NURS 6011 Health Assessment and
Fundamentals Exam 1 Questions With
Correct Answers
Primary |prevention |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Involves |strategies |aimed |at |preventing |problems.
|Immunizations, |health |teaching, |safety |precautions, |and |nutrition |counseling |are |examples
Secondary |prevention |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Includes |the |early |diagnosis |of |health |problems
|and |prompts |treatment |to |prevent |complications. |Vision |screening, |pap |smears, |BP |screening,
|hearing |testing, |scoliosis |screening, |and |TB |skin |testing |are |examples
Tertiary |prevention |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Focuses |on |preventing |complications |of |an |
existing |disease |and |promoting |health |to |the |highest |level. |Diet |teaching |and |exercise |
programs |are |examples
Colonization |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-presence |of |an |organism |residing |in |an |individual's |body |
but |with |no |clinical |signs |of |infection
Reservoir |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Natural |habitat |for |the |growth |and |multiplication |of |
microorganisms
Nosocomial |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-something |originating |or |taking |place |in |the |hospital |(i.e. |
infection)
Iatrogenic |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-infection |that |occurs |as |a |result |of |a |treatment |or |
diagnostic |procedure
,Health |care-associated |infection |(HAI) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-an |infection |that |was |not |
present |on |admission |to |a |health |care |institute |and |develops |during |the |course |of |treatment |
for |other |conditions |(nosocomial)
Endogenous |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-infection |in |which |the |causative |organism |comes |from |
microbial |life |harbored |within |the |person
Exogenous |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-infection |in |which |the |causative |organism |is |acquired |from
|outside |the |host
Disinfection |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-destroys |all |pathogenic |organisms |except |sports
Fowler's |Position |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |semi-sitting |position |calls |for |the |head |of |the |
bed |to |be |elevated |45 |to |60 |degrees. |This |position |is |often |used |to |promote |cardiac |and |
respiratory |functioning |because |abdominal |organs |drop |in |this |position, |providing |maximal |
space |in |the |thoracic |cavity. |This |is |also |the |position |of |choice |for |eating, |conversation, |and |
urinary |and |intestinal |elimination. |
The |buttocks |bears |the |main |weight |of |the |body |and |the |heels, |sacrum, |and |scapulae |are |at |
risk |for |skin |breakdown |and |require |frequent |assessment
Sterilization |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Destroys |all |microorganisms, |including |spores
Supine |or |Dorsal |Recumbent |Position |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |patient |lies |flat |on |the |back
|with |the |head |and |shoulders |slightly |elevated |with |a |pillow |unless |contraindicated, |such |as |
spinal |anesthesia |or |surgery |on |the |spinal |vertebrae
Side-Lying |or |Lateral |Position |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |The |patient |lies |on |the |side |and |the |
main |weight |of |the |body |is |borne |by |the |lateral |aspect |of |the |lower |scapula |and |the |lateral |
aspect |of |the |lower |ilium.
, o |This |is |a |comfortable |alternative |to |the |supine |position |as |many |people |fall |asleep |in |this |
position |(including |me).
o |It |relieves |pressure |on |the |scapulae, |sacrum, |and |heels |and |allows |the |legs |and |feet |to |be |
comfortably |flexed.
o |Support |pillows |are |needed |for |correct |positioning.
Sims' |Position |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |the |patient |lies |on |the |side, |but |the |lower |arm |is |
behind |the |patient |and |the |upper |arm |is |flexed |at |both |the |shoulder |and |the |elbow.
o |The |main |body |weight |is |borne |by |the |anterior |aspects |of |the |humerus, |clavicle, |and |ilium
Prone |Position |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |the |person |lies |on |the |abdomen |with |the |head |
turned |to |the |side. |The |body |is |straight |in |the |prone |position |because |the |shoulders, |head, |
and |neck |are |in |an |erect |position, |the |arms |are |easily |place |in |correct |alignment |with |the |
shoulder |girdle, |the |hips |are |extended, |and |the |knees |can |be |prevented |from |flexion |or |
hyperextending.
o |However, |the |pull |of |gravity |on |the |trunk |when |the |patient |lies |prone |produces |a |marked |
lordosis |or |forward |curvature |of |the |lumbar |spine.
o |Contraindicated |for |people |with |spinal |problems.
The |pull |of |gravity |may |result |in |plantar |flexion |unless |the |legs |and |feet |are |positioned |
carefully.
Incubation |period |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a. |The |interval |between |the |pathogen's |invasion |of |
the |body |and |the |appearance |of |symptoms |of |infection
b. |During |this |stage, |the |organisms |are |growing |and |multiplying.
Prodromal |stage |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a. |Early |signs |and |symptoms |of |disease |are |present, |
but |these |are |often |vague |and |nonspecific, |ranging |from |fatigue |and |malaise |to |a |low-grade |
fever
b. |A |person |is |most |infectious |during |this |stage.
Fundamentals Exam 1 Questions With
Correct Answers
Primary |prevention |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Involves |strategies |aimed |at |preventing |problems.
|Immunizations, |health |teaching, |safety |precautions, |and |nutrition |counseling |are |examples
Secondary |prevention |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Includes |the |early |diagnosis |of |health |problems
|and |prompts |treatment |to |prevent |complications. |Vision |screening, |pap |smears, |BP |screening,
|hearing |testing, |scoliosis |screening, |and |TB |skin |testing |are |examples
Tertiary |prevention |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Focuses |on |preventing |complications |of |an |
existing |disease |and |promoting |health |to |the |highest |level. |Diet |teaching |and |exercise |
programs |are |examples
Colonization |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-presence |of |an |organism |residing |in |an |individual's |body |
but |with |no |clinical |signs |of |infection
Reservoir |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Natural |habitat |for |the |growth |and |multiplication |of |
microorganisms
Nosocomial |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-something |originating |or |taking |place |in |the |hospital |(i.e. |
infection)
Iatrogenic |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-infection |that |occurs |as |a |result |of |a |treatment |or |
diagnostic |procedure
,Health |care-associated |infection |(HAI) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-an |infection |that |was |not |
present |on |admission |to |a |health |care |institute |and |develops |during |the |course |of |treatment |
for |other |conditions |(nosocomial)
Endogenous |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-infection |in |which |the |causative |organism |comes |from |
microbial |life |harbored |within |the |person
Exogenous |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-infection |in |which |the |causative |organism |is |acquired |from
|outside |the |host
Disinfection |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-destroys |all |pathogenic |organisms |except |sports
Fowler's |Position |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |semi-sitting |position |calls |for |the |head |of |the |
bed |to |be |elevated |45 |to |60 |degrees. |This |position |is |often |used |to |promote |cardiac |and |
respiratory |functioning |because |abdominal |organs |drop |in |this |position, |providing |maximal |
space |in |the |thoracic |cavity. |This |is |also |the |position |of |choice |for |eating, |conversation, |and |
urinary |and |intestinal |elimination. |
The |buttocks |bears |the |main |weight |of |the |body |and |the |heels, |sacrum, |and |scapulae |are |at |
risk |for |skin |breakdown |and |require |frequent |assessment
Sterilization |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Destroys |all |microorganisms, |including |spores
Supine |or |Dorsal |Recumbent |Position |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |patient |lies |flat |on |the |back
|with |the |head |and |shoulders |slightly |elevated |with |a |pillow |unless |contraindicated, |such |as |
spinal |anesthesia |or |surgery |on |the |spinal |vertebrae
Side-Lying |or |Lateral |Position |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |The |patient |lies |on |the |side |and |the |
main |weight |of |the |body |is |borne |by |the |lateral |aspect |of |the |lower |scapula |and |the |lateral |
aspect |of |the |lower |ilium.
, o |This |is |a |comfortable |alternative |to |the |supine |position |as |many |people |fall |asleep |in |this |
position |(including |me).
o |It |relieves |pressure |on |the |scapulae, |sacrum, |and |heels |and |allows |the |legs |and |feet |to |be |
comfortably |flexed.
o |Support |pillows |are |needed |for |correct |positioning.
Sims' |Position |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |the |patient |lies |on |the |side, |but |the |lower |arm |is |
behind |the |patient |and |the |upper |arm |is |flexed |at |both |the |shoulder |and |the |elbow.
o |The |main |body |weight |is |borne |by |the |anterior |aspects |of |the |humerus, |clavicle, |and |ilium
Prone |Position |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |the |person |lies |on |the |abdomen |with |the |head |
turned |to |the |side. |The |body |is |straight |in |the |prone |position |because |the |shoulders, |head, |
and |neck |are |in |an |erect |position, |the |arms |are |easily |place |in |correct |alignment |with |the |
shoulder |girdle, |the |hips |are |extended, |and |the |knees |can |be |prevented |from |flexion |or |
hyperextending.
o |However, |the |pull |of |gravity |on |the |trunk |when |the |patient |lies |prone |produces |a |marked |
lordosis |or |forward |curvature |of |the |lumbar |spine.
o |Contraindicated |for |people |with |spinal |problems.
The |pull |of |gravity |may |result |in |plantar |flexion |unless |the |legs |and |feet |are |positioned |
carefully.
Incubation |period |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a. |The |interval |between |the |pathogen's |invasion |of |
the |body |and |the |appearance |of |symptoms |of |infection
b. |During |this |stage, |the |organisms |are |growing |and |multiplying.
Prodromal |stage |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a. |Early |signs |and |symptoms |of |disease |are |present, |
but |these |are |often |vague |and |nonspecific, |ranging |from |fatigue |and |malaise |to |a |low-grade |
fever
b. |A |person |is |most |infectious |during |this |stage.
