NURS 1230 PEDIATRICS EXAM #2 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is cerebral palsy? - ANS abnormal development of, or damage to, the motor areas of
the brain
What causes cerebral palsy? - ANS brain injury and anoxia at birth
How do you heal contractures caused by cerebal palsy? - ANS surgical release
What is spina bifida? - ANS A birth defect in which a developing baby's spinal cord fails to
develop properly.
How do you prevent spina bifida? - ANS Folic Acid supplementation early in pregnancy
What are 3 deficits from spina bifida? - ANS paralysis, incontinence, no sexual stimulation
What is spina bifida occulta? - ANS section of spinal vertebrae is malformed, cord and nerves
are normal, hairy patch
What is spina bifida meningocele? - ANS Membrane around cord is enlarged with cyst-like
sac, spinal cord is protruding out but still protected by myelin sheath
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, What is spina bifida myelomeningocele? - ANS Severe form of spina bifida herniation of the
meninges, cerebral spinal fluid and the spinal cord extend through the spinal column and a cyst
forms. Not protected by myelin sheath
What are nursing interventions for meningocele and myelomeningocele? - ANS protect open
defects with sterile NS dressings, lie child in prone position
What are some treatment approaches for spina bifida? - ANS surgical correction, prevention
of infection, prevent further spinal cord damage, radiant warmers
What is scoliosis? - ANS Curvature of the spine from normal spine positioning
Who has a poor prognosis with scoliosis? - ANS girls with right sided scoliosis
What side are most spinal curvatures to? - ANS left
What are some treatment approaches for scoliosis? - ANS bracing, casting, surgical
interventions, spinal fusion
What is sickle cell disease? - ANS abnormal shape of RBCs
What does a sickle shape of RBCs cause? - ANS blood becomes more viscous, cells clump
together preventing normal blood flowing to the tissues of that area
What is a sickle cell pain crisis? - ANS circulation is decreased to an area of the body due to
clumped RBCs and causes pain
Who is at high risk for sickle cell anemia? - ANS african americans and mediterraneans
2 Copyright ©2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is cerebral palsy? - ANS abnormal development of, or damage to, the motor areas of
the brain
What causes cerebral palsy? - ANS brain injury and anoxia at birth
How do you heal contractures caused by cerebal palsy? - ANS surgical release
What is spina bifida? - ANS A birth defect in which a developing baby's spinal cord fails to
develop properly.
How do you prevent spina bifida? - ANS Folic Acid supplementation early in pregnancy
What are 3 deficits from spina bifida? - ANS paralysis, incontinence, no sexual stimulation
What is spina bifida occulta? - ANS section of spinal vertebrae is malformed, cord and nerves
are normal, hairy patch
What is spina bifida meningocele? - ANS Membrane around cord is enlarged with cyst-like
sac, spinal cord is protruding out but still protected by myelin sheath
1 Copyright ©2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, What is spina bifida myelomeningocele? - ANS Severe form of spina bifida herniation of the
meninges, cerebral spinal fluid and the spinal cord extend through the spinal column and a cyst
forms. Not protected by myelin sheath
What are nursing interventions for meningocele and myelomeningocele? - ANS protect open
defects with sterile NS dressings, lie child in prone position
What are some treatment approaches for spina bifida? - ANS surgical correction, prevention
of infection, prevent further spinal cord damage, radiant warmers
What is scoliosis? - ANS Curvature of the spine from normal spine positioning
Who has a poor prognosis with scoliosis? - ANS girls with right sided scoliosis
What side are most spinal curvatures to? - ANS left
What are some treatment approaches for scoliosis? - ANS bracing, casting, surgical
interventions, spinal fusion
What is sickle cell disease? - ANS abnormal shape of RBCs
What does a sickle shape of RBCs cause? - ANS blood becomes more viscous, cells clump
together preventing normal blood flowing to the tissues of that area
What is a sickle cell pain crisis? - ANS circulation is decreased to an area of the body due to
clumped RBCs and causes pain
Who is at high risk for sickle cell anemia? - ANS african americans and mediterraneans
2 Copyright ©2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
