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NSG 530 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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NSG 530 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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NSG 530 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS




Interphase43-43answer--
cell43feeds,43metabolizes43and43grows43while43replicating43DNA43in43preparation43for43m
itosis

Prophase43-43answer--first43appearance43of43chromosomes43(will43be4392)

Metaphase43-43answer--
Centrioles43pull43chromosomes43to43opposite43sides43of43cell43(chromatid)43-
434643each43side


Anaphase43-43answer--Centromeres43split43and43sister43chromatids43are43pulled43apart

Telophase43-43answer--
New43nuclear43membrane43formed43around43each43group43of434643chromosomes43*Wh
en43it43goes43right,43euploid43cells43are43produced*

Nondisjunction43-43answer--
Error43in43meiosis43in43which43homologous43chromosomes43fail43to43separate.

Polyploidy43-43answer--
condition43in43which43an43organism43has43extra43sets43of43chromosomes

Triploidy43-43answer--
when43an43organism43has43three43copies43of43every43chromsome43instead43of43two

Tetrapoloidy43-43answer--
euploid43has439243chromosomes43and43fetus43usually43does43not43survive

Huntington's43disease43-43answer--
Single43gene43disorder43(trinucleotide43repeat43mutation)

, Autosomal43dominant43(50%43chance43of43passing43it43on)
Progressive43neurologic43disease43with43late43onset43(40s)
Prevention-43genetic43testing43for43pregnancy43planning

Cystic43fibrosis43-43answer--Single43gene43disorder43(CFTR43gene43mutation)
Autosomal43recessive
Most43common43in43white43children
Defective43transport43of43chloride43ions43cause43salt43imbalance-
43thickened43secretions,43digestive43issues,43malnutrition.43Males43and43females43
Must43inherit43two43copies43of43gene43(143from43each43parent)

Turner43syndrome43-43answer--XO43chromosomal43disorder,43monosomy43of43X-
affects43females
Short43stature,43webbed43neck,43undeveloped43breasts43but43female43genitalia,43usually
43sterile


Down43syndrome43-43answer--Chromosomal43disorder,43trisomy4321
Affects43both43sexes
Intellectual43disability,43poor43muscle43tone,43low43nasal43bridge,43low43set43ears,43protr
uding43tongue,43epicanthal43fold

Fragile43X43syndrome43-43answer--
Chromosomal43disorder43(break43in43long43arm43of43X)
Higher43prevalence43in43males
Intellectual43disability

Klinefelter43syndrome43-43answer--(XXY)43chromosomal43disorder431:100043male43births
Male43appearance,43sparse43body43hair,43mild43intellectual43disability

Atrophy43-43answer--Decrease43in43cell43size
"When43cast43is43removed43from43left43calf,43it43is43smaller43than43the43right43calf"

Hypertrophy43-43answer--Increase43in43cell43size
"Captain43of43roller43derby43team43has43greater43thigh43diameter43at43the43end43of43the43
season43than43at43the43beginning43of43the43season"

Hyperplasia43-43answer--Increase43in43cell43number
"Lining43of43uterus43thickens43after43ovulation43because43of43increased43amounts43of43e
strogen"
"Liver43regenerates43after43surgical43removal43of43damaged43portion"

Metaplasia43-43answer--
Reversible43replacement43of43one43mature43cell43type43by43another,43less43mature43cell4
3type43or43change43in43cell43phenotype
"Columnar43epithelium43in43bronchi43of43cigarette43smoker43is43replaced43by43stratified43
squamous43epithelium43after43smoking43cessation"

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