing the

financing of the Common Agricultural Policy. France also insisted on a political

agreement concerning the role of the Commission and majority voting if it were

to participate again. This crisis was resolved thanks to the Luxembourg

Compromise in January 1966.




QUESTION: Luxembourg Compromise 1966 - ANSWER 1966, appease France,

member allowed to veto a proposal that directly affected its national interests,

but rather vague language of what that meant




QUESTION: Liberal intergovernmentalism - ANSWER Moravcsik's theory

which suggests that the classic theory of liberalism set precedent for a number of