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HESI LPN to ADN Entrance Exam
2025/2026 – Mobility Version with
Fully Verified A+ Answers & Expert
Explanations
Anatomy and Physiology (15 Questions)
1. Which structure in the kidney filters blood to form urine?
A. Glomerulus
B. Loop of Henle
C. Collecting duct
D. Proximal tubule
A. Glomerulus
Rationale: The glomerulus is a network of capillaries that filters blood to form the
initial filtrate in urine production. The Loop of Henle concentrates urine, the
collecting duct finalizes urine composition, and the proximal tubule reabsorbs
nutrients, per Tortora’s Principles of Anatomy and Physiology.
2. What is the primary function of the hypothalamus?
A. Regulate heart rate
B. Control body temperature
C. Produce red blood cells
D. Filter toxins
B. Control body temperature
Rationale: The hypothalamus regulates body temperature, hormone release, and
homeostasis. Heart rate is controlled by the medulla oblongata, red blood cells are
produced in bone marrow, and toxins are filtered by the liver and kidneys, per
Guyton’s Textbook of Medical Physiology.
3. Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
A. Veins
B. Capillaries
C. Arteries
D. Venules
C. Arteries
Rationale: Arteries carry blood away from the heart, typically oxygenated (except
, 2
pulmonary arteries). Veins return blood to the heart, capillaries facilitate exchange,
and venules collect blood from capillaries, per Tortora’s Anatomy and Physiology.
4. What is the normal range for adult resting heart rate?
A. 40–60 bpm
B. 60–100 bpm
C. 100–120 bpm
D. 120–140 bpm
B. 60–100 bpm
Rationale: The normal adult resting heart rate is 60–100 beats per minute, per
HESI A2 standards and Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference. Other
ranges may indicate bradycardia or tachycardia.
5. Which organ produces insulin?
A. Liver
B. Pancreas
C. Spleen
D. Thyroid
B. Pancreas
Rationale: The pancreas produces insulin in the beta cells of the islets of
Langerhans to regulate blood glucose. The liver metabolizes glucose, the spleen
filters blood, and the thyroid produces thyroid hormones, per Tortora’s Anatomy
and Physiology.
6. What is the function of the epiglottis?
A. Produce saliva
B. Prevent food from entering the trachea
C. Filter air
D. Regulate vocal cords
B. Prevent food from entering the trachea
Rationale: The epiglottis closes over the trachea during swallowing to prevent food
or liquid aspiration. Saliva is produced by salivary glands, air is filtered by nasal
passages, and vocal cords are regulated by the larynx, per Tortora’s Anatomy and
Physiology.
7. Which type of muscle is under voluntary control?
A. Cardiac
B. Smooth
C. Skeletal
D. Involuntary
C. Skeletal
Rationale: Skeletal muscle is voluntary, controlled by the somatic nervous system.
HESI LPN to ADN Entrance Exam
2025/2026 – Mobility Version with
Fully Verified A+ Answers & Expert
Explanations
Anatomy and Physiology (15 Questions)
1. Which structure in the kidney filters blood to form urine?
A. Glomerulus
B. Loop of Henle
C. Collecting duct
D. Proximal tubule
A. Glomerulus
Rationale: The glomerulus is a network of capillaries that filters blood to form the
initial filtrate in urine production. The Loop of Henle concentrates urine, the
collecting duct finalizes urine composition, and the proximal tubule reabsorbs
nutrients, per Tortora’s Principles of Anatomy and Physiology.
2. What is the primary function of the hypothalamus?
A. Regulate heart rate
B. Control body temperature
C. Produce red blood cells
D. Filter toxins
B. Control body temperature
Rationale: The hypothalamus regulates body temperature, hormone release, and
homeostasis. Heart rate is controlled by the medulla oblongata, red blood cells are
produced in bone marrow, and toxins are filtered by the liver and kidneys, per
Guyton’s Textbook of Medical Physiology.
3. Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
A. Veins
B. Capillaries
C. Arteries
D. Venules
C. Arteries
Rationale: Arteries carry blood away from the heart, typically oxygenated (except
, 2
pulmonary arteries). Veins return blood to the heart, capillaries facilitate exchange,
and venules collect blood from capillaries, per Tortora’s Anatomy and Physiology.
4. What is the normal range for adult resting heart rate?
A. 40–60 bpm
B. 60–100 bpm
C. 100–120 bpm
D. 120–140 bpm
B. 60–100 bpm
Rationale: The normal adult resting heart rate is 60–100 beats per minute, per
HESI A2 standards and Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference. Other
ranges may indicate bradycardia or tachycardia.
5. Which organ produces insulin?
A. Liver
B. Pancreas
C. Spleen
D. Thyroid
B. Pancreas
Rationale: The pancreas produces insulin in the beta cells of the islets of
Langerhans to regulate blood glucose. The liver metabolizes glucose, the spleen
filters blood, and the thyroid produces thyroid hormones, per Tortora’s Anatomy
and Physiology.
6. What is the function of the epiglottis?
A. Produce saliva
B. Prevent food from entering the trachea
C. Filter air
D. Regulate vocal cords
B. Prevent food from entering the trachea
Rationale: The epiglottis closes over the trachea during swallowing to prevent food
or liquid aspiration. Saliva is produced by salivary glands, air is filtered by nasal
passages, and vocal cords are regulated by the larynx, per Tortora’s Anatomy and
Physiology.
7. Which type of muscle is under voluntary control?
A. Cardiac
B. Smooth
C. Skeletal
D. Involuntary
C. Skeletal
Rationale: Skeletal muscle is voluntary, controlled by the somatic nervous system.
