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C790 Nursing Informatics (WGU) Questions
and Answers (Expert Solutions)
Q: goal of EBP
ANS 🗹🗹: is improvement of systems and microsystems within healthcare, with
these improvements based on science
Q: STEEEP principles
ANS 🗹🗹: The Institute of Medicine (IOM) expert panel issued recommendations for
urgent action to redesign healthcare so that it is safe, timely, effective, efficient,
equitable, and patient-centered
Q: (S) in STEEEP
ANS 🗹🗹: Safe-Avoid injuries to patients from the care that is intended to help them.
Q: (T) in STEEEP
ANS 🗹🗹: Timely-Reduce waits and sometimes harmful delays for both those who
receive and those who give care.
Q: (E) in STEEEP
ANS 🗹🗹: Effective-Provide services based on scientific knowledge to all who could
benefit, and refrain from providing services to those not likely to benefit.
Q: (E) in STEEEP
ANS 🗹🗹: Efficient-Avoid waste, including waste of equipment, supplies, ideas, and
energy.
Q: (E) in STEEEP
ANS 🗹🗹: Equitable-Provide care that does not vary in quality because of personal
characteristics such as gender, ethnicity, geographic location, and socioeconomic
status.
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Q: (P) in STEEEP
ANS 🗹🗹: Patient-centered Provide care that is respectful of and responsive to
individual patient preferences, needs, and values, and ensure that patient values
guide all clinical decisions.
Q: ACE Star Model of Knowledge Transformation
Advancing Research and Clinical Practice through Close Collaboration (ARCC)
Model of Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing and Healthcare
Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Model and Guidelines
Iowa Model of Evidence-Based Practice
Stetler Model of Research Utilization
ANS 🗹🗹: FOCUS: EBP, research use, and knowledge transformation processes
DESCRIPTION: Direct a systematic approach to synthesizing knowledge and
transforming research findings to improve patient outcomes and the quality of care
Address both individual practitioners and healthcare organizations Focus on
increasing the meaningfulness and utility of research findings in clinical decision
making
Q: Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARiHS)
Vratny and Shriver Model for Evidence-Based Practice Pettigrew and Whipp Model of
Strategic Change
Outcomes-Focused Knowledge Translation
Determinants of Effective Implementation of Complex Innovations in Organizations
Ottawa Model of Research Use
ANS 🗹🗹: FOCUS: Strategic and organizational change theory to promote uptake
and adoption of new knowledge
DESCRIPTION:Trace mechanisms by which individual, small group, and
organizational contexts affect diffusion, uptake, and adoption of new knowledge
and innovation
Premise is that interventions, outcomes evaluations, and feedback are important
methods to promote practice change
Q: Collaborative Model for Knowledge Translation between Research and Practice
Settings
Framework for Translating Evidence into Action
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Knowledge Transfer and Exchange
Canadian Institutes of Health Research Knowledge Translation within the Research Cycle
Model or Knowledge Action Model
Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination and Implementation
ANS 🗹🗹: FOCUS: Knowledge exchange and synthesis for application and inquiry
DESCRIPTION: Structure ongoing interactions among practitioners, researchers,
policy-makers, and consumers to facilitate the generation of clinically relevant
knowledge and the application of knowledge in practice
All parties are engaged in bidirectional collaboration across the translation
continuum
Q: Knowledge Transformation
ANS 🗹🗹: (Ace Star Model)
is defined as the conversion of research findings from discovery of primary
research results, through a series of stages and forms, to increase the relevance,
accessibility, and utility of evidence at the point of care to improve healthcare and
health outcomes by way of evidence-based care.
Q: Ace Star Model
ANS 🗹🗹: These five points are discovery research, evidence summary, translation
to guidelines, practice integration, and evaluation of process and outcome
Q: clinical practice guidelines (CPGs)
ANS 🗹🗹: The IOM defines clinical guidelines as "systematically developed
statements to assist practitioner and patient decisions about appropriate health
care for specific clinical circumstances.
Q: usability
ANS 🗹🗹: 1.Increased user productivity and efficiency 2.Decreased user errors and
increased safety 3.Improved cognitive support
Q: human factors
ANS 🗹🗹: is "the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of
interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that
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applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human
well-being and overall system performance."
In healthcare, human factors might concern the design of a new operating room to
better support teamwork and patient flow.
Q: ergonomics
ANS 🗹🗹: used interchangeably with human factors by the HFES in Europe but in
the U.S. and other countries its focus is on human performance with physical
characteristics of tools, systems, and machines
i.e. power drill fitting in hand
Q: Human-computer interaction (HCI)
ANS 🗹🗹: is the study of how people design, implement, and evaluate interactive
computer systems in the context of users' tasks and work
Q: usability
ANS 🗹🗹: is often used interchangeably with HCI when the product is a computer
but usability also concerns products beyond computers. Usability is also more
focused on interactions within a specific context or environment for a specific
product.
Formally, the ISO defines usability as the extent to which a product can be used by
specific users in a specific context to achieve specific goals with effectiveness,
efficiency, and satisfaction.
allows users to achieve goals
Q: joint cognitive systems
ANS 🗹🗹: imply that information is shared or distributed among humans and
technology. This framework is useful for examining teamwork in healthcare where
team members work together on patient care
Q: Health Human-Computer Interaction (HHCI) Framework
C790 Nursing Informatics (WGU) Questions
and Answers (Expert Solutions)
Q: goal of EBP
ANS 🗹🗹: is improvement of systems and microsystems within healthcare, with
these improvements based on science
Q: STEEEP principles
ANS 🗹🗹: The Institute of Medicine (IOM) expert panel issued recommendations for
urgent action to redesign healthcare so that it is safe, timely, effective, efficient,
equitable, and patient-centered
Q: (S) in STEEEP
ANS 🗹🗹: Safe-Avoid injuries to patients from the care that is intended to help them.
Q: (T) in STEEEP
ANS 🗹🗹: Timely-Reduce waits and sometimes harmful delays for both those who
receive and those who give care.
Q: (E) in STEEEP
ANS 🗹🗹: Effective-Provide services based on scientific knowledge to all who could
benefit, and refrain from providing services to those not likely to benefit.
Q: (E) in STEEEP
ANS 🗹🗹: Efficient-Avoid waste, including waste of equipment, supplies, ideas, and
energy.
Q: (E) in STEEEP
ANS 🗹🗹: Equitable-Provide care that does not vary in quality because of personal
characteristics such as gender, ethnicity, geographic location, and socioeconomic
status.
, Page | 2
Q: (P) in STEEEP
ANS 🗹🗹: Patient-centered Provide care that is respectful of and responsive to
individual patient preferences, needs, and values, and ensure that patient values
guide all clinical decisions.
Q: ACE Star Model of Knowledge Transformation
Advancing Research and Clinical Practice through Close Collaboration (ARCC)
Model of Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing and Healthcare
Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Model and Guidelines
Iowa Model of Evidence-Based Practice
Stetler Model of Research Utilization
ANS 🗹🗹: FOCUS: EBP, research use, and knowledge transformation processes
DESCRIPTION: Direct a systematic approach to synthesizing knowledge and
transforming research findings to improve patient outcomes and the quality of care
Address both individual practitioners and healthcare organizations Focus on
increasing the meaningfulness and utility of research findings in clinical decision
making
Q: Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARiHS)
Vratny and Shriver Model for Evidence-Based Practice Pettigrew and Whipp Model of
Strategic Change
Outcomes-Focused Knowledge Translation
Determinants of Effective Implementation of Complex Innovations in Organizations
Ottawa Model of Research Use
ANS 🗹🗹: FOCUS: Strategic and organizational change theory to promote uptake
and adoption of new knowledge
DESCRIPTION:Trace mechanisms by which individual, small group, and
organizational contexts affect diffusion, uptake, and adoption of new knowledge
and innovation
Premise is that interventions, outcomes evaluations, and feedback are important
methods to promote practice change
Q: Collaborative Model for Knowledge Translation between Research and Practice
Settings
Framework for Translating Evidence into Action
, Page | 3
Knowledge Transfer and Exchange
Canadian Institutes of Health Research Knowledge Translation within the Research Cycle
Model or Knowledge Action Model
Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination and Implementation
ANS 🗹🗹: FOCUS: Knowledge exchange and synthesis for application and inquiry
DESCRIPTION: Structure ongoing interactions among practitioners, researchers,
policy-makers, and consumers to facilitate the generation of clinically relevant
knowledge and the application of knowledge in practice
All parties are engaged in bidirectional collaboration across the translation
continuum
Q: Knowledge Transformation
ANS 🗹🗹: (Ace Star Model)
is defined as the conversion of research findings from discovery of primary
research results, through a series of stages and forms, to increase the relevance,
accessibility, and utility of evidence at the point of care to improve healthcare and
health outcomes by way of evidence-based care.
Q: Ace Star Model
ANS 🗹🗹: These five points are discovery research, evidence summary, translation
to guidelines, practice integration, and evaluation of process and outcome
Q: clinical practice guidelines (CPGs)
ANS 🗹🗹: The IOM defines clinical guidelines as "systematically developed
statements to assist practitioner and patient decisions about appropriate health
care for specific clinical circumstances.
Q: usability
ANS 🗹🗹: 1.Increased user productivity and efficiency 2.Decreased user errors and
increased safety 3.Improved cognitive support
Q: human factors
ANS 🗹🗹: is "the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of
interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that
, Page | 4
applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human
well-being and overall system performance."
In healthcare, human factors might concern the design of a new operating room to
better support teamwork and patient flow.
Q: ergonomics
ANS 🗹🗹: used interchangeably with human factors by the HFES in Europe but in
the U.S. and other countries its focus is on human performance with physical
characteristics of tools, systems, and machines
i.e. power drill fitting in hand
Q: Human-computer interaction (HCI)
ANS 🗹🗹: is the study of how people design, implement, and evaluate interactive
computer systems in the context of users' tasks and work
Q: usability
ANS 🗹🗹: is often used interchangeably with HCI when the product is a computer
but usability also concerns products beyond computers. Usability is also more
focused on interactions within a specific context or environment for a specific
product.
Formally, the ISO defines usability as the extent to which a product can be used by
specific users in a specific context to achieve specific goals with effectiveness,
efficiency, and satisfaction.
allows users to achieve goals
Q: joint cognitive systems
ANS 🗹🗹: imply that information is shared or distributed among humans and
technology. This framework is useful for examining teamwork in healthcare where
team members work together on patient care
Q: Health Human-Computer Interaction (HHCI) Framework
