WGU C180 Practice Test, WGU psych final Exam Questions & Correct Answers

Which belief illustrates situational attribution? When a vehicle suddenly moves in front of another car, the driver must have had an emergency. Which type of therapy is based on the belief that an individual's interpretation of events is what causes unhappiness, rather than unhappiness being caused by the actual events? Rational-emotive therapy Neural impulses are able to travel the neural pathways with assistance from chemicals called neurotransmitters. What is the function of the neurotransmitter serotonin? It affects mood. A firefighter hears the station alarm each time a fire is reported. Later, while fighting the fire, the firefighter's heart is racing. According to Pavlov, which learned association is most likely to develop in this scenario? The firefighter learns to react emotionally in a similar way to the alarm as to the fire. Which component of the nervous system is integral in activating the body's fight-or-flight response? Sympathetic nervous system According to Freud, which concept is a component of the id? Pleasure principle During a college's spirit week, students are arbitrarily assigned to two teams for a series of competitive activities. Two friends are placed on separate teams and find their friendship strains during the competition. Which phenomenon accounts for this strain? Outgroup bias Researcher Abraham Maslow claims that people strive to satisfy certain needs as they approach self-actualization. Which perspective is most closely associated with this view? Humanistic Loto has been approached by a member of his social club to volunteer one day a week at the local food bank, a charity that the club has decided to support. Loto is busy with his home and family but realizes that helping will increase his feelings of giving to the community and enhance how members of the club may view him. He decides to make the time in his schedule for this volunteer effort. What is this an example of, in terms of altruism? Social exchange theory Which disorder is classified as an anxiety disorder? Social phobia Which part of the brain is responsible for memory? Hippocampus What does the hippocampus influence? Memory A child's parents want to teach their child to use the toilet by using positive reinforcement. Which schedule of positive reinforcement would be most helpful to parents wanting to achieve rapid learning? The parents should use a continuous reinforcement schedule because it can produce rapid learning. Franco has been away from his hometown in Italy for more than 30 years, but he can still paint it from memory with impressive accuracy. Which memory is Franco using? Long-term memory A farmer drives a truck full of feed for cattle into a field. The farmer honks the horn when driving into the field. On the third day, the farmer drives into the field and honks the horn, and the cattle start moving toward the truck. Which theorist is associated with studying this type of behavior? Ivan Pavlov What did Carl Rogers say was necessary for a growth-promoting environment? Unconditional positive regard Which therapeutic approach is effectively a laboratory for improving social relationships? Group therapy Which type of therapeutic drug is Xanax? Antianxiety What does the cerebellum influence? balance and fine motor movement A patient regularly hears two voices conversing with each other and reports that the voices are being controlled by the CIA. The patient's speech has grown increasingly irrelevant to the situation. The patient bathes infrequently and demonstrates a reduced range of emotional expressiveness. Which mental disorder is the patient most likely suffering from? Schizophrenia A group of individuals who are moderately opposed to the death penalty meet to discuss the issue. After two hours of discussion, most find themselves more strongly opposed to the death penalty than they were before the meeting. Which concept is this scenario an example of? Group polarization How would a learning theorist characterize a child not saying a curse word after witnessing a sibling's severe punishment for saying the curse word? As an observationally learned behavior In which situation is a participant most likely to conform, according to the results of Asch's study of conformity? When everyone else in the group expresses the same opinion Phineas Gage was involved in a serious railway construction accident in 1848. A steel rod went through his left cheek and exited through the top of his head. After he recovered, people who knew him noticed that his personality and behavior were different. Eventually, descriptions of Gage before and after the accident provided evidence that the frontal lobe is involved in executive functioning. Which research method does the study of Gage represent? Case study Which level of need must be met before the need for belongingness and love can be satisfied, according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs? Physiological Attraction includes three psychological determinants. Physical attractiveness and repeated contact are two. What is the third determinant? Similarity According to psychodynamic psychology, what is depression the result of? Suppressed aggressive drives Using Aaron Beck's theory, a therapist focuses on how patterns of thinking influence the feelings a client experiences in reaction to an event in the client's life. The therapist seeks to help the client understand how the emotional response results from the client's interpretation of the event. Which theoretical orientation is this? Cognitive How can psychological researchers reduce the impact of their own biases? By collecting all the data from experiments before running the statistics Which type of therapeutic drug is bipolar disorder commonly treated with? Mood stabilizer A company's research department is under strong pressure to solve an urgent problem with one of the company's products. In their urgency, the department's executives decide to focus on one possible solution and refuse to consider alternatives. Which dynamic does this scenario best illustrate? Groupthink Which term arose from research seeking to understand why a group of strangers are unlikely to help another person in a moment of need? Bystander effect What is an Eysenck personality dimension that is characterized by one's emotional response to stimuli? Neuroticism In Pavlov's original demonstration of classical conditioning, what did the dog's salivation to the ringing of the bell represent? Conditioned response A teenager asks a parent for help with calculus homework. The parent has not solved calculus problems in more than 20 years and remembers very little about it. Storage decay Neural impulses are able to travel the neural pathways with assistance from chemicals called neurotransmitters. Which neurotransmitter enables muscle action? Acetylcholine What kind of disorder is bipolar disorder? mood disorder Which disorder is classified as an anxiety disorder? Post-traumatic stress disorder Which structure is closely associated with reproduction in males? Testes Who was a key figure in the development of psychoanalysis? Sigmund Freud A therapist is helping clients become more aware of patterns of irrational negative thinking. The therapist encourages the clients to replace negative thoughts with a more balanced perspective and asks them to practice this new approach between treatment sessions. Which theoretical orientation does this approach represent? Cognitive-behavioral A patient reports experiencing intense periods of discomfort over the past month. These incidents developed abruptly and generally persist for approximately 15 minutes. The patient notes an accelerated heart rate, shortness of breath, dizziness, intense chest pain, and a fear of dying during such episodes. The patient was examined by a physician, who determined that a heart attack was not the cause of these symptoms. The patient now experiences persistent concern about having additional episodes. Which mental disorder is the patient most likely suffering from? Panic disorder A person makes a donation to a charity because it feels good. The person also receives a thank-you gift and positive attention from peers. What explains this person's decision to donate? Social exchange theory Suppose there is a positive correlation between age and life satisfaction. What conclusion does the correlation support? As age increases, the level of life satisfaction also increases. A 50-year-old person who has not ridden a bicycle since childhood gets on a bicycle and rides effortlessly without even thinking about it. What type of memory is being used in this situation? Implicit memory Which principle should be established in any psychological study? Participants should be protected from needless harm. A therapist seeks to increase a client's self-awareness and selfacceptance, also known as person-centered therapy based on Carl Roger's theory. Which theoretical orientation is this? Humanistic What would a learning theorist characterize as an operantly conditioned behavior? Using oven mitts after burning a hand on a hot stove Who was a key figure in the development of the behaviorist school of psychological thought? B. F. Skinner Which type of therapeutic drug is Prozac? Antidepression What is most commonly treated with antipsychotic medications? Schizophrenia What does the hypothalamus influence? Pleasure Which theorist claims that personality derives from sexually charged subconscious forces? Sigmund Freud Which type of memory holds information until it can be encoded? Short-term memory How would a learning theorist characterize having the desire to take part in highly stimulating activities because of past reinforcement? As an operantly conditioned behavior What type of Therapeutic drug is Xanax Antianxiety Who was a key figure in the development of Psychoanalysis Freud A 50-year-old person who has not ridden a bicycle since childhood gets on a bicycle and rides effortlessly without even thinking about it. What type of memory is being used in this situation? Implicit Memory A firefighter hears the station alarm each time a fire is reported. Later, while fighting the fire, the firefighter's heart is racing. According to Pavlov, which learned association is most likely to develop in this scenario? The firefighter learns to react with the same emotion of the fire as hearing the alarm Attraction includes three psychological determinants. Physical attractiveness and repeated contact are two. What is the third determinant? Similarity A person makes a donation to a charity because it feels good. The person also receives a thank-you gift and positive attention from peers. What explains this person's decision to donate? Social exchange theory A group of individuals who are moderately opposed to the death penalty meet to discuss the issue. After two hours of discussion, most find themselves more strongly opposed to the death penalty than they were before the meeting. Which concept is this scenario an example of? Group polarization According to psychodynamic psychology, what is depression the result of? Suppressed aggressive drives Which disorder is classified as an anxiety disorder? A. Bipolar Disorder B. Alzheimer's Disease C. Social Phobia D. DID C. Social Phobia