Page |1
JBL Cardiology Questions and Correct
Answers/ Latest Update / Already Graded
A 49-year-old woman presents with a headache, nausea, and ringing
in her ears. She is conscious and alert and states that she has
hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Her BP is 202/114 mm Hg, her pulse
is 60 beats/min, and her respirations are 16 breaths/min. What should
you do?
A) Place her in a supine position
B) Give her one tube of oral glucose
C) Prepare for immediate transport
D) Summon an ALS unit to the scene
Ans: C
The patient's presentation is indicative of acute hypertensive
crisis. Her blood pressure is severely elevated and she is
experiencing other symptoms one might expect with such a
high blood pressure (ie, headache, nausea, ringing in the ears).
You should place her in a position of comfort, which is usually a
semisitting position; lying her supine would likely only make her
headache worse. Prompt transport to the hospital is essenti al
so her blood pressure can be lowered in a controlled setting.
Without knowing her blood glucose level, proceeding with oral
glucose would not be appropriate. If it does not delay transport,
you could consider summoning an ALS ambulance to the scene.
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, Page |2
It is far more important, however, to get her to a definitive care
facility
Freshly oxygenated blood returns to the heart via the:
A) aorta.
B) vena cavae.
C) pulmonary veins.
D) pulmonary arteries.
Ans: C
The pulmonary veins are the only veins that carries oxygen-rich
blood. They carry blood from the lungs back to the left atrium.
All other veins in the human body, including the venae cavae,
carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. The aorta is the
largest artery in the body and branches immediately from the
left ventricle, carrying freshly oxygenated blood to the rest of
the body. The pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood
from the right ventricle to the lungs for reoxygenation.
Your assessment of a middle-aged female with chest pressure reveals
that she is confused, is diaphoretic, and has a blood pressure of 70/50
mm Hg. In caring for this patient, it is MOST important for you to:
A) request an ALS unit to respond to the scene.
B) assist her with her nitroglycerin if she has any.
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
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C) reassess her vital signs at least every 5 minutes.
D) prepare for immediate transport to the hospital.
Ans: D
Your patient is in shock, which is most likely the result of heart
failure (cardiogenic shock). Immediate transport to the closest
appropriate hospital is critical. Assess for and manage problems
with airway, breathing, and circulation, and then get on the
road! She needs definitive care that can be provided only at the
hospital. Reassess her vital signs at least every 5 minutes, but
do it en route! If you can rendezvous with an ALS unit en route,
do so. However, you should not remain at the scene to wait for
them. Nitroglycerin is clearly contraindicated for this patient;
her BP is dangerously low.
Which of the following questions would be MOST appropriate to ask
when assessing a patient with chest pain?
A) What does the pain feel like?
B) Does the pain radiate to your arm?
C) Would you describe the pain as sharp?
D) Is the pain worse when you take a deep breath?
Ans: A
When questioning any patient about any type of pain, you
should avoid asking leading questions that can simply be
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
, Page |4
answered yes or no. To obtain the most reliable assessment,
open-ended questions should be asked to allow the patient to
describe the quality of the pain in his or her own words.
A 60-year-old woman presents with chest discomfort, confusion, and
weakness. The patient's husband tells you that she vomited once
before EMS arrival. The patient's BP is 70/40 mm Hg, her pulse is 45
beats/min and weak, and her respirations are 14 breaths/min and
unlabored. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of her
hypotension?
A) Bradycardia
B) Hypovolemia
C) Myocardial ischemia
D) Respiratory compromise
Ans: A
You are assessing a 70-year-old male who complains of pain in both of
his legs. He is conscious and alert, has a blood pressure of 160/90 mm
Hg, a pulse rate of 110 beats/min, and respirations of 14 breaths/min
and unlabored. Further assessment reveals edema to both of his feet
and legs and jugular venous distention. What should you suspect?
A) Left heart failure
B) Right heart failure
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
JBL Cardiology Questions and Correct
Answers/ Latest Update / Already Graded
A 49-year-old woman presents with a headache, nausea, and ringing
in her ears. She is conscious and alert and states that she has
hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Her BP is 202/114 mm Hg, her pulse
is 60 beats/min, and her respirations are 16 breaths/min. What should
you do?
A) Place her in a supine position
B) Give her one tube of oral glucose
C) Prepare for immediate transport
D) Summon an ALS unit to the scene
Ans: C
The patient's presentation is indicative of acute hypertensive
crisis. Her blood pressure is severely elevated and she is
experiencing other symptoms one might expect with such a
high blood pressure (ie, headache, nausea, ringing in the ears).
You should place her in a position of comfort, which is usually a
semisitting position; lying her supine would likely only make her
headache worse. Prompt transport to the hospital is essenti al
so her blood pressure can be lowered in a controlled setting.
Without knowing her blood glucose level, proceeding with oral
glucose would not be appropriate. If it does not delay transport,
you could consider summoning an ALS ambulance to the scene.
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
, Page |2
It is far more important, however, to get her to a definitive care
facility
Freshly oxygenated blood returns to the heart via the:
A) aorta.
B) vena cavae.
C) pulmonary veins.
D) pulmonary arteries.
Ans: C
The pulmonary veins are the only veins that carries oxygen-rich
blood. They carry blood from the lungs back to the left atrium.
All other veins in the human body, including the venae cavae,
carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. The aorta is the
largest artery in the body and branches immediately from the
left ventricle, carrying freshly oxygenated blood to the rest of
the body. The pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood
from the right ventricle to the lungs for reoxygenation.
Your assessment of a middle-aged female with chest pressure reveals
that she is confused, is diaphoretic, and has a blood pressure of 70/50
mm Hg. In caring for this patient, it is MOST important for you to:
A) request an ALS unit to respond to the scene.
B) assist her with her nitroglycerin if she has any.
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
, Page |3
C) reassess her vital signs at least every 5 minutes.
D) prepare for immediate transport to the hospital.
Ans: D
Your patient is in shock, which is most likely the result of heart
failure (cardiogenic shock). Immediate transport to the closest
appropriate hospital is critical. Assess for and manage problems
with airway, breathing, and circulation, and then get on the
road! She needs definitive care that can be provided only at the
hospital. Reassess her vital signs at least every 5 minutes, but
do it en route! If you can rendezvous with an ALS unit en route,
do so. However, you should not remain at the scene to wait for
them. Nitroglycerin is clearly contraindicated for this patient;
her BP is dangerously low.
Which of the following questions would be MOST appropriate to ask
when assessing a patient with chest pain?
A) What does the pain feel like?
B) Does the pain radiate to your arm?
C) Would you describe the pain as sharp?
D) Is the pain worse when you take a deep breath?
Ans: A
When questioning any patient about any type of pain, you
should avoid asking leading questions that can simply be
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
, Page |4
answered yes or no. To obtain the most reliable assessment,
open-ended questions should be asked to allow the patient to
describe the quality of the pain in his or her own words.
A 60-year-old woman presents with chest discomfort, confusion, and
weakness. The patient's husband tells you that she vomited once
before EMS arrival. The patient's BP is 70/40 mm Hg, her pulse is 45
beats/min and weak, and her respirations are 14 breaths/min and
unlabored. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of her
hypotension?
A) Bradycardia
B) Hypovolemia
C) Myocardial ischemia
D) Respiratory compromise
Ans: A
You are assessing a 70-year-old male who complains of pain in both of
his legs. He is conscious and alert, has a blood pressure of 160/90 mm
Hg, a pulse rate of 110 beats/min, and respirations of 14 breaths/min
and unlabored. Further assessment reveals edema to both of his feet
and legs and jugular venous distention. What should you suspect?
A) Left heart failure
B) Right heart failure
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
