NMTCB PET Questions
1. Quality control procedures required for proper functioning of the surveymeter:
Calibration and constancy
2. The Circle of Willis is a circle of arteries that supply blood to:: The brain
3. The CT X-ray tube:: Produces the X-ray
4. The radiodensity of distilled water at standard pressure and temperature(STP) on the
Hounseld unit (HU) scale is equal to:: 0 HU
5. The dose calibrator quality control procedure testing a long-lived standardat each of the
frequently used radionuclides settings is called:: Constancy
6. Which of the following radionuclides commonly used in PET imaging hasthe highest
energy?
(A) Carbon-11
(B) Nitrogen-13
(C) Oxygen-15
(D) Fluorine-18: Oxygen-15
7. The PET scanner quality control procedure in which data are used with the transmission
data in the computation of attenuation correction factors iscalled:: Blank scan
8. The property of the scintillation detector described as the number of scintilla- tions
produced by each incident photon is called:: The light output
9. Precursor for the synthesis of phospholipids: Choline
10. The correct order of scanning when a typical PET/CT protocol is applied-
: Topogram, transmission CT, emission PET
11. Presence of the non-collinearity of the annihilation photons and the niteposi- tron range
are inherent properties of positron emission tomography resulting in:: Positional inaccuracy
12. Which of the following positron-emitting nuclides has the shortesthalf-life?
(A) Rubidium-82
(B) Oxygen-15
(C) Nitrogen-13
(D) Carbon-11: Rubidium-82
13. The cathode lament of the X-ray tube:: Emits electrons
14. An oncology patient referred for a positron emission tomography scanshould fast prior to
,his/her appointment for at least:: 4 hours
15. When should Daily quality control checks on the PET scanner be per-formed:: Before the
patient is injected
16. Patients with malignant melanoma should be scanned with their arms:: -
Down
17. The presence of asbestos-related plaques, benign inammatory pleuritis, tuberculous
pleuritis, and pleural effusion can result in: False-positive uptake in FDG-PET images of
patients with malignant mesothelioma
18. The earliest disposal of the decay-in-storage waste material is permitted if it was held for a
minimum 10 half-lives and has decayed to less than:: Twotimes background levels
19. Organizing, problem solving, attention, and planning are controlled bythe:: Frontal lobe of
the brain
20. The recommended time interval for PET imaging after biopsy is:: 1 week
21. In the PET/CT acquisition, the CT component is performed for:: Attenuationcorrection
22. A series of organized, involuntary, smooth waves of muscular contractionsof the alimentary
canal is called:: Peristalsis
23. Standardized uptake value (SUV) measurements are performed on whichimages?:
Attenuation-corrected (AC) images only
24. Half life of Fluorine 18: 110 Minutes
25. Half life of Carbon-11: 20 Minutes
26. Half life of Nitrogen-13: 10 Minutes
27. Half life of Oxygen-15: 2 Minutes
28. The exposure rate of an activity of 1 millicurie (mCi) measured at 1 centime-ter (cm) is
called: - The exposure rate constant (ERC)
For positron emitters, the exposure rate constant (ERC) is about 6 R/h per milli- curie at 1 cm.
The exposure rate of a 10 mCi dose of F-18 is approximately six timesgreater than that of a 10
mCi dose of Tc-99 m at a distance of approxi- mately 8 inches.
29. Quantitative bias that refers to the underestimation of counts density whichdiffers from
what they should be is called:: Partial-volume effect
PVE is caused by the nite spatial resolution of the imaging system which revealshow
far the signal "spills out" around its actual location. The signal spreading falselyincreases the
object size and volume. Image sampling, where voxels in ROI includethe signal from
underlying tissues, also contributes to the phenomenon known as partial-volume effect.
30. Truncation artifacts in PET/CT imaging are produced by: Difference in size ofFOV
between PET and the CT
Discrepancy between elds of view (FOVs) in a PET/CT scanner—70 cm causes a
, truncation artifact when imaging extends beyond the CT FOV-50 cm; as a result no
attenuation correction values for the truncated anatomy are being applied.
31. Dental llings, hip prosthetics, or chemotherapy port are examples of PET/CTimaging
artifacts described as:: Metallic implants artifacts
Metallic implants create streaking artifacts on CT images because of their high photon
absorption. Higher Houns eld numbers consequently produce high PET
attenuation coef cients and an overestimation of PET ndings.
32. The Property of PET detectors that allows them faster timing signals for coincidence
detection and to work at high count rates is called:: The decayconstant
The decay constant decides how long the scintillation ashes in the crystal; a
shortdecay time reduces detector dead time and as a result higher annihilation rates can be
accepted.
33. The picturing, description, and measurement of biological processes at theparticle and
cellular level is known as: Molecular imaging
Radionuclide originated molecular imaging techniques such as positron emissiontomography
(PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) capture func- tional or
phenotypic changes associated with pathology and unfold the molecular abnormalities
responsible to form basis of many diseases.
34. A PET system capacity to distinguish between two points after image reconstruction is
called::
35. Allergic reaction that begins within seconds/minutes of contrast media admin- istration
and rapidly progresses to cause airway constriction, skin andintestinal irritation, and altered
heart rhythms is called:: Anaphylaxis
36. The rst PET radiopharmaceutical to receive the U.S. Food and Drug Admin-istration
approval in 1989 was:: Rb-82
37. The dose calibrator quality control procedure performed to assess the device's ability to
measure accurately a range of a low to high activities iscalled:: Linearity
38. The following positron-emitting radionuclides are isotopes of natural ele-ments present in
most biochemical processes EXCEPT:
(A) O-15
(B) F-18
(C) C-11
(D) N-13: F-18
39. Two photons arising from the same annihilation event and detected by twodetectors within
the coincidence time-window are:: True coincidences
1. Quality control procedures required for proper functioning of the surveymeter:
Calibration and constancy
2. The Circle of Willis is a circle of arteries that supply blood to:: The brain
3. The CT X-ray tube:: Produces the X-ray
4. The radiodensity of distilled water at standard pressure and temperature(STP) on the
Hounseld unit (HU) scale is equal to:: 0 HU
5. The dose calibrator quality control procedure testing a long-lived standardat each of the
frequently used radionuclides settings is called:: Constancy
6. Which of the following radionuclides commonly used in PET imaging hasthe highest
energy?
(A) Carbon-11
(B) Nitrogen-13
(C) Oxygen-15
(D) Fluorine-18: Oxygen-15
7. The PET scanner quality control procedure in which data are used with the transmission
data in the computation of attenuation correction factors iscalled:: Blank scan
8. The property of the scintillation detector described as the number of scintilla- tions
produced by each incident photon is called:: The light output
9. Precursor for the synthesis of phospholipids: Choline
10. The correct order of scanning when a typical PET/CT protocol is applied-
: Topogram, transmission CT, emission PET
11. Presence of the non-collinearity of the annihilation photons and the niteposi- tron range
are inherent properties of positron emission tomography resulting in:: Positional inaccuracy
12. Which of the following positron-emitting nuclides has the shortesthalf-life?
(A) Rubidium-82
(B) Oxygen-15
(C) Nitrogen-13
(D) Carbon-11: Rubidium-82
13. The cathode lament of the X-ray tube:: Emits electrons
14. An oncology patient referred for a positron emission tomography scanshould fast prior to
,his/her appointment for at least:: 4 hours
15. When should Daily quality control checks on the PET scanner be per-formed:: Before the
patient is injected
16. Patients with malignant melanoma should be scanned with their arms:: -
Down
17. The presence of asbestos-related plaques, benign inammatory pleuritis, tuberculous
pleuritis, and pleural effusion can result in: False-positive uptake in FDG-PET images of
patients with malignant mesothelioma
18. The earliest disposal of the decay-in-storage waste material is permitted if it was held for a
minimum 10 half-lives and has decayed to less than:: Twotimes background levels
19. Organizing, problem solving, attention, and planning are controlled bythe:: Frontal lobe of
the brain
20. The recommended time interval for PET imaging after biopsy is:: 1 week
21. In the PET/CT acquisition, the CT component is performed for:: Attenuationcorrection
22. A series of organized, involuntary, smooth waves of muscular contractionsof the alimentary
canal is called:: Peristalsis
23. Standardized uptake value (SUV) measurements are performed on whichimages?:
Attenuation-corrected (AC) images only
24. Half life of Fluorine 18: 110 Minutes
25. Half life of Carbon-11: 20 Minutes
26. Half life of Nitrogen-13: 10 Minutes
27. Half life of Oxygen-15: 2 Minutes
28. The exposure rate of an activity of 1 millicurie (mCi) measured at 1 centime-ter (cm) is
called: - The exposure rate constant (ERC)
For positron emitters, the exposure rate constant (ERC) is about 6 R/h per milli- curie at 1 cm.
The exposure rate of a 10 mCi dose of F-18 is approximately six timesgreater than that of a 10
mCi dose of Tc-99 m at a distance of approxi- mately 8 inches.
29. Quantitative bias that refers to the underestimation of counts density whichdiffers from
what they should be is called:: Partial-volume effect
PVE is caused by the nite spatial resolution of the imaging system which revealshow
far the signal "spills out" around its actual location. The signal spreading falselyincreases the
object size and volume. Image sampling, where voxels in ROI includethe signal from
underlying tissues, also contributes to the phenomenon known as partial-volume effect.
30. Truncation artifacts in PET/CT imaging are produced by: Difference in size ofFOV
between PET and the CT
Discrepancy between elds of view (FOVs) in a PET/CT scanner—70 cm causes a
, truncation artifact when imaging extends beyond the CT FOV-50 cm; as a result no
attenuation correction values for the truncated anatomy are being applied.
31. Dental llings, hip prosthetics, or chemotherapy port are examples of PET/CTimaging
artifacts described as:: Metallic implants artifacts
Metallic implants create streaking artifacts on CT images because of their high photon
absorption. Higher Houns eld numbers consequently produce high PET
attenuation coef cients and an overestimation of PET ndings.
32. The Property of PET detectors that allows them faster timing signals for coincidence
detection and to work at high count rates is called:: The decayconstant
The decay constant decides how long the scintillation ashes in the crystal; a
shortdecay time reduces detector dead time and as a result higher annihilation rates can be
accepted.
33. The picturing, description, and measurement of biological processes at theparticle and
cellular level is known as: Molecular imaging
Radionuclide originated molecular imaging techniques such as positron emissiontomography
(PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) capture func- tional or
phenotypic changes associated with pathology and unfold the molecular abnormalities
responsible to form basis of many diseases.
34. A PET system capacity to distinguish between two points after image reconstruction is
called::
35. Allergic reaction that begins within seconds/minutes of contrast media admin- istration
and rapidly progresses to cause airway constriction, skin andintestinal irritation, and altered
heart rhythms is called:: Anaphylaxis
36. The rst PET radiopharmaceutical to receive the U.S. Food and Drug Admin-istration
approval in 1989 was:: Rb-82
37. The dose calibrator quality control procedure performed to assess the device's ability to
measure accurately a range of a low to high activities iscalled:: Linearity
38. The following positron-emitting radionuclides are isotopes of natural ele-ments present in
most biochemical processes EXCEPT:
(A) O-15
(B) F-18
(C) C-11
(D) N-13: F-18
39. Two photons arising from the same annihilation event and detected by twodetectors within
the coincidence time-window are:: True coincidences
