APEA 3P High-Stakes Exam – Practice Questions and Answers for
Nurse Practitioner Prep
Most common type of skin cancer in USA
Skin cancer
Most common type of skin cancer basal
cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma symptoms
Appearance varies; smooth, shiny bump, pink to pearly white
,Basal cell carcinoma common locations cheeks,
nose, face, neck, arms, back
basal cell carcinoma diagnosis gold standard biopsy.
if not an option, refer to derm
Actinic keratosis
Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma numerous dry, round and pink to
red lesions w/ rough and scaly texture
--> does not heal, slow growing in sun exposed areas
Actinic keratosis diagnosis gold standard
Biopsy. if not an option, refer
to derm
Actinic keratosis treatment gold standard small- cryotherapy large- number 5-FU (5-flouracil aka
efudex). 5-FU medication Causes skin to ooze, crust, scab and be red
*5-flouracil/ efudex-wear sunscreen!!*
squamous cell cancer chronic red scaly rough textured
lesion w/ irregular borders crusting or bleeding may be
present
,Squamous cell carcinoma common locations
rims of ears, lips, nose, face and top of hands
precursor lesion to squamous cell cancer actinic
keratosis
squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis by?
biopsy gold standard. if biopsy is not an option, refer to dermatology .
Risk factors for skin cancer(melanoma and both non-melanoma)
Blistering sunburn as a child, history of sunburns, light skin, chronic exposure to UV light
(sunlight/tanning beds), moles, family hx for skin cancer
Melanoma symptoms (ABCDE)
asymmetry (shape/uneven texture) border
(irregular/notched/blurred) color (variegated colors from
black, blue, dark to light brown) diameter (size >6mm size of
pencil eraser or larger) evolving (changes in
color/size/shape) may be itchy
Acral lengtiginous melanoma
Most common type of melanoma in dark skinned individuals (blacks & asians)
, --> look for longitudinal brown to black bands under the nailbed. a changing spot or mole in the
palms, or the soles of the feet
seborrheic keratosis soft, round, wart-like growth that is light tan to
black and looks pasted on asymptomatic &benign
Bacterial Meningitis Bacteria
Streptococcus pneumoniae- most common strain
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria meningitidis
Escherichia coli
*others
Bacterial meningitis symptoms (Classic Triad)
High fever
Nuchal rigidity
rapid change in mental status w/ headache Triad=neck up erythematous spot-like rash (petechiae)
ecchymosis to purple-colored lesions (purpura) which are non-blanchable
Is bacterial meningitis a reportable disease yes!
Treatment for Bacterial meningitis-patient
IV Abx ASAP, resp/droplet iso for first 24-48 hrs, hydrate (low maintenance after initial fluid
correction), Maintain ventilation and reduce increased intra cranial pressure if present
Nurse Practitioner Prep
Most common type of skin cancer in USA
Skin cancer
Most common type of skin cancer basal
cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma symptoms
Appearance varies; smooth, shiny bump, pink to pearly white
,Basal cell carcinoma common locations cheeks,
nose, face, neck, arms, back
basal cell carcinoma diagnosis gold standard biopsy.
if not an option, refer to derm
Actinic keratosis
Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma numerous dry, round and pink to
red lesions w/ rough and scaly texture
--> does not heal, slow growing in sun exposed areas
Actinic keratosis diagnosis gold standard
Biopsy. if not an option, refer
to derm
Actinic keratosis treatment gold standard small- cryotherapy large- number 5-FU (5-flouracil aka
efudex). 5-FU medication Causes skin to ooze, crust, scab and be red
*5-flouracil/ efudex-wear sunscreen!!*
squamous cell cancer chronic red scaly rough textured
lesion w/ irregular borders crusting or bleeding may be
present
,Squamous cell carcinoma common locations
rims of ears, lips, nose, face and top of hands
precursor lesion to squamous cell cancer actinic
keratosis
squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis by?
biopsy gold standard. if biopsy is not an option, refer to dermatology .
Risk factors for skin cancer(melanoma and both non-melanoma)
Blistering sunburn as a child, history of sunburns, light skin, chronic exposure to UV light
(sunlight/tanning beds), moles, family hx for skin cancer
Melanoma symptoms (ABCDE)
asymmetry (shape/uneven texture) border
(irregular/notched/blurred) color (variegated colors from
black, blue, dark to light brown) diameter (size >6mm size of
pencil eraser or larger) evolving (changes in
color/size/shape) may be itchy
Acral lengtiginous melanoma
Most common type of melanoma in dark skinned individuals (blacks & asians)
, --> look for longitudinal brown to black bands under the nailbed. a changing spot or mole in the
palms, or the soles of the feet
seborrheic keratosis soft, round, wart-like growth that is light tan to
black and looks pasted on asymptomatic &benign
Bacterial Meningitis Bacteria
Streptococcus pneumoniae- most common strain
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria meningitidis
Escherichia coli
*others
Bacterial meningitis symptoms (Classic Triad)
High fever
Nuchal rigidity
rapid change in mental status w/ headache Triad=neck up erythematous spot-like rash (petechiae)
ecchymosis to purple-colored lesions (purpura) which are non-blanchable
Is bacterial meningitis a reportable disease yes!
Treatment for Bacterial meningitis-patient
IV Abx ASAP, resp/droplet iso for first 24-48 hrs, hydrate (low maintenance after initial fluid
correction), Maintain ventilation and reduce increased intra cranial pressure if present
