Fortis Microbiology Exam 1 Questions
With New Update Solutions
/. What is Microbiology - Answer-Is the study of microbes (microscopic organisms)
/.How are Microbes useful: - Answer-Basis of life in rivers and streams
Help in chemical cycles like the nitrogen cycle
They perform photosynthesis
Help with digestion of compounds and absorption of certain vitamins
Synthesize chemical products like vitamins, enzymes, drugs etc
Help make yogurt, bread, cheese
Used in Rx: Insulin, medical research, cloning
/.Who came up with the two method for naming and classifying microorganisms -
Answer-Carolus Linnaeus
/.How did Carolus Linnaeus name and classify microorganisms - Answer-Genus-first
name is capitalized
Species name-second name is NOT capitalized
Ex: Escherichia coli or E coli
/.What 5 things determine if something is living - Answer-Cell
Reproduction
Growth and Development
Metabolism
Homeostasis
/.Prokaryotic is a type of - Answer-Bacteria: single cell organism
Few intracellular organelles
Reproduce by binary fission
Most of the genetic information in the form of simple DNA circular structure called a
"Plasmid"
Various shapes: =
bascillus- rodlike
coccus-spherical
spiral- corkscrew
/.What are the different types of prokaryotes look like: - Answer-Bacillus- rodlike
Coccus-spherical
Spiral-corkscrew
, /.Archaea is a type of - Answer-Prokaryotic
They have a thick wall called-peptidoglycan
/.What are the 3 types of archea - Answer-Methanogens, produce methane as a
biproduct of respiration
Extreme halophiles, live in very salty conditions like Great Salt Lake or Dead Sea
Extreme themophiles, that live in places that are very hot like the hot springs in
Yellowstone National Park
/.Eukaryotic - Answer-Are fungi
Many intercellular organelles
DNA in nucleus
Have a cell wall composed of chitin
Two Kinds:
Multicellular= have mushrooms
Unicellular= like yeast
/.Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic both have - Answer-Histone ribosomes
/.What are histone ribosomes - Answer-Protein ribosomes surrounding a chromosome
(where DNA is contained)
/.Unique about Euraryotic: - Answer-Protozoa
DNA is in the nucleus
Unicelluar
Move by psuodopodia, cilia, or flagellum
Reproduce sexually or sexually
Can live as free entities or as parasites
Includes things like Amoebas
/.Unique about Algae - Answer-DNA is in the nucleus
contain complex internal organelles
photosynthetic
some reproduce asexually others sexually
various shapes and sizes
most studies are unicelluar
most have a cell wall of cellulose
they are CO2 to make carbohydrates and O2..good food source for other living
organisms
/.Unique about Plants - Answer-Cell wall made of cellulose
Complex internal organelles
Enveloped DNA
With New Update Solutions
/. What is Microbiology - Answer-Is the study of microbes (microscopic organisms)
/.How are Microbes useful: - Answer-Basis of life in rivers and streams
Help in chemical cycles like the nitrogen cycle
They perform photosynthesis
Help with digestion of compounds and absorption of certain vitamins
Synthesize chemical products like vitamins, enzymes, drugs etc
Help make yogurt, bread, cheese
Used in Rx: Insulin, medical research, cloning
/.Who came up with the two method for naming and classifying microorganisms -
Answer-Carolus Linnaeus
/.How did Carolus Linnaeus name and classify microorganisms - Answer-Genus-first
name is capitalized
Species name-second name is NOT capitalized
Ex: Escherichia coli or E coli
/.What 5 things determine if something is living - Answer-Cell
Reproduction
Growth and Development
Metabolism
Homeostasis
/.Prokaryotic is a type of - Answer-Bacteria: single cell organism
Few intracellular organelles
Reproduce by binary fission
Most of the genetic information in the form of simple DNA circular structure called a
"Plasmid"
Various shapes: =
bascillus- rodlike
coccus-spherical
spiral- corkscrew
/.What are the different types of prokaryotes look like: - Answer-Bacillus- rodlike
Coccus-spherical
Spiral-corkscrew
, /.Archaea is a type of - Answer-Prokaryotic
They have a thick wall called-peptidoglycan
/.What are the 3 types of archea - Answer-Methanogens, produce methane as a
biproduct of respiration
Extreme halophiles, live in very salty conditions like Great Salt Lake or Dead Sea
Extreme themophiles, that live in places that are very hot like the hot springs in
Yellowstone National Park
/.Eukaryotic - Answer-Are fungi
Many intercellular organelles
DNA in nucleus
Have a cell wall composed of chitin
Two Kinds:
Multicellular= have mushrooms
Unicellular= like yeast
/.Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic both have - Answer-Histone ribosomes
/.What are histone ribosomes - Answer-Protein ribosomes surrounding a chromosome
(where DNA is contained)
/.Unique about Euraryotic: - Answer-Protozoa
DNA is in the nucleus
Unicelluar
Move by psuodopodia, cilia, or flagellum
Reproduce sexually or sexually
Can live as free entities or as parasites
Includes things like Amoebas
/.Unique about Algae - Answer-DNA is in the nucleus
contain complex internal organelles
photosynthetic
some reproduce asexually others sexually
various shapes and sizes
most studies are unicelluar
most have a cell wall of cellulose
they are CO2 to make carbohydrates and O2..good food source for other living
organisms
/.Unique about Plants - Answer-Cell wall made of cellulose
Complex internal organelles
Enveloped DNA
