PJM Exam UPDATED Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
PJM RTO Reserve Deficiencies - CORRECT ANSWER -If PJM determines that PJM-
scheduled resources
available for an Operating Day in combination with Capacity Resources operating on a
self-scheduled basis are not sufficient to maintain appropriate reserve levels for the PJM
RTO
PJM RTO Reserve Deficiencies Actions - CORRECT ANSWER -1. Recalls energy from
Capacity Resources that otherwise deliver to loads outside the
Control Area and dispatches that energy to serve load in the Control Area.
2. Purchases capacity or energy from resources outside the Control Area. PJM uses its
best efforts to purchase capacity or energy at the lowest prices available at the time
such capacity or energy is needed. The price of any such capacity or energy is eligible
to determine Locational Marginal Prices in the PJM Energy Market.
Light Load Procedures - CORRECT ANSWER -If PJM determines that the forecasted
load in the PJM RTO falls below a margin of 2,500 megawatts above the sum of the output of
the selfscheduled resources and the total Normal Minimum Generation of all PJM-scheduled
resources, PJM implements the alert and possibly Minimum Generation Emergency
procedures as described later in this section. To the extent it deems appropriate in order
to avoid or reduce the cost of a Minimum Generation Emergency, PJM sells energy to
other Control Areas.
If PJM is requested to purchase energy from another Control Area in order to alleviate an actual
or threatened Minimum Generation Emergency in the other control area - CORRECT
ANSWER -PJM may purchase
, energy if PJM determines that the purchases can be made without adversely affecting the safe or
reliable operation of generators within the PJM RTO and without unduly increasing the cost of
energy of the PJM Members. Any energy purchased and associated costs or revenues are
allocated as described in the PJM Manual for Operating Agreement Accounting (M-28).
PJM Reserves - CORRECT ANSWER -Contingency / Primary (10 min) and
synchronized/spinning reserve requirements.
Day-ahead Scheduling Reserves for RFC - CORRECT ANSWER -Underforecasted Load
Forecast Error (LFE) and Generator Forced Outage Rates (FOR)
Underforecasted LFE error component of the Day-ahead Scheduling reserve and the FOR
Component - CORRECT ANSWER -2.04%; 3.24%
Regulating
Reserves shall be made up of not less than - CORRECT ANSWER -75% Spinning
Reserves, and resources allocated to
regulating reserves shall not be included as part of Contingency Reserves
Emergency Procedure level types are - CORRECT ANSWER -1. Advisory, 2. Alerts 3.
Warnings 4. Actions
Emergency Procedure Advisory - CORRECT ANSWER -issued one or more days in
advance of the operating day. General in nature
and for elevated awareness only. No preparations required. [Advisory is not a capacity
shortage type at this time, and is used in Light Load Procedures.]
Emergency Procedure Alerts. - CORRECT ANSWER -issued one or more days in
advance of the operating day for elevated
awareness and to give time for advanced preparations.
CORRECT Answers
PJM RTO Reserve Deficiencies - CORRECT ANSWER -If PJM determines that PJM-
scheduled resources
available for an Operating Day in combination with Capacity Resources operating on a
self-scheduled basis are not sufficient to maintain appropriate reserve levels for the PJM
RTO
PJM RTO Reserve Deficiencies Actions - CORRECT ANSWER -1. Recalls energy from
Capacity Resources that otherwise deliver to loads outside the
Control Area and dispatches that energy to serve load in the Control Area.
2. Purchases capacity or energy from resources outside the Control Area. PJM uses its
best efforts to purchase capacity or energy at the lowest prices available at the time
such capacity or energy is needed. The price of any such capacity or energy is eligible
to determine Locational Marginal Prices in the PJM Energy Market.
Light Load Procedures - CORRECT ANSWER -If PJM determines that the forecasted
load in the PJM RTO falls below a margin of 2,500 megawatts above the sum of the output of
the selfscheduled resources and the total Normal Minimum Generation of all PJM-scheduled
resources, PJM implements the alert and possibly Minimum Generation Emergency
procedures as described later in this section. To the extent it deems appropriate in order
to avoid or reduce the cost of a Minimum Generation Emergency, PJM sells energy to
other Control Areas.
If PJM is requested to purchase energy from another Control Area in order to alleviate an actual
or threatened Minimum Generation Emergency in the other control area - CORRECT
ANSWER -PJM may purchase
, energy if PJM determines that the purchases can be made without adversely affecting the safe or
reliable operation of generators within the PJM RTO and without unduly increasing the cost of
energy of the PJM Members. Any energy purchased and associated costs or revenues are
allocated as described in the PJM Manual for Operating Agreement Accounting (M-28).
PJM Reserves - CORRECT ANSWER -Contingency / Primary (10 min) and
synchronized/spinning reserve requirements.
Day-ahead Scheduling Reserves for RFC - CORRECT ANSWER -Underforecasted Load
Forecast Error (LFE) and Generator Forced Outage Rates (FOR)
Underforecasted LFE error component of the Day-ahead Scheduling reserve and the FOR
Component - CORRECT ANSWER -2.04%; 3.24%
Regulating
Reserves shall be made up of not less than - CORRECT ANSWER -75% Spinning
Reserves, and resources allocated to
regulating reserves shall not be included as part of Contingency Reserves
Emergency Procedure level types are - CORRECT ANSWER -1. Advisory, 2. Alerts 3.
Warnings 4. Actions
Emergency Procedure Advisory - CORRECT ANSWER -issued one or more days in
advance of the operating day. General in nature
and for elevated awareness only. No preparations required. [Advisory is not a capacity
shortage type at this time, and is used in Light Load Procedures.]
Emergency Procedure Alerts. - CORRECT ANSWER -issued one or more days in
advance of the operating day for elevated
awareness and to give time for advanced preparations.
