NRSG 2350 Exam 1 questions with accurate answers
A (pc) Ans✓✓✓ adequate studies/ no risk to fetus
Absorption (pharmacokinetics) Ans✓✓✓ time of entry into body to
time of entry into circulation/tissue
factors that influence:
route of administration
gi function
presence of food or other drugs in gi tract
acute Ans✓✓✓ severe and sudden onset of conditions
adaptive active immunity Ans✓✓✓ we are exposed to antigen either
through vaccinations or environmental exposure (infection) and we
develop an immune response with b and t cells
takes longer to develop (days to weeks_ but longer duration of effect
long-lasting immunity produced by the immune system in response to
antigens
ex. Hepatitis A virus infection and subsequent recovery gives rise to an
acquired active immune response usually leading to a lifelong protection
,chickenpox / mmr vaccine
vaccination benefit - active immunity without disease or disease
complications
either get infection or get immunization
adaptive immune defense Ans✓✓✓ aka acquired/ specific immunity
second line of defense... more effective
takes longer... days or weeks dependent on exposure (first, delayed
subsequent - immediate due to antibodies)
microbe recognition - specific to individual microbes and antigens
response to repeated infection - quicker response bc it has been
preexposed and has memory of it... plasma cells are able to make that
antibody again (immunlogic memory)
defense - cell killing - tagging antigen to antibody
cellular components
,- b cells and t cells working together to make antigen and antibody
complexes
- b and t lymphocytes, macrophages, killer cells
molecular components: antibodies, cytokines, complement system
adaptive passive immunity Ans✓✓✓ received antibodies from mother
to fetus or through an infusion
- immunoglobin G
- more immediate but shorter lasting effects (last weeks to 3 or 4
months)
host is given antibodies to an antigen to protect against infection rather
than host synthesizing them
ex injection of gamma globulin
transfer from mother to fetus via placenta or breast milk
adaptive response Ans✓✓✓ ADAPTIVE RESPONSE
T cells and b cells mingle with antigens as they circulate throughout the
body's fluids and peripheral lymphoid tissue (ex. Tonsils, lymph nodes,
spleen). The two main reasons they mingle is to destroy the antigen and
produce antibodies against the antigen
, T cells get their name from where they mature, the thymus. T cells are
produced in the bone marrow, after which they enter the bloodstream
and travel to the thymus for maturation
Two major types of T cells:
1. Regulator cells : helper T cells (activate B cell to produce antibodies)
and suppressor T cells (turn antibody production off)
2. Cytotoxic T cells : respond to virus infection, cancer cells are
transplanted tissue cells
AE: alopecia Ans✓✓✓ fast dividing cells are targeted
lost of hair
AE: bone marrow suppression Ans✓✓✓ can't fight off infection bc
WBC production is stifled, RBC can become anemic
AE: GI Ans✓✓✓ nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
common symptoms of cancer treatments
fast dividing cells are targeted so this affects inside lining of GI tract
AE: hormonal changes Ans✓✓✓ infertility
A (pc) Ans✓✓✓ adequate studies/ no risk to fetus
Absorption (pharmacokinetics) Ans✓✓✓ time of entry into body to
time of entry into circulation/tissue
factors that influence:
route of administration
gi function
presence of food or other drugs in gi tract
acute Ans✓✓✓ severe and sudden onset of conditions
adaptive active immunity Ans✓✓✓ we are exposed to antigen either
through vaccinations or environmental exposure (infection) and we
develop an immune response with b and t cells
takes longer to develop (days to weeks_ but longer duration of effect
long-lasting immunity produced by the immune system in response to
antigens
ex. Hepatitis A virus infection and subsequent recovery gives rise to an
acquired active immune response usually leading to a lifelong protection
,chickenpox / mmr vaccine
vaccination benefit - active immunity without disease or disease
complications
either get infection or get immunization
adaptive immune defense Ans✓✓✓ aka acquired/ specific immunity
second line of defense... more effective
takes longer... days or weeks dependent on exposure (first, delayed
subsequent - immediate due to antibodies)
microbe recognition - specific to individual microbes and antigens
response to repeated infection - quicker response bc it has been
preexposed and has memory of it... plasma cells are able to make that
antibody again (immunlogic memory)
defense - cell killing - tagging antigen to antibody
cellular components
,- b cells and t cells working together to make antigen and antibody
complexes
- b and t lymphocytes, macrophages, killer cells
molecular components: antibodies, cytokines, complement system
adaptive passive immunity Ans✓✓✓ received antibodies from mother
to fetus or through an infusion
- immunoglobin G
- more immediate but shorter lasting effects (last weeks to 3 or 4
months)
host is given antibodies to an antigen to protect against infection rather
than host synthesizing them
ex injection of gamma globulin
transfer from mother to fetus via placenta or breast milk
adaptive response Ans✓✓✓ ADAPTIVE RESPONSE
T cells and b cells mingle with antigens as they circulate throughout the
body's fluids and peripheral lymphoid tissue (ex. Tonsils, lymph nodes,
spleen). The two main reasons they mingle is to destroy the antigen and
produce antibodies against the antigen
, T cells get their name from where they mature, the thymus. T cells are
produced in the bone marrow, after which they enter the bloodstream
and travel to the thymus for maturation
Two major types of T cells:
1. Regulator cells : helper T cells (activate B cell to produce antibodies)
and suppressor T cells (turn antibody production off)
2. Cytotoxic T cells : respond to virus infection, cancer cells are
transplanted tissue cells
AE: alopecia Ans✓✓✓ fast dividing cells are targeted
lost of hair
AE: bone marrow suppression Ans✓✓✓ can't fight off infection bc
WBC production is stifled, RBC can become anemic
AE: GI Ans✓✓✓ nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
common symptoms of cancer treatments
fast dividing cells are targeted so this affects inside lining of GI tract
AE: hormonal changes Ans✓✓✓ infertility
