N2300 Introduction to Pharmacology and Medication Administration Anti-Infectives| N319 Antiinfective NCLEX Questions- Key.

N2300 Introduction to Pharmacology and Medication Administration Anti-Infectives 1. Penicillin G has been prescribed for a patient. Which nursing interventions should the nurse perform for this patient? (Select all that apply.) A. Collect culture and sensitivity (C&S) before the first dose. B. Monitor the patient for mouth ulcers. C. Instruct the patient to limit fluid intake to 1000ml/day. D. Have epinephrine on hand for a potential severe allergic reaction. E. No particular interventions are required for this patient. 2. Which instructions will the nurse include when teaching a patient about gentamicin? (Select all that apply.) A. Patient should report any hearing loss. B. Patient should use sunscreen. C. IV gentamicin will be given over 20 minutes. D. Patient will be monitored for mouth ulcers and vaginitis. E. Patient should increase fluid intake. 3. Which nursing interventions should the nurse consider for the patient taking ciprofloxacin (Cipro)? (Select all that apply.) A. Obtain culture before drug administration. B. Tell patient to avoid taking Cipro with antacids. C. Monitor patient for tinnitus. D. Encourage fluids to prevent crystalluria. E. Monitor blood glucose, because Cipro can decrease effects of oral hypoglycemic. 4. Which is a characteristic that distinguishes sulfonamides from other drugs used to treat bacterial infection? A. Sulfonamides are bactericidal. B. Sulfonamides are not derived from biologic substances. C. Sulfonamides have antifungal and antiviral properties. D. Sulfonamides inhibit bacterial synthesis of folic acid. E. Sulfonamides usefulness has increased. 5. The nurse is teaching a patient about trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim). Which instructions will the nurse plan to include? (Select all that apply.) A. Report any bruising or bleeding. B. Report any diarrhea or bloody stools. C. Report any fever, rash, or sore throat. D. Avoid unprotected exposure to sunlight. E. Report thirst and polyuria. 6. A patient has been diagnosed with tuberculosis and is to begin the antitubercular medications isoniazid, rifampin, and ethambutol. What should the nurse do? (Select all that apply.) A. Encourage periodic eye examinations. B. Instruct the patient to take medications with meals. C. Suggest that the patient take antacids with medications to prevent GI distress. D. Advise the patient to report numbness and tingling of the hands or feet. E. Alert the patient that body fluids may develop a red-orange color. 7. While instructing a patient about antibiotic therapy, the nurse explains to the patient that bacterial resistance to antibiotics can occur when what happens? (Select all that apply.) A. Patients stop taking an antibiotic after they feel better. B. Environmental dispersion of antibiotic liquid occurs. C. Antibiotics are prescribed according to culture and sensitivity reports. D. Antibiotics are prescribed to treat a viral infection. E. Antibiotics are taken with water or juice. 8. The nurse is caring for several patients who are receiving antibiotics. Which order will the nurse question? A. Azithromycin (Zithromax) 500 mg IV in 500 mL fluid QD B. Clindamycin HCL phosphate (Cleocin) 600 mg PO QID C. Vancomycin (Vancocin) 500 mg PO Q4H D. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) 200 mg IV TID E. Ampicillin (Principen) 400 mg IM QID 9. Which diseases are caused by herpes viruses? (Select all that apply.) A. Chicken pox B. Hepatitis C. Influenza D. Mononucleosis E. Shingles 10. A patient will take an anthelmintic medication and asks the nurse about side effects. The nurse will tell the patient that anthelmintic drugs: (Select all that apply.) A. can cause hepatic toxicity. B. cause orthostatic hypotension. C. commonly have gastrointestinal (GI) side effects. D. have many serious adverse reactions. E. May cause dizziness, weakness and headaches.