AANP FNP Board | Authentic Exam Prep Pack:
Accurate, Fully Explained Solutions for 2024/2025
A 63-year-old patient w/ COPD c/o a pounding heart after using his inhaler. Which of the
following is the least likely culprit?
A) Fluticasone
B) Albuterol
C) Iptratropium
D) Salmeterol - correct answer A) Fluticasone
Mr. Smith, an 80-year old smoker, has stage II COPD. Based on his medications, what
is the most predictable drug-disease interaction?
Losartan 50 mg, HCTZ 12.5 mg, Amlodipine 5 mg daily, Tamsulosin (Flomax) 0.8 mg
daily, Atorvastatin (Lipitor) 10 mg daily, Albuterol inhaler 2 puffs PRN for SOB, tiotropium
(Spiriva) once daily
A) Glaucoma
B) Frequent urination
C) Anxiety
D) Pruritis
E) Hyperglycemia
F) Fatigue
G) Constipation - correct answer G) Constipation
Amlodipine (CCB) and tiotropium (short-acting anti-cholinergic)
An obese 55-year old woman with a history of moderate persistent asthma has a
temperature of 101F, bilateral wheezes, mild shortness of breath, and purulent sputum.
,Her med list includes: fluticasone/salmeterol BID, albuterol PRN, amlodipine 5 mg,
levothyroxine 99 mcg daily, and metformin 1000 mg BID. How should she be managed
today?
A) Treat with azithromycin daily for 5 days
B) Treat with ciprofloxacin, nebulized albuterol q4-6 hours PRN for wheezing
C) Treat with oral steroid and nebulized levalbuterol q8 hours PRN
D) Treat with levofloxacin, nebulized albuterol q4-6 PRN for wheezing - correct answer
D) Treat with levofloxacin, nebulized albuterol q4-6 PRN for wheezing
She is more likely to have Strep pneumoniae and should be treated with a quinolone.
Ciprofloxacin is not a respiratory quinolone
An obese 55-year old woman with a history of moderate persistent asthma has a
temperature of 101F, bilateral wheezes, mild shortness of breath, and purulent sputum.
Her med list includes: fluticasone/salmeterol BID, albuterol PRN, amlodipine 5 mg,
levothyroxine 99 mcg daily, and metformin 1000 mg BID. She is being treated for
pneumonia with levofloxacin and nebulized albuterol q4-6 PRN for wheezing.
She develops white plaques on the buccal mucosa, palate, and tongue (thrush). What
medications are the most likely cause of this?
A) Levofloxacin and metformin
B) Albuterol and levofloxacin
C) Metformin and fluticasone
D) Fluticasone and levofloxacin - correct answer D) Fluticasone and levofloxacin
Anemia is a reduction in one or more of what RBC measurements? - correct answer
RBC count (4.2-4.9 mil/microL), hemoglobin (12-15 g/dl), or hematocrit (37-51%)
The patient has the following CBC results: Is the patient anemic?
RBC 4.0
HGB 11.5
,HCT 35.6%
MCV 90
MCH 25.7
MCHC 33.4
RDW 14.6
PLT 265
MPV 7.1 - correct answer Yes
Name 3 causes of anemia. Which is the most common reason in the US? - correct
answer Blood loss (most common), sick bone marrow, increased RBC destruction
1) Blood loss - melena, hematemesis, trauma
2) Bone marrow does not make enough RBCs
-not enough iron, folate, B12
-bone marrow disorders (e.g. aplastic anemia)-bone marrow suppression (e.g. chemo)
-low levels of erythropoietin (e.g. chronic renal failure)
-anemia of inflammation (e.g. malignancy, anemia of chronic disease)
3) Increased RBC destruction
-inherited disorders (e.g. thalassemia, sickle cell anemia)
-malaria
-hemolytic anemia (e.g. G6PD deficiency)
How do the following conditions affect Hgb/Hct?
(e.g. Increase, Decrease, Neutral)
COPD:
CKD:
HTN:
, DM w/ AIC 14:
Aspirin use:
Testosterone use:
Resident of Denver, CO:
Age > 80: - correct answer COPD: Increase (tissues are chronically deprived of
oxygen)
CKD: Decrease
HTN: Neutral
DM w/ AIC 14: Decrease (poorly controlled disease, strains RBCs and causes them to
die early)
Aspirin use: Neutral
Testosterone use: Increase
Resident of Denver, CO: Increase (r/t high altitude)
Age > 80: Decreased (bone marrow is not as robust...RBC production is decreased, but
DO NOT assume that anemia in an older patient is due to aging!)
Which of the RBC indices tells you about RBC size?
What level is normal?
What level indicates microcytic (small) RBCs?
What level indicates macrocytic (large) RBCs? - correct answer Mean Corpuscular
Volume (MCV) = Hct/RBC
Normal = 80-96
Microcytic <80
Macrocytic >96
Which of the RBC indices tells you about the RBC color?
What does a low level tell you about the RBC color? - correct answer Mean
corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)
Low MCH = hypochromic (pale) RBC
Accurate, Fully Explained Solutions for 2024/2025
A 63-year-old patient w/ COPD c/o a pounding heart after using his inhaler. Which of the
following is the least likely culprit?
A) Fluticasone
B) Albuterol
C) Iptratropium
D) Salmeterol - correct answer A) Fluticasone
Mr. Smith, an 80-year old smoker, has stage II COPD. Based on his medications, what
is the most predictable drug-disease interaction?
Losartan 50 mg, HCTZ 12.5 mg, Amlodipine 5 mg daily, Tamsulosin (Flomax) 0.8 mg
daily, Atorvastatin (Lipitor) 10 mg daily, Albuterol inhaler 2 puffs PRN for SOB, tiotropium
(Spiriva) once daily
A) Glaucoma
B) Frequent urination
C) Anxiety
D) Pruritis
E) Hyperglycemia
F) Fatigue
G) Constipation - correct answer G) Constipation
Amlodipine (CCB) and tiotropium (short-acting anti-cholinergic)
An obese 55-year old woman with a history of moderate persistent asthma has a
temperature of 101F, bilateral wheezes, mild shortness of breath, and purulent sputum.
,Her med list includes: fluticasone/salmeterol BID, albuterol PRN, amlodipine 5 mg,
levothyroxine 99 mcg daily, and metformin 1000 mg BID. How should she be managed
today?
A) Treat with azithromycin daily for 5 days
B) Treat with ciprofloxacin, nebulized albuterol q4-6 hours PRN for wheezing
C) Treat with oral steroid and nebulized levalbuterol q8 hours PRN
D) Treat with levofloxacin, nebulized albuterol q4-6 PRN for wheezing - correct answer
D) Treat with levofloxacin, nebulized albuterol q4-6 PRN for wheezing
She is more likely to have Strep pneumoniae and should be treated with a quinolone.
Ciprofloxacin is not a respiratory quinolone
An obese 55-year old woman with a history of moderate persistent asthma has a
temperature of 101F, bilateral wheezes, mild shortness of breath, and purulent sputum.
Her med list includes: fluticasone/salmeterol BID, albuterol PRN, amlodipine 5 mg,
levothyroxine 99 mcg daily, and metformin 1000 mg BID. She is being treated for
pneumonia with levofloxacin and nebulized albuterol q4-6 PRN for wheezing.
She develops white plaques on the buccal mucosa, palate, and tongue (thrush). What
medications are the most likely cause of this?
A) Levofloxacin and metformin
B) Albuterol and levofloxacin
C) Metformin and fluticasone
D) Fluticasone and levofloxacin - correct answer D) Fluticasone and levofloxacin
Anemia is a reduction in one or more of what RBC measurements? - correct answer
RBC count (4.2-4.9 mil/microL), hemoglobin (12-15 g/dl), or hematocrit (37-51%)
The patient has the following CBC results: Is the patient anemic?
RBC 4.0
HGB 11.5
,HCT 35.6%
MCV 90
MCH 25.7
MCHC 33.4
RDW 14.6
PLT 265
MPV 7.1 - correct answer Yes
Name 3 causes of anemia. Which is the most common reason in the US? - correct
answer Blood loss (most common), sick bone marrow, increased RBC destruction
1) Blood loss - melena, hematemesis, trauma
2) Bone marrow does not make enough RBCs
-not enough iron, folate, B12
-bone marrow disorders (e.g. aplastic anemia)-bone marrow suppression (e.g. chemo)
-low levels of erythropoietin (e.g. chronic renal failure)
-anemia of inflammation (e.g. malignancy, anemia of chronic disease)
3) Increased RBC destruction
-inherited disorders (e.g. thalassemia, sickle cell anemia)
-malaria
-hemolytic anemia (e.g. G6PD deficiency)
How do the following conditions affect Hgb/Hct?
(e.g. Increase, Decrease, Neutral)
COPD:
CKD:
HTN:
, DM w/ AIC 14:
Aspirin use:
Testosterone use:
Resident of Denver, CO:
Age > 80: - correct answer COPD: Increase (tissues are chronically deprived of
oxygen)
CKD: Decrease
HTN: Neutral
DM w/ AIC 14: Decrease (poorly controlled disease, strains RBCs and causes them to
die early)
Aspirin use: Neutral
Testosterone use: Increase
Resident of Denver, CO: Increase (r/t high altitude)
Age > 80: Decreased (bone marrow is not as robust...RBC production is decreased, but
DO NOT assume that anemia in an older patient is due to aging!)
Which of the RBC indices tells you about RBC size?
What level is normal?
What level indicates microcytic (small) RBCs?
What level indicates macrocytic (large) RBCs? - correct answer Mean Corpuscular
Volume (MCV) = Hct/RBC
Normal = 80-96
Microcytic <80
Macrocytic >96
Which of the RBC indices tells you about the RBC color?
What does a low level tell you about the RBC color? - correct answer Mean
corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)
Low MCH = hypochromic (pale) RBC
