COMD 5070 - Exam 2 ACTUAL UPDATED
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
how to calculate average air flow - CORRECT ANSWER - divide volume by time
ex. if 1 liter of air is used and phonation lasts for 5 seconds, average flow is 1/5 liter per second
(keep in mind that flow at a given instant may be different)
u-tube manometer - CORRECT ANSWER - measures static pressure (as opposed to
dynamic)
very low tech
not very good for speech production (because pressures change rapidly and subtly)
handy for calibration
measures in cmH2O (how many cm of water is displaced by the pressure)
rib cage and abdomen movements - CORRECT ANSWER - inhale: rib cage and abdomen
expand
exhale: rib cage and abdomen contract
measured by variable inductance plethysmograph
rib cage and abdomen movements during singing - CORRECT ANSWER - movement
increases rapidly during inhalation and drops more gradually during exhalation
- minimum resistance when inhaling
- when exhaling, phonation slows down the speed with which air leaves the lungs
rib cage and abdomen movements during speech - CORRECT ANSWER - exhalation is
slower than inhalation (laryngeal resistance slows down the flow of air as it leaves your lungs)
subglottal pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - Ps or Psub
pressure below the larynx
, driving pressure for phonation, speech
difficult to measure directly
normal speech values of subglottal pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - 5-7 cmH2O
very loud: 15-20 cmH2O
lower for pulse register
higher for falsetto
estimating subglottal pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - measure intraoral pressure at a
particular time (during /p/ closure)
- vocal folds are abducted
- trachea and mouth are linked
- pressure is equal throughout the system
phonation threshold pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - pressure needed from the lungs for
folds to start vibrating
- between 3-5 cm needed to start, less to maintain
influences on PTP (phonation threshold pressure) - CORRECT ANSWER - increases
with:
- dehydration
- vocal fatigue
- many pathologies
folds are looser for easy onset, stiffer for harsh onset (PTP will be higher for abrupt start)
vocal fold lesions increase mass, requiring more pressure to move
pressure (definition) - CORRECT ANSWER - force per unit area
flow (definition) - CORRECT ANSWER - volume divided by time
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
how to calculate average air flow - CORRECT ANSWER - divide volume by time
ex. if 1 liter of air is used and phonation lasts for 5 seconds, average flow is 1/5 liter per second
(keep in mind that flow at a given instant may be different)
u-tube manometer - CORRECT ANSWER - measures static pressure (as opposed to
dynamic)
very low tech
not very good for speech production (because pressures change rapidly and subtly)
handy for calibration
measures in cmH2O (how many cm of water is displaced by the pressure)
rib cage and abdomen movements - CORRECT ANSWER - inhale: rib cage and abdomen
expand
exhale: rib cage and abdomen contract
measured by variable inductance plethysmograph
rib cage and abdomen movements during singing - CORRECT ANSWER - movement
increases rapidly during inhalation and drops more gradually during exhalation
- minimum resistance when inhaling
- when exhaling, phonation slows down the speed with which air leaves the lungs
rib cage and abdomen movements during speech - CORRECT ANSWER - exhalation is
slower than inhalation (laryngeal resistance slows down the flow of air as it leaves your lungs)
subglottal pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - Ps or Psub
pressure below the larynx
, driving pressure for phonation, speech
difficult to measure directly
normal speech values of subglottal pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - 5-7 cmH2O
very loud: 15-20 cmH2O
lower for pulse register
higher for falsetto
estimating subglottal pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - measure intraoral pressure at a
particular time (during /p/ closure)
- vocal folds are abducted
- trachea and mouth are linked
- pressure is equal throughout the system
phonation threshold pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - pressure needed from the lungs for
folds to start vibrating
- between 3-5 cm needed to start, less to maintain
influences on PTP (phonation threshold pressure) - CORRECT ANSWER - increases
with:
- dehydration
- vocal fatigue
- many pathologies
folds are looser for easy onset, stiffer for harsh onset (PTP will be higher for abrupt start)
vocal fold lesions increase mass, requiring more pressure to move
pressure (definition) - CORRECT ANSWER - force per unit area
flow (definition) - CORRECT ANSWER - volume divided by time
