NSG6001 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE 2025/26
chalazion
chronic sterile lipogranulomatous inflammatory lesion of meibomian gland. Self limiting,
Typically resolve in 1-3 months with conservative tx
chalazion
may require a steroid injection (kenalog) / I&D
hordeolum
worsening blepharitis that leads to sebaceous / apocrine obstruction and to a
heordaeolum. Acute infection with pain, self limiting and resolves 1-2 weeks. May need
abx - topical and oral
hordeolum disease management
staph aureus (maybe hot packs), MSSA oral doxy, MRSA CA oral Bactrim/doxy, MRSA
HC linezolid. Tobramycin 4xdaily, abx ointment erythro, bacitracin, blephamide. If no
response, refer.
conjunctivitis
Inflammation of the conjunctiva covering the front of the eye, caused by infectious
agents, toxicity, allergies
conjunctivitis symptoms
purulent discharge, (yellow or green consider bacterial) watery discharge (white
consider swollen nodes - viral) watery discharge (itchy consider allergy)
conjunctivitis
viral is most common, bacterial is most dangerous, allergy is most annoying.
conjunctivitis acute vs. chronic
allergy, infection, sub conj. hem. vs. dry eye
conjunctivitis itching vs. pain
conjunctivitis, allergy vs. abrasion, iritis/escleritis/scleritis, infection
conjunctivitis with photophobia
is not just conjunctivitis, consider trauma or infection
conjunctivitis
is rarely associated with pain, it tends to itch, burn, irritate, lids stuck together in AM,
water, foreign body sensation. Be suspicious of photophobia and pain.
conjunctivitis treatment
rule out corneal ulcer and Gonococcal, if allergies antihistamines or vasoconstrictors
bacterial conjunctivitis
DO NOT USE GENTAMYCIN - toxic to cornea. Fluoroquinolones are expensive. Treat
high risk patients (healthcare workers, eye surgery)
BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS
poly trim. Ointment to lids when sleeping for crusting, oral or IM antimicrobials if H. Flu,
Gonococcal, Chlamydia (and tx partners for STI)
bacterial conjunctivitis tx
children with H. Flu: augmenting 20-40 PO mg/kg/day. Give adults appropriate dose
because of potential otitis media. PNA, and meningitis
LATEST UPDATE 2025/26
chalazion
chronic sterile lipogranulomatous inflammatory lesion of meibomian gland. Self limiting,
Typically resolve in 1-3 months with conservative tx
chalazion
may require a steroid injection (kenalog) / I&D
hordeolum
worsening blepharitis that leads to sebaceous / apocrine obstruction and to a
heordaeolum. Acute infection with pain, self limiting and resolves 1-2 weeks. May need
abx - topical and oral
hordeolum disease management
staph aureus (maybe hot packs), MSSA oral doxy, MRSA CA oral Bactrim/doxy, MRSA
HC linezolid. Tobramycin 4xdaily, abx ointment erythro, bacitracin, blephamide. If no
response, refer.
conjunctivitis
Inflammation of the conjunctiva covering the front of the eye, caused by infectious
agents, toxicity, allergies
conjunctivitis symptoms
purulent discharge, (yellow or green consider bacterial) watery discharge (white
consider swollen nodes - viral) watery discharge (itchy consider allergy)
conjunctivitis
viral is most common, bacterial is most dangerous, allergy is most annoying.
conjunctivitis acute vs. chronic
allergy, infection, sub conj. hem. vs. dry eye
conjunctivitis itching vs. pain
conjunctivitis, allergy vs. abrasion, iritis/escleritis/scleritis, infection
conjunctivitis with photophobia
is not just conjunctivitis, consider trauma or infection
conjunctivitis
is rarely associated with pain, it tends to itch, burn, irritate, lids stuck together in AM,
water, foreign body sensation. Be suspicious of photophobia and pain.
conjunctivitis treatment
rule out corneal ulcer and Gonococcal, if allergies antihistamines or vasoconstrictors
bacterial conjunctivitis
DO NOT USE GENTAMYCIN - toxic to cornea. Fluoroquinolones are expensive. Treat
high risk patients (healthcare workers, eye surgery)
BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS
poly trim. Ointment to lids when sleeping for crusting, oral or IM antimicrobials if H. Flu,
Gonococcal, Chlamydia (and tx partners for STI)
bacterial conjunctivitis tx
children with H. Flu: augmenting 20-40 PO mg/kg/day. Give adults appropriate dose
because of potential otitis media. PNA, and meningitis
