ASLP 3035 Final Exam (Review of most
material covered in class)
Speech - ANS-Verbal means of communicating (a subset of language)
Language - ANS-Socially shared code or conventional system or representing concepts through
the use of arbitrary symbols and rule-governed combinations of those symbols
Dialects - ANS-Varieties of language (dialects use similar but not identical rules/symbols)
Communication - ANS-The process participants use to exchange info and ideas, needs and
desires
Paralinguistic - ANS-Loudness and pitch (they convey different emotions and feelings)
Nonlinguistic Cues - ANS-Gestures and facial expressions
Metalinguistic skills - ANS-The ability to talk about language, analyze it, think about it, judge it,
and see it as an entity separate from its content or out of context
Components of language - ANS-Form (syntax, morphology, phonology)
Content (Semantics)
Use (Pragmatics)
Syntax - ANS-Rules that specify word, phrase and clause order, sentence organization and
relationships between words, word classes, and other sentence elements
(Known as grammar)
Morphology - ANS-The internal organization of words
(Related to meaning and sound)
Free Morphemes - ANS-Stand alone words
Bound Morphemes - ANS-Attached to another morpheme and cannot stand alone
Derivational bound morphemes - ANS-Changes the class of the word
Ex: Mad -> Mad-ly(adverb) or Mad-ness(noun)
Can be a prefix or suffix
Inflectional bound morphemes - ANS-Intensifies the word
Ex: Walk -> Walks or Walked
Only suffixes in English
, Prefix - ANS-Precede the free morpheme
Suffix - ANS-Follow the free morpheme
Phonology - ANS-The aspect of language concerned with the rules governing the structure,
distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables
Phonemes - ANS-Smallest linguistic unit of sound that can signal a difference in meaning
Semantics - ANS-A system of rules governing the meaning or content of the words
Pragmatics - ANS-The way language is used to communicate (how much, when, to whom)
Reflexes - ANS-Automatic involuntary motor patterns (ex: sucking, gagging, etc.)
Reflexive Sounds - ANS-Result from reflexive movements (ex: fussing, crying, etc.)
Quasi-Resonant Nuclei(QRN) - ANS-Vowel-like sounds with brief consonantal elements(but not
full consonants or vowels)
Infants - ANS-Can distinguish different speech sounds (speech perception)
2 months - ANS-cooing, QRN with back consonants (/k g h/) and middle/back vowel sounds with
incomplete resonance
3 months - ANS-laughs and giggles
5-6 months - ANS-Fully-Resonant Nuclei(FRN)= fully resonated, vowel-like sounds similar to /a/
Babbling (7-12 mos) - ANS-Strings of sounds infants produce- single syllable units (CV or
longer)
Reduplicated Babbling (7-12 mos) - ANS-CV (consonant-vowel) syllable repetitions
Ex: dada for daddy, bibi for baby
Variegated Babbling (7-12 mos) - ANS-Long strings of non-identical syllables
Ex: ba-wa-wa-ma
Echolalia - ANS-Immediate imitation of some other speaker
Jargon - ANS-long strings of unintelligible sounds with adult-like prosodic and intonation
patterns
material covered in class)
Speech - ANS-Verbal means of communicating (a subset of language)
Language - ANS-Socially shared code or conventional system or representing concepts through
the use of arbitrary symbols and rule-governed combinations of those symbols
Dialects - ANS-Varieties of language (dialects use similar but not identical rules/symbols)
Communication - ANS-The process participants use to exchange info and ideas, needs and
desires
Paralinguistic - ANS-Loudness and pitch (they convey different emotions and feelings)
Nonlinguistic Cues - ANS-Gestures and facial expressions
Metalinguistic skills - ANS-The ability to talk about language, analyze it, think about it, judge it,
and see it as an entity separate from its content or out of context
Components of language - ANS-Form (syntax, morphology, phonology)
Content (Semantics)
Use (Pragmatics)
Syntax - ANS-Rules that specify word, phrase and clause order, sentence organization and
relationships between words, word classes, and other sentence elements
(Known as grammar)
Morphology - ANS-The internal organization of words
(Related to meaning and sound)
Free Morphemes - ANS-Stand alone words
Bound Morphemes - ANS-Attached to another morpheme and cannot stand alone
Derivational bound morphemes - ANS-Changes the class of the word
Ex: Mad -> Mad-ly(adverb) or Mad-ness(noun)
Can be a prefix or suffix
Inflectional bound morphemes - ANS-Intensifies the word
Ex: Walk -> Walks or Walked
Only suffixes in English
, Prefix - ANS-Precede the free morpheme
Suffix - ANS-Follow the free morpheme
Phonology - ANS-The aspect of language concerned with the rules governing the structure,
distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables
Phonemes - ANS-Smallest linguistic unit of sound that can signal a difference in meaning
Semantics - ANS-A system of rules governing the meaning or content of the words
Pragmatics - ANS-The way language is used to communicate (how much, when, to whom)
Reflexes - ANS-Automatic involuntary motor patterns (ex: sucking, gagging, etc.)
Reflexive Sounds - ANS-Result from reflexive movements (ex: fussing, crying, etc.)
Quasi-Resonant Nuclei(QRN) - ANS-Vowel-like sounds with brief consonantal elements(but not
full consonants or vowels)
Infants - ANS-Can distinguish different speech sounds (speech perception)
2 months - ANS-cooing, QRN with back consonants (/k g h/) and middle/back vowel sounds with
incomplete resonance
3 months - ANS-laughs and giggles
5-6 months - ANS-Fully-Resonant Nuclei(FRN)= fully resonated, vowel-like sounds similar to /a/
Babbling (7-12 mos) - ANS-Strings of sounds infants produce- single syllable units (CV or
longer)
Reduplicated Babbling (7-12 mos) - ANS-CV (consonant-vowel) syllable repetitions
Ex: dada for daddy, bibi for baby
Variegated Babbling (7-12 mos) - ANS-Long strings of non-identical syllables
Ex: ba-wa-wa-ma
Echolalia - ANS-Immediate imitation of some other speaker
Jargon - ANS-long strings of unintelligible sounds with adult-like prosodic and intonation
patterns
