CRIME ANALYSIS MIDTERM EXAM CHAPTERS 1-3 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Definition of Crime Analysis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The systematic study of crime and disorder
problems as well as other police-related issues including socio demographic, spatial, and temporal
factors to assist the police in criminal apprehension, crime and disorder reduction, crime prevention,
and evaluation.
Components of the Crime Analysis definition - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Study, Qualitative and
Quantitative data and methods, Crime and Disorder, Sociodemographic information, Spatial and
Temporal nature.
Study - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Focused and systematic examination. Not haphazard or anecdotal.
Application of social science: data collection procedures, analytical methods, and statistical techniques.
Qualitative - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Examination of non-numerical data for the purpose of discovering
underlying meanings and patterns of relationships (e.g.,field research, observation)
Quantitative - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Conducting statistics on numerical or categorical data (e.g.,
frequencies, percentages, means, and rates)
Crime and Disorder - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Information related to the nature of the incidents,
offenders, and victims or targets. Much more than just the examination of crime incidents.
Disorderly behavior vs criminal behavior: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅In crime there is a victim for example
robbery, sexual assault, murder. In victimless crimes it is disorderly behavior public urination, noise
complaint, drinking in public.
Socio-demographic information - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Characteristics of individuals and groups such
as sex, race, income, age, and education. Individual level: search for and identify crime suspects.
Broader level: determine the characteristics of groups within areas.
Spatial nature of crime and police related issues - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Visual displays of crime
locations and their relationship to other events. Analytical techniques to determine clusters of activity.
Temporal nature of crime and police related issues - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Long term trends over
years. The seasonal nature of crime. Mid-length and short term patterns (e.g., days/times).
Goals of Crime Analysis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. To support the operations of a CJ agency.
2. To assist in criminal apprehension.
3. To prevent crime through methods other than apprehension.
4. To assist with the evaluation of police efforts.
Difference between controlling crime and preventing crime. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Controlling crime
is when the crime rate does not go up. It stays stagnant. Preventing crime is when the crime rate goes
down.
, What is GIS? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅"Geographic information system." Modify, visualize, analysis
Spatial and temporal data.
-used for crime mapping
-computer based tools
What is Crime Mapping? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The process of using a GIS to conduct spatial analysis
of crime problems and police related issues.
Three main functions of Crime Mapping? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. To facilitate the visual and
statistical analysis of the spatial nature of crime and other types of events.
2. To provide the ability to link unlike data sources together based on a common geographic
variable.(linking census information, school information, and crime data for a common area).
3. To create maps communicating analysis results.
Beginnings of Crime Analysis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅London in the early 19th Century. Robert Peel.
Metropolitan Police Act in 1820s.
Crime Analysis in the United States 1900-1970 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Early 20th Century: August
Vollmer wrote about pin mapping, the regular review of police reports, and the formation of patrol
districts based on crime volume.
Crime Analysis in the 1950s and 1960s (US) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Analysis happening but no evidence
of crime analysis products.(O.W. Wilson's writings) Both emphasized that crime analysis must be
formalized.
Crime Analysis in 1970s (US) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-1968 Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets
Act.
-Awareness of the use of analysis and evaluation in policing.
-Allocation of federal grants to assist state and local police agencies with any purpose associated with
crime.
-Beginnings of environmental criminology.
-1973 Police Crime Analysis Unit Handbook.
-Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies,Inc. (CALEA) in 1979.
Crime Analysis in 1980s (US) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-The Colorado Crime Analysis Association, 1982 ->
1st Ass.
-California 1989
Crime Analysis in 1990s (US) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-International Association of Crime Analysts (IACA)
-Problem Oriented Policing (1990), Herman Goldstein
AND ANSWERS
Definition of Crime Analysis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The systematic study of crime and disorder
problems as well as other police-related issues including socio demographic, spatial, and temporal
factors to assist the police in criminal apprehension, crime and disorder reduction, crime prevention,
and evaluation.
Components of the Crime Analysis definition - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Study, Qualitative and
Quantitative data and methods, Crime and Disorder, Sociodemographic information, Spatial and
Temporal nature.
Study - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Focused and systematic examination. Not haphazard or anecdotal.
Application of social science: data collection procedures, analytical methods, and statistical techniques.
Qualitative - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Examination of non-numerical data for the purpose of discovering
underlying meanings and patterns of relationships (e.g.,field research, observation)
Quantitative - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Conducting statistics on numerical or categorical data (e.g.,
frequencies, percentages, means, and rates)
Crime and Disorder - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Information related to the nature of the incidents,
offenders, and victims or targets. Much more than just the examination of crime incidents.
Disorderly behavior vs criminal behavior: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅In crime there is a victim for example
robbery, sexual assault, murder. In victimless crimes it is disorderly behavior public urination, noise
complaint, drinking in public.
Socio-demographic information - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Characteristics of individuals and groups such
as sex, race, income, age, and education. Individual level: search for and identify crime suspects.
Broader level: determine the characteristics of groups within areas.
Spatial nature of crime and police related issues - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Visual displays of crime
locations and their relationship to other events. Analytical techniques to determine clusters of activity.
Temporal nature of crime and police related issues - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Long term trends over
years. The seasonal nature of crime. Mid-length and short term patterns (e.g., days/times).
Goals of Crime Analysis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. To support the operations of a CJ agency.
2. To assist in criminal apprehension.
3. To prevent crime through methods other than apprehension.
4. To assist with the evaluation of police efforts.
Difference between controlling crime and preventing crime. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Controlling crime
is when the crime rate does not go up. It stays stagnant. Preventing crime is when the crime rate goes
down.
, What is GIS? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅"Geographic information system." Modify, visualize, analysis
Spatial and temporal data.
-used for crime mapping
-computer based tools
What is Crime Mapping? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The process of using a GIS to conduct spatial analysis
of crime problems and police related issues.
Three main functions of Crime Mapping? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. To facilitate the visual and
statistical analysis of the spatial nature of crime and other types of events.
2. To provide the ability to link unlike data sources together based on a common geographic
variable.(linking census information, school information, and crime data for a common area).
3. To create maps communicating analysis results.
Beginnings of Crime Analysis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅London in the early 19th Century. Robert Peel.
Metropolitan Police Act in 1820s.
Crime Analysis in the United States 1900-1970 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Early 20th Century: August
Vollmer wrote about pin mapping, the regular review of police reports, and the formation of patrol
districts based on crime volume.
Crime Analysis in the 1950s and 1960s (US) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Analysis happening but no evidence
of crime analysis products.(O.W. Wilson's writings) Both emphasized that crime analysis must be
formalized.
Crime Analysis in 1970s (US) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-1968 Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets
Act.
-Awareness of the use of analysis and evaluation in policing.
-Allocation of federal grants to assist state and local police agencies with any purpose associated with
crime.
-Beginnings of environmental criminology.
-1973 Police Crime Analysis Unit Handbook.
-Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies,Inc. (CALEA) in 1979.
Crime Analysis in 1980s (US) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-The Colorado Crime Analysis Association, 1982 ->
1st Ass.
-California 1989
Crime Analysis in 1990s (US) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-International Association of Crime Analysts (IACA)
-Problem Oriented Policing (1990), Herman Goldstein
