7/21/25, 8:49
AM
MBIO 1220 MIDTERM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST
UPDATE GRADED A++ 2025/2026
Terms in this set (159)
What is sterilization? Absolute removal or destruction of all microbial life
and viruses
What is disinfection? Destruction of pathogenic microorganisms
What is antisepsis? Disinfection of living tissue
What is degerming? Removal of microbes from a limited area
What is sanitization? Lowering microbial counts on a surface such that
they're at a safe level
Bacteriocidal agent An agent that kills bacteria
Bacterostatic agent Stops the bacteria from reproducing
Aseptic area When an area is free of significant contamination
Heat
Filtration
Air filtration
Low
Temperatur
Physical methods of es High
microbial control Pressure
Desiccation
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24
,7/21/25, 8:49
AM
Osmotic
Pressure
Radiation
Microwaves
How does heat Heat kills microbes by destroying their
help with fundamental enzymes
microbial
control?
How many ways Boiling, Autoclave, Pasteurization, Direct flaming,
do heat help with Incineration, Hot air sterilization
microbial
control?
How does Disrupts protein structure. Boiling for 5 minutes
boiling help with kills: most pathogens, most viruses, does not
microbial kill endospores, accomplishes
control? disinfection.
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24
, 7/21/25, 8:49
AM
Uses 15psi of pressure and 121 degrees Celsius of
How does autoclaving steam, kills all endospores and
work? organisms in about 15 minutes. Best
method for sterilization. All liquids must
reach 121 degrees Celsius.
How does Does not result in sterilization (eliminates
pasteurization help pathogens and reduces microbial counts
with microbial in order to slow spoilage), mild heating
control? of a liquid, classic treatment is 63
degrees
Celsius for 30 minutes.
What is HTST High temperature short term
Pasteurization? pasteurization. it is 72 degrees C for 15
seconds, decreases the exposure time,
most common today
What is UHT Ultra high temperature, 140 degrees C for
pasteurization? 3 seconds, can be stored without
refrigeration.
Kills by
oxidation
What is Dry Heat Flaming
Sterilization? Incineration
Hot-air sterilization (dry oven, materials
should be kept at 170 degrees Celsius for
3/
24
AM
MBIO 1220 MIDTERM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST
UPDATE GRADED A++ 2025/2026
Terms in this set (159)
What is sterilization? Absolute removal or destruction of all microbial life
and viruses
What is disinfection? Destruction of pathogenic microorganisms
What is antisepsis? Disinfection of living tissue
What is degerming? Removal of microbes from a limited area
What is sanitization? Lowering microbial counts on a surface such that
they're at a safe level
Bacteriocidal agent An agent that kills bacteria
Bacterostatic agent Stops the bacteria from reproducing
Aseptic area When an area is free of significant contamination
Heat
Filtration
Air filtration
Low
Temperatur
Physical methods of es High
microbial control Pressure
Desiccation
1/
24
,7/21/25, 8:49
AM
Osmotic
Pressure
Radiation
Microwaves
How does heat Heat kills microbes by destroying their
help with fundamental enzymes
microbial
control?
How many ways Boiling, Autoclave, Pasteurization, Direct flaming,
do heat help with Incineration, Hot air sterilization
microbial
control?
How does Disrupts protein structure. Boiling for 5 minutes
boiling help with kills: most pathogens, most viruses, does not
microbial kill endospores, accomplishes
control? disinfection.
2/
24
, 7/21/25, 8:49
AM
Uses 15psi of pressure and 121 degrees Celsius of
How does autoclaving steam, kills all endospores and
work? organisms in about 15 minutes. Best
method for sterilization. All liquids must
reach 121 degrees Celsius.
How does Does not result in sterilization (eliminates
pasteurization help pathogens and reduces microbial counts
with microbial in order to slow spoilage), mild heating
control? of a liquid, classic treatment is 63
degrees
Celsius for 30 minutes.
What is HTST High temperature short term
Pasteurization? pasteurization. it is 72 degrees C for 15
seconds, decreases the exposure time,
most common today
What is UHT Ultra high temperature, 140 degrees C for
pasteurization? 3 seconds, can be stored without
refrigeration.
Kills by
oxidation
What is Dry Heat Flaming
Sterilization? Incineration
Hot-air sterilization (dry oven, materials
should be kept at 170 degrees Celsius for
3/
24
