Genetics Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
What are deleterious genes and list one example - CORRECT ANSWER - alleles whose
phenotype results in significantly reduced fitness of an animal; Dexter cattle - short legs
Genetics - CORRECT ANSWER - The scientific study of heredity and hereditary
variation.
Gregor Mendel is often referred to as - CORRECT ANSWER - "Father of Genetics"
What plant did Gregor Mendel study? - CORRECT ANSWER - peas
Why was Mendel more successful than other researchers? (what were they looking for or at
differently) - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Picked easy organism to experiment
2. Picked plant that was diploid
3. Picked traits that were simply inherited
4. Mendel looked at traits separately
Define genetic improvement and list 3 examples - CORRECT ANSWER - The betterment
of an organism;
1. bigger
2. smaller
3. faster
4. hairless
5. quicker weight gain
Who created the term "genetics?' - CORRECT ANSWER - William Batesone
,What is a chromosome? - CORRECT ANSWER - a DNA molecule composed of RNA
and proteins to form a threadlike structure; only visible during meiosis and mitosis (contains the
genes)
What is located on a chromosome? - CORRECT ANSWER - genes
What is the appearance of the structure of a DNA strand? - CORRECT ANSWER - double
helix
Define DNA - CORRECT ANSWER - Genetic material makes up a gene and then makes
up a chromosome
List the bases that make up DNA - CORRECT ANSWER - Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
What DNA bases are paired together? - CORRECT ANSWER - Adenine - Thymine
Cytosine - Guanine
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Cattle - CORRECT ANSWER - Dominant - polled
Recessive - horned
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Chickens - CORRECT ANSWER - Dominant - feathered shanks
Recessive - clean shanks
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
, Horses - CORRECT ANSWER - Dominant - smooth hair
Recessive - curly hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Dogs - CORRECT ANSWER - Dominant - wire hair
Recessive - smooth hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Cats - CORRECT ANSWER - Dominant - short hair
Recessive - long hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Tomato - CORRECT ANSWER - Dominant - small fruit
Recessive - large fruit
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait Mendel studied:
Seed color - CORRECT ANSWER - yellow, green
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait Mendel studied:
Flower color - CORRECT ANSWER - purple, white
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait Mendel studied:
Seed shape - CORRECT ANSWER - round, wrinkled
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait Mendel studied:
Pod color - CORRECT ANSWER - green, yellow
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
What are deleterious genes and list one example - CORRECT ANSWER - alleles whose
phenotype results in significantly reduced fitness of an animal; Dexter cattle - short legs
Genetics - CORRECT ANSWER - The scientific study of heredity and hereditary
variation.
Gregor Mendel is often referred to as - CORRECT ANSWER - "Father of Genetics"
What plant did Gregor Mendel study? - CORRECT ANSWER - peas
Why was Mendel more successful than other researchers? (what were they looking for or at
differently) - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Picked easy organism to experiment
2. Picked plant that was diploid
3. Picked traits that were simply inherited
4. Mendel looked at traits separately
Define genetic improvement and list 3 examples - CORRECT ANSWER - The betterment
of an organism;
1. bigger
2. smaller
3. faster
4. hairless
5. quicker weight gain
Who created the term "genetics?' - CORRECT ANSWER - William Batesone
,What is a chromosome? - CORRECT ANSWER - a DNA molecule composed of RNA
and proteins to form a threadlike structure; only visible during meiosis and mitosis (contains the
genes)
What is located on a chromosome? - CORRECT ANSWER - genes
What is the appearance of the structure of a DNA strand? - CORRECT ANSWER - double
helix
Define DNA - CORRECT ANSWER - Genetic material makes up a gene and then makes
up a chromosome
List the bases that make up DNA - CORRECT ANSWER - Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
What DNA bases are paired together? - CORRECT ANSWER - Adenine - Thymine
Cytosine - Guanine
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Cattle - CORRECT ANSWER - Dominant - polled
Recessive - horned
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Chickens - CORRECT ANSWER - Dominant - feathered shanks
Recessive - clean shanks
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
, Horses - CORRECT ANSWER - Dominant - smooth hair
Recessive - curly hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Dogs - CORRECT ANSWER - Dominant - wire hair
Recessive - smooth hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Cats - CORRECT ANSWER - Dominant - short hair
Recessive - long hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Tomato - CORRECT ANSWER - Dominant - small fruit
Recessive - large fruit
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait Mendel studied:
Seed color - CORRECT ANSWER - yellow, green
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait Mendel studied:
Flower color - CORRECT ANSWER - purple, white
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait Mendel studied:
Seed shape - CORRECT ANSWER - round, wrinkled
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait Mendel studied:
Pod color - CORRECT ANSWER - green, yellow
