AP BIOLOGY – CELL ENERGY:
ENZYMES TEST QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
substrate-level phosphorylation - ANSWER-The enzyme-catalyzed formation of ATP
by direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in
catabolism.
Chemical Reaction vs Energy - ANSWER-Every chemical reaction involves a
change in energy. Energy is used to create bonds and is released to create bonds.
Energy must be first inputed to break chemical bonds to release energy. Enzymes
help in this process.
Enzymes - ANSWER-They are organic catalysts that speed up the rate of a reaction
without changing the reaction itself. They lower the activation energy required and
enable the reaction to happen a lot faster.
Exergonic Reactions - ANSWER-They are reactions where the products have less
energy than the reactants meaning that energy was lost during the reaction.
Endergonic Reaction - ANSWER-They are reactions where the products have more
energy than the reactants meaning that they have gained energy during the reaction.
Activation Energy - ANSWER-It is the energy needed to start a reaction. Even in
exergonic reactions where energy is released, there is an activation energy required.
Enzyme Specificity - ANSWER-Each enzyme only catalyzes one reaction. The
enzyme would only bind to one molecule or substrate and usually the enzyme is
named after it. The enzyme for maltose is called maltase. Usually the name ends
with the suffix -ase.
Enzyme-Substrate Complex - ANSWER-During a reaction, the enzyme must bring
molecules together. It does this at it's active site and when the substrate and enzyme
is bound together, it is called an enzyme-substrate complex. After the product is
made, the enzyme is free to bind with other substrates.
Functions of Enzymes - ANSWER-They...
- increase the rate of reaction by lowering the reactions' activation energy
- form temporary enzyme-substrate complexes
- remain unaffected by the reaction
They don't...
- change the reaction
- make reactions occur that wouldn't otherwise occur
Induced Fit - ANSWER-Sometimes, the substrate doesn't fit perfectly with the
enzyme and thus the enzyme must change shape to fit the substrate.
ENZYMES TEST QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
substrate-level phosphorylation - ANSWER-The enzyme-catalyzed formation of ATP
by direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in
catabolism.
Chemical Reaction vs Energy - ANSWER-Every chemical reaction involves a
change in energy. Energy is used to create bonds and is released to create bonds.
Energy must be first inputed to break chemical bonds to release energy. Enzymes
help in this process.
Enzymes - ANSWER-They are organic catalysts that speed up the rate of a reaction
without changing the reaction itself. They lower the activation energy required and
enable the reaction to happen a lot faster.
Exergonic Reactions - ANSWER-They are reactions where the products have less
energy than the reactants meaning that energy was lost during the reaction.
Endergonic Reaction - ANSWER-They are reactions where the products have more
energy than the reactants meaning that they have gained energy during the reaction.
Activation Energy - ANSWER-It is the energy needed to start a reaction. Even in
exergonic reactions where energy is released, there is an activation energy required.
Enzyme Specificity - ANSWER-Each enzyme only catalyzes one reaction. The
enzyme would only bind to one molecule or substrate and usually the enzyme is
named after it. The enzyme for maltose is called maltase. Usually the name ends
with the suffix -ase.
Enzyme-Substrate Complex - ANSWER-During a reaction, the enzyme must bring
molecules together. It does this at it's active site and when the substrate and enzyme
is bound together, it is called an enzyme-substrate complex. After the product is
made, the enzyme is free to bind with other substrates.
Functions of Enzymes - ANSWER-They...
- increase the rate of reaction by lowering the reactions' activation energy
- form temporary enzyme-substrate complexes
- remain unaffected by the reaction
They don't...
- change the reaction
- make reactions occur that wouldn't otherwise occur
Induced Fit - ANSWER-Sometimes, the substrate doesn't fit perfectly with the
enzyme and thus the enzyme must change shape to fit the substrate.
