Nsg 531 Advanced Pharmacology Exam 2

NSG 531 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2 Pharmacodynamics: Answer -what the drug does to the body What is an LDR curve? Answer -A log dose response curve, or a curve that describes the relationship bewteen the drug effect (Y axis) and the log of the dose (X axis). What is the difference between quantal and graded LDR curves? Answer -Graded: the effect of the drug falls on a scale (i.e. how many mmHG did the BP decline when plotted against an increasing log dose?) Quantal: the "response" is predefined (i.e. a SBP 130 mmHg) and data is plotted to show who was affected and who wasn't. an either/or situation. Potency Answer -The dose of a drug necessary to produce 50% of a drug's maximal effect (ED50). Sort of tells you "how much bang you get for your buck" in terms of solely dosage amount. If the maximal response to a new medication is a 50mmHg decline in SBP, what is the ED50 on a graded LDR curve? Answer -The dosage that will produce a 25mmHg declined in SBP. If the desired response for a new medication is a decrease in SBP to 130 mmHg, what is the ED50 on a quantal LDR curve? Answer -The dosage associated with reaching the target BP ( 130) in 50% of the population. Efficacy Answer -The maximum response that a drug is capable of producing. Compare each drug's potency and efficacy Answer - What does the steepness of an LDR curve indicate? Answer -What degree of effect a dose change will have (slight change on a steep curve will elicit large effects, big change on a flat curve will elicit small effects). ED50 Answer -The dose of a medication that produces a specific therapeutic effect in 50% of the population. TD50 Answer -The dose of a medication that produces a specific toxic effect in 50% of the population. Therapeutic index Answer -TD50/ED50, or the space between the therapeutic and toxic LDR curves of a drug. True or false: a drug with a wide therapeutic index is generally safer than a drug with a narrow therapeutic index. Answer -True Calculate the therapeutic index of a drug if the ED50 = 0.4 and the TD50 = 40. Answer -40/0.4 = 100 True or false: you can visually compare the therapeutic indexes, and safety, of two drugs with different slopes. Answer