Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing – 5th Edition by Nancy Hatfield & Cynthia Kincheloe – Test Bank Questions with Answers

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INTRODUCTORY MATERNITY & PEDIATRIC NURSING
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NANCYHATFIELD & CYNTHIAKINCHELOE
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5th Edition
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TEST BANK I l `

,Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in aChanging Maternal–ChildHealthCare Environment
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Hatfield: Introductory Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition
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1. The openingup of hospital visiting policies for children and families
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likely resultedfrom the work of which individual?
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A. Joseph Brennaman Il `




B. John Bowlby Il`




C. MarshalKlaus Il̀




D. JohnKennell Il̀




Answer: B
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Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his I l ` I l ` I l ` I l ` I l ` I l ` I l ` I l ` I l `




study that revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother because of
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hospitalization. His work led toa re-evaluationand liberalization of hospital visiting policies for
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children. Joseph Brennaman suggested that a lack of stimulation for infants contributed to high
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infant mortality rates at the time. In the 1970s and 1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus and John
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Kennell carried out importantstudies on the effect of the separation of newborns and parents.
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They establishedthat early separation may havelong-term effects on family relationships and that
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offering the new family an opportunity to be together at birth and for a significant period after
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birth may provide benefitsthat last well into early childhood.
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Question format: Multiple Choice I l ` I l ` Il`




Chapter 1: TheNurse'sRole in a Changing Maternal-Child Health CareEnvironment Cognitive
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Level: Remember
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ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionand Maintenance Integrated
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Process: Nursing Process
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Reference: p. 4 Il̀ Il`




2. An expectant mother statesthat shereadthat more black mothers die in childbirththan do
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white mothers. When responding to her questions about the reasons for this, the nurse
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accurately states that which is the major reason forthe high maternal mortality rate?
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A. Havingformaleducation. Il̀ Il̀




B. Being unmarried. Il`




C. Income.
D. Lack of prenatal care. Il` Il̀ Il̀




Answer: D I l `




Rationale: Research shows that maternal mortalityrate is directlyrelatedto lack of prenatal care
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secondary to lack of access to services or insurance. Income as well as educational level may
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play a role in the availability of health care, but they are not directly responsible. Being
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unmarried has no bearing on infant mortality.
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Questionformat:MultipleChoice Il̀ Il̀ Il̀




Chapter 1: TheNurse'sRole in a Changing Maternal-Child Health CareEnvironment Cognitive
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Level: Understand
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,ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionand Maintenance Integrated
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Process: Nursing Process
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Reference: p. 9 Il̀ Il`




3. Whichstatement correctly definestheterm "infant deathrate"? Il̀ Il̀ Il` Il̀ Il̀ Il̀ Il` Il̀




A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses500 gor more per 1,000 livebirths Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il̀ Il` Il̀ Il ` Il` Il` Il` Il̀




B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 livebirths Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il̀ Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il̀




C. number of deaths occurring at birth or inthe first 12 months of life per1,000 live births
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D. deathofa live-born child before his or her firstbirthday.
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Answer: D I l `




Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-born child before he or she reaches
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age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonatal mortality rate is the number of
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infant deaths during the first 28 days of life for every 1,000 live births. Infant mortality rate is
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the number of deaths during the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births. Question format:
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Multiple Choice
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Chapter 1: TheNurse'sRole in a Changing Maternal-Child Health CareEnvironment Cognitive
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Level: Remember
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ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionand Maintenance Integrated
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Process: Nursing Process
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Reference: p. 9 Il̀ Il`




4. Thenursing instructor is preparing to teach a group of studentsabout thehistory of maternity care.
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What major development will the instructor emphasize as greatly influencing the practice of
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maternity care in the United States over the past century?
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A. technologicadvancesand the use of forceps by primary careproviders Il̀ Il̀ Il` Il` Il` Il̀ Il` Il` Il` Il̀




B. development ofanesthesia and acceptance of the germtheory Il` Il̀ Il` Il̀ Il` Il` Il` Il̀




C. adventofbirthing centersandthe development of family-centeredcare Il̀ Il̀ Il` Il̀ Il̀ Il̀ Il` Il` Il̀




D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth attendants Il̀ Il̀ Il` Il̀ Il` Il` Il` Il̀ Il̀ Il̀ Il̀




Il` Answer: B Il`




Rationale: The emphasis should be placed on anesthesia and the germ theory. The development of
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anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth; the germ theory advanced the
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progress of general health care and decreased infections in laboring women. Pediatrics as a
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specialty is an important step forward but is not the greatest development, and midwives are still
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in practice. Maternity care continues to evolve, and birthing centers are still under development.
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Forceps are not considered an advance in maternity care.
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Question format: Multiple Choice I l ` I l ` Il `




Chapter 1: TheNurse'sRole in a Changing Maternal-Child Health CareEnvironment Cognitive
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Level: Analyze
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Client Needs: Health Promotionand Maintenance
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, Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning Il` Il`




Reference: p. 3
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5. When preparing a client for surgery, the nurse explains that the use of an antiseptic
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during the surgery has greatly improved client survival rates and was started by which
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physician?
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A. Louis Pasteur Il`




B. Ignaz PhilipSemmelweis Il` Il̀




C. Joseph Lister Il `




D. Alexander Gordon Il`




Il` Answer: C Il`




Rationale: Joseph Lister was a British surgeon who embraced Louis Pasteur's theory of
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microorganisms as the cause of infection. Lister used carbolic acid as an antiseptic during
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surgeryand improved the survival rates of his patients. Alexander Gordon proposedthetheory of
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infection. Oliver Wendell Holmes and Ignaz Philip Semmelweis confirmed his theory.
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Questionformat:MultipleChoice Il̀ Il̀ Il̀




Chapter 1: TheNurse'sRole in a Changing Maternal-Child Health CareEnvironment Cognitive
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Level: Apply
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Client Needs: Safe, EffectiveCare Environment: Safetyand Infection ControlIntegrated Process:
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Nursing Process
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Reference: p. 4 Il̀ Il`




6. A young couple are very excited to learn they are expecting their first child and question the
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nurse about which test they need to discover its gender. Which procedure will best provide this
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information to the couple?
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A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionicvillussampling Il̀ Il̀




D. HGP

Answer: A I l `




Rationale: Ultrasound is a visual method for assessing the fetusin the uterus and will provide
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information aboutthe gender. Amniocentesisand chorionic villus sampling provide the entire
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genetic code of the fetus. HGP refers to the Human Genome Project, which can provide
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information regarding gene mutations and variations.
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Questionformat:MultipleChoice Il̀ Il̀ Il̀




Chapter 1: TheNurse'sRole in a Changing Maternal-Child Health CareEnvironment Cognitive
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Level: Apply
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ClientNeeds:HealthPromotionand Maintenance Integrated
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Process: Caring
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Reference: p. 6 Il̀ Il`