MRI Registry Exam Rated A+ Verified
Geometric Accuracy - Answer- Using the Sagittarius localizer— top-to-bottom
measurement ensures accuracy of Z gradient. Results should = 148 mm +/- 2mm.
Using slice #5, of ACR axial T1, measuring phantom horizontally and vertically ensures
accuracy of X and Y gradients. Results should = 190 mm +/- 2 mm
Spatial Resolution - Answer- High contrast spatial resolution: slice 1 of ACR axial T1-3
setsof holes. Adequate results = observable holes (4) in UL and LR arrays.
Low contrast spatial resolution: using slice #8-11, of ACR axial T1, select slice
containing the most "spokes of low contrast holes. (Contrast decreases furthest from
slice #11). Count complete spokes (all three discs) - adequate low contrast resolution =
10 detectable spokes.
A comprehensive imaging QA program consists of: - Answer- -personnel qualification
standards
-re-accreditation (typically 3 year cycle)
-submission of clinical cases by category
-submission of phantom scans ensuring accuracy/quality
-scanner performance monitoring
-acceptance testing after installation, upgrade and major service
-scheduled daily/weekly QA
-quarterly/annual physicist testing of coils
-preventative maintenance
-testing for advanced applications
-protocol optimization and standardization
-technologist education and training
-continuous improvement process
-including image quality assessments
-artifact reporting/troubleshooting
Visitors and site employees entering the MR scan room with the patient should be
carefully screened for - Answer- Metal in the same manner as the patient. Due to fringe
fields, anyone entering the scan room is potentially exposed to the magnetic field,
therefore needs to be carefully screened prior to entry.
Any employee/visitor that enters or bears the static magnetic field must be... - Answer-
Educated on the effects of the magnetic field
Patient screening in the MR environment should occur.... - Answer- More than once, by
trained professional(s)
,Patients with suspected I tea-ocular metallic foreign bodies must be.... - Answer-
Screened for metal prior to entering the MR scan room. This can be accomplished by
taking X-rays of the orbital region and obtaining documented radiologist clearance.
Patients with tattooed eyeliner or other ferrous pigment eye region cosmetics should
be..... - Answer- Advised of the possible complication of temporary skin irritation or
swelling of the eyes surrounding tissues during the MR procedure.
The objective to screening the patient before an MRI exam: - Answer- -Prepare the
patient for the procedure/reduce anxiety
-obtain pertinent medical history
-rule out potentially hazardous metallic materials in/on the patient
Before being granted into an MRI environment, a patient should be screened for... -
Answer- Surgical implants, trauma or injury, pregnancy, or history of working in or
around metal.
MR safe - Answer- An implant with the above label would require no restrictions on MR
imaging approach, and can safely enter the MR scan room.
MR Conditional - Answer- An implant with the above label requires that strict
manufacturer guidelines be followed (field strength, scan parameters, duration) to
ensure patient safety or entry into the MR scan room.
MR Unsafe - Answer- An implant with the above label would not be permitted to enter
the MR scan room, nor be able to undergo an MR procedure, and alternative imaging
methods would need to be considered
The general public is limited to a magnetic field of - Answer- 5 gauss
Heart valves would be considered acceptable for an - Answer- MRI scan at 1.5 Tesla
Education for patients and staff is the most important aspect of - Answer- Providing a
safe MR environment
The white paper on MRI safety states that there are levels of "expertise" associated with
MRI safety: - Answer- -non-ME personnel are those with little or no training in MRI
safety
-Level 1 personnel are those with limited training in MRI safety (education about the
magnetic field)
-Level 2 personnel are those with extensive training in MRI safety, including a vast
knowledge of the main magnetic field as well as the RF and gradient fields, and the
risks and biological effects of these three magnetic fields.
Patients in need of MRI IV gadolinium contrast should first have their glomerular
filtration rate (GFR) checked if they: - Answer- -are over the age of 60
,-Have a history of hypertension
-have a history of diabetes
-have a history of renal disease
Acceptable practice is for all patients undergoing MRI procedures to be - Answer-
Visually and or verbally monitored for any signs of distress or motion
All of the following are used in the MRI suite to monitor patients - Answer- -blood
pressure
-ECG
-pulse odometer
-end tidal CO2
Patient types who may require additional monitoring while undergoing an MR exam
might include - Answer- -critical and/or unresponsive patients
-pediatric (with or without sedation)
-patients with limited vocal and/or auditory ability
-patients with seizure disorder
-claustrophobic patients
Sedated patients must always be monitored with a - Answer- Pulse oximeter
A pediatric patient undergoing an MEI with conscious sedation should be given -
Answer- Nothing by mouth (NPO) for 4 hours before sedation
A paraplegic patient is one that is - Answer- Paralyzed from the waist down
A quadriplegic is on that is paralyzed in the - Answer- Upper and lower extremities
If a patient has to be monitored with an electrical or mechanical device while undergoing
an MR procedure, it is important that compatibility with the MRsystrm be demonstrated
by: - Answer- -clearance by the FDA
-Manufacturer declaration
-prior testing
Claustrophobia - Answer- The physiological reaction to being confined in a small space
or location, the fear of being trapped
Hypoglycemia - Answer- Is a condition when blood sugar falls too low, often occurring
when diabetic patients take too much insulin
Hyperglycemia - Answer- Is a condition where blood sugar is elevated, causing a
patient to be at risk for CVA
Normal resting heart rate of an adult is between - Answer- 60 and 90 beats per minute
, Tachycardia - Answer- Heart rate exceeding 100 beats per minute
Bradycardia - Answer- Heart rate below 60 beats per minute
Symptoms of a patient in cardiac arrest might include - Answer- A pallor and weakness,
or not having a pulse
Normal body temperature is - Answer- 98.6F. (37C)
Normal pulse rate should be about - Answer- 60-100 beats per minute
Normal blood pressure is - Answer- 120/80 mm Hg
Sphygmomanometer - Answer- Device used to measure blood pressure
Normal oxygen saturation levels should be - Answer- Approx 95-100%
Oxygen is considered a - Answer- Medication and in order to be administered, must be
prescribed by a physician. A technologist may administer oxygen in an emergency
situation. The most frequency rate used is 2L/min, with the average being 1-4 L/min
administered via nasal cannula or a face mask.
Contrast reactions are very rare in MRI injections, at a rate of - Answer- ~1%. Headache
is the most commonly reported contrast reaction.
In the event that a patient develops severe bronchospasms after the injection of
contrast, - Answer- Epinephrine would probably be administers by the radiology or
nurse.
According to the FDA, a severe reaction to MR contrast would be described as -
Answer- Life threatening or permanently disabling
High risk patients are often pre-medicated with - Answer- Prednisone or Benadryl to
help reduce the chance of having a serious anaphylactic reaction
Dyspnea, shortness of breath (SOB), or air hunger - Answer- Is the subjective symptom
of breathlessness, simply defined as difficulty breathing
Pathogen - Answer- Any disease producing agent, especially a virus, bacterium or other
microorganism
Etiology - Answer- The cause or origin of a disease
Universal precautions - Answer- Refers to the practice, in medicine, of avoiding contact
with patients' bodily fluids, by means of the wearing of nonporous articles such as
Geometric Accuracy - Answer- Using the Sagittarius localizer— top-to-bottom
measurement ensures accuracy of Z gradient. Results should = 148 mm +/- 2mm.
Using slice #5, of ACR axial T1, measuring phantom horizontally and vertically ensures
accuracy of X and Y gradients. Results should = 190 mm +/- 2 mm
Spatial Resolution - Answer- High contrast spatial resolution: slice 1 of ACR axial T1-3
setsof holes. Adequate results = observable holes (4) in UL and LR arrays.
Low contrast spatial resolution: using slice #8-11, of ACR axial T1, select slice
containing the most "spokes of low contrast holes. (Contrast decreases furthest from
slice #11). Count complete spokes (all three discs) - adequate low contrast resolution =
10 detectable spokes.
A comprehensive imaging QA program consists of: - Answer- -personnel qualification
standards
-re-accreditation (typically 3 year cycle)
-submission of clinical cases by category
-submission of phantom scans ensuring accuracy/quality
-scanner performance monitoring
-acceptance testing after installation, upgrade and major service
-scheduled daily/weekly QA
-quarterly/annual physicist testing of coils
-preventative maintenance
-testing for advanced applications
-protocol optimization and standardization
-technologist education and training
-continuous improvement process
-including image quality assessments
-artifact reporting/troubleshooting
Visitors and site employees entering the MR scan room with the patient should be
carefully screened for - Answer- Metal in the same manner as the patient. Due to fringe
fields, anyone entering the scan room is potentially exposed to the magnetic field,
therefore needs to be carefully screened prior to entry.
Any employee/visitor that enters or bears the static magnetic field must be... - Answer-
Educated on the effects of the magnetic field
Patient screening in the MR environment should occur.... - Answer- More than once, by
trained professional(s)
,Patients with suspected I tea-ocular metallic foreign bodies must be.... - Answer-
Screened for metal prior to entering the MR scan room. This can be accomplished by
taking X-rays of the orbital region and obtaining documented radiologist clearance.
Patients with tattooed eyeliner or other ferrous pigment eye region cosmetics should
be..... - Answer- Advised of the possible complication of temporary skin irritation or
swelling of the eyes surrounding tissues during the MR procedure.
The objective to screening the patient before an MRI exam: - Answer- -Prepare the
patient for the procedure/reduce anxiety
-obtain pertinent medical history
-rule out potentially hazardous metallic materials in/on the patient
Before being granted into an MRI environment, a patient should be screened for... -
Answer- Surgical implants, trauma or injury, pregnancy, or history of working in or
around metal.
MR safe - Answer- An implant with the above label would require no restrictions on MR
imaging approach, and can safely enter the MR scan room.
MR Conditional - Answer- An implant with the above label requires that strict
manufacturer guidelines be followed (field strength, scan parameters, duration) to
ensure patient safety or entry into the MR scan room.
MR Unsafe - Answer- An implant with the above label would not be permitted to enter
the MR scan room, nor be able to undergo an MR procedure, and alternative imaging
methods would need to be considered
The general public is limited to a magnetic field of - Answer- 5 gauss
Heart valves would be considered acceptable for an - Answer- MRI scan at 1.5 Tesla
Education for patients and staff is the most important aspect of - Answer- Providing a
safe MR environment
The white paper on MRI safety states that there are levels of "expertise" associated with
MRI safety: - Answer- -non-ME personnel are those with little or no training in MRI
safety
-Level 1 personnel are those with limited training in MRI safety (education about the
magnetic field)
-Level 2 personnel are those with extensive training in MRI safety, including a vast
knowledge of the main magnetic field as well as the RF and gradient fields, and the
risks and biological effects of these three magnetic fields.
Patients in need of MRI IV gadolinium contrast should first have their glomerular
filtration rate (GFR) checked if they: - Answer- -are over the age of 60
,-Have a history of hypertension
-have a history of diabetes
-have a history of renal disease
Acceptable practice is for all patients undergoing MRI procedures to be - Answer-
Visually and or verbally monitored for any signs of distress or motion
All of the following are used in the MRI suite to monitor patients - Answer- -blood
pressure
-ECG
-pulse odometer
-end tidal CO2
Patient types who may require additional monitoring while undergoing an MR exam
might include - Answer- -critical and/or unresponsive patients
-pediatric (with or without sedation)
-patients with limited vocal and/or auditory ability
-patients with seizure disorder
-claustrophobic patients
Sedated patients must always be monitored with a - Answer- Pulse oximeter
A pediatric patient undergoing an MEI with conscious sedation should be given -
Answer- Nothing by mouth (NPO) for 4 hours before sedation
A paraplegic patient is one that is - Answer- Paralyzed from the waist down
A quadriplegic is on that is paralyzed in the - Answer- Upper and lower extremities
If a patient has to be monitored with an electrical or mechanical device while undergoing
an MR procedure, it is important that compatibility with the MRsystrm be demonstrated
by: - Answer- -clearance by the FDA
-Manufacturer declaration
-prior testing
Claustrophobia - Answer- The physiological reaction to being confined in a small space
or location, the fear of being trapped
Hypoglycemia - Answer- Is a condition when blood sugar falls too low, often occurring
when diabetic patients take too much insulin
Hyperglycemia - Answer- Is a condition where blood sugar is elevated, causing a
patient to be at risk for CVA
Normal resting heart rate of an adult is between - Answer- 60 and 90 beats per minute
, Tachycardia - Answer- Heart rate exceeding 100 beats per minute
Bradycardia - Answer- Heart rate below 60 beats per minute
Symptoms of a patient in cardiac arrest might include - Answer- A pallor and weakness,
or not having a pulse
Normal body temperature is - Answer- 98.6F. (37C)
Normal pulse rate should be about - Answer- 60-100 beats per minute
Normal blood pressure is - Answer- 120/80 mm Hg
Sphygmomanometer - Answer- Device used to measure blood pressure
Normal oxygen saturation levels should be - Answer- Approx 95-100%
Oxygen is considered a - Answer- Medication and in order to be administered, must be
prescribed by a physician. A technologist may administer oxygen in an emergency
situation. The most frequency rate used is 2L/min, with the average being 1-4 L/min
administered via nasal cannula or a face mask.
Contrast reactions are very rare in MRI injections, at a rate of - Answer- ~1%. Headache
is the most commonly reported contrast reaction.
In the event that a patient develops severe bronchospasms after the injection of
contrast, - Answer- Epinephrine would probably be administers by the radiology or
nurse.
According to the FDA, a severe reaction to MR contrast would be described as -
Answer- Life threatening or permanently disabling
High risk patients are often pre-medicated with - Answer- Prednisone or Benadryl to
help reduce the chance of having a serious anaphylactic reaction
Dyspnea, shortness of breath (SOB), or air hunger - Answer- Is the subjective symptom
of breathlessness, simply defined as difficulty breathing
Pathogen - Answer- Any disease producing agent, especially a virus, bacterium or other
microorganism
Etiology - Answer- The cause or origin of a disease
Universal precautions - Answer- Refers to the practice, in medicine, of avoiding contact
with patients' bodily fluids, by means of the wearing of nonporous articles such as
