IEB GRADE 10 THEORY DEFINITIONS
AUDREY HU
2020
, CHAPTER 1
Information Processed and organised facts and data. Presented in such a manner that it is useful
Data Raw facts, unorganised and unprocessed. Needs to still be processed to be meaningful
Algorithm Step by step logical process independent on a specific language
Data Mining Pulling information out of a database, to draw conclusions
DIMM Dual inline memory modules
SIMM Single inline memory modules
Random Access Memory. Is a primary storage (volatile). Holds instructions and their
related data that the user has loaded and the processor will access this when
RAM instructed to perform a task
It feeds commands and instructions to the CPU systematically. It is known as primary
storage and is volatile (temporary) as its contents are rapidly changing and lost when
Dram the power is switch off. It constantly needs to be refreshed
Does not need to be refreshed and is slower than DRAM. Uses faster but smaller type
of memory. Stores the next few likely instructions to be accessed by the CPU so it is
Sram kept closer to it
Central processing unit. It executes commands and instructions that are fed to it
CPU through RAM. Each instruction is systematically processed one instruction at a time.
GPU Graphical processing unit.
All information starts off as data, it’s how that data is inputted, processed, stored,
Information tech displays and communicate
ICT Information and communication technology.
Refers to the collection of physical components of the computer, attached to or form
Hardware part of the computer system. Those you can see and touch.
Is the collection of non-physical parts of the system, the operating system, application
Software programs and the data
Includes Operating systems (collection of many programs) , utilities (programs
supplied with the operating system to assist the operating system in performing tasks)
System software and device drivers (enable the operating system to interact with the hardware)
Carries out numerous tasks for the user of the computer, like creating documents. It
Application Software relies on the system software to operate
LED Light Emitting Diode
CRT Cathode Ray Tubes
Three dedicated rays, blue, red, green combine to generate the colour image
LCD projected onto the screen. These screens were big and took a lot of power
Resolution Number of pixels (picture elements) on the monitor
FAT File Allocation table, stores location of the files on a computer
String long chains of characters or wide characters, making up words and sentences
Data structure Way of storing and organizing data in a computer so that it can be used efficiently
Portable Document format. Made by adobe reader. Represents documents
PDF independent on application software. Only view the document
CHAPTER 3
Input Device Hardware device used to get data into the computer. Data stored in RAM
RSI Repetitive Strain Injuries from the common keyboard.
A upside down mouse. The pointer is moved by rotating your fingers and is a pointing
Trackball device, used in small areas
Pen stylus used to instrument commands to touchscreen computers.
type of pointing device although it appears like an ordinary surface. Detects the users
Touchpad finger movements.
FPS Frames per second
Scanner Input device that analyses an image and converts it to a file
Optical Character recognition, it converts text into a text file so that it can be altered
OCR and edited.
GRADE 10 THEORY
AUDREY HU
2020
, CHAPTER 1
Information Processed and organised facts and data. Presented in such a manner that it is useful
Data Raw facts, unorganised and unprocessed. Needs to still be processed to be meaningful
Algorithm Step by step logical process independent on a specific language
Data Mining Pulling information out of a database, to draw conclusions
DIMM Dual inline memory modules
SIMM Single inline memory modules
Random Access Memory. Is a primary storage (volatile). Holds instructions and their
related data that the user has loaded and the processor will access this when
RAM instructed to perform a task
It feeds commands and instructions to the CPU systematically. It is known as primary
storage and is volatile (temporary) as its contents are rapidly changing and lost when
Dram the power is switch off. It constantly needs to be refreshed
Does not need to be refreshed and is slower than DRAM. Uses faster but smaller type
of memory. Stores the next few likely instructions to be accessed by the CPU so it is
Sram kept closer to it
Central processing unit. It executes commands and instructions that are fed to it
CPU through RAM. Each instruction is systematically processed one instruction at a time.
GPU Graphical processing unit.
All information starts off as data, it’s how that data is inputted, processed, stored,
Information tech displays and communicate
ICT Information and communication technology.
Refers to the collection of physical components of the computer, attached to or form
Hardware part of the computer system. Those you can see and touch.
Is the collection of non-physical parts of the system, the operating system, application
Software programs and the data
Includes Operating systems (collection of many programs) , utilities (programs
supplied with the operating system to assist the operating system in performing tasks)
System software and device drivers (enable the operating system to interact with the hardware)
Carries out numerous tasks for the user of the computer, like creating documents. It
Application Software relies on the system software to operate
LED Light Emitting Diode
CRT Cathode Ray Tubes
Three dedicated rays, blue, red, green combine to generate the colour image
LCD projected onto the screen. These screens were big and took a lot of power
Resolution Number of pixels (picture elements) on the monitor
FAT File Allocation table, stores location of the files on a computer
String long chains of characters or wide characters, making up words and sentences
Data structure Way of storing and organizing data in a computer so that it can be used efficiently
Portable Document format. Made by adobe reader. Represents documents
PDF independent on application software. Only view the document
CHAPTER 3
Input Device Hardware device used to get data into the computer. Data stored in RAM
RSI Repetitive Strain Injuries from the common keyboard.
A upside down mouse. The pointer is moved by rotating your fingers and is a pointing
Trackball device, used in small areas
Pen stylus used to instrument commands to touchscreen computers.
type of pointing device although it appears like an ordinary surface. Detects the users
Touchpad finger movements.
FPS Frames per second
Scanner Input device that analyses an image and converts it to a file
Optical Character recognition, it converts text into a text file so that it can be altered
OCR and edited.
GRADE 10 THEORY
