1
HESI LPN to ADN Entrance
Exam 2025/2026 – Mobility
Version with Fully Verified A+
Answers & Expert
Explanations
Anatomy and Physiology (15 Questions)
1. Which structure is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses from one neuron to
another?
A. Axon
B. Dendrite
C. Synapse
D. Myelin sheath
C. Synapse
Rationale: The synapse is the junction where nerve impulses are transmitted
between neurons or from a neuron to a muscle cell. Axons conduct impulses away
from the cell body, dendrites receive impulses, and the myelin sheath insulates axons
to speed conduction. Per Tortora’s Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, the
synapse is critical for neural communication.
2. What is the primary function of the alveoli in the lungs?
A. Filter air particles
B. Produce mucus
C. Gas exchange
D. Protect against infections
C. Gas exchange
Rationale: Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide
are exchanged between the air and blood. Filtering occurs in the upper airways,
mucus is produced by goblet cells, and immunity is supported by other mechanisms,
per Tortora’s Anatomy and Physiology.
, 2
3. Which hormone regulates blood calcium levels?
A. Insulin
B. Parathyroid hormone
C. Cortisol
D. Thyroxine
B. Parathyroid hormone
Rationale: Parathyroid hormone (PTH), secreted by the parathyroid glands,
increases blood calcium by stimulating bone resorption, renal reabsorption, and
vitamin D activation. Insulin regulates glucose, cortisol manages stress, and
thyroxine controls metabolism, per Guyton’s Textbook of Medical Physiology.
4. What is the normal range for red blood cell (RBC) count in adult males?
A. 2.5–3.5 million/mcL
B. 4.35–5.65 million/mcL
C. 6.0–7.5 million/mcL
D. 8.0–9.0 million/mcL
B. 4.35–5.65 million/mcL
Rationale: The normal RBC count for adult males is 4.35–5.65 million/mcL, per
HESI LPN-ADN Mobility Exam standards and clinical lab references (e.g., Mosby’s
Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference). Other ranges are incorrect and may
indicate anemia or polycythemia.
5. Which part of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
A. Left atrium
B. Right atrium
C. Left ventricle
D. Right ventricle
B. Right atrium
Rationale: The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and
inferior vena cavae, which is then pumped to the right ventricle and lungs. The left
atrium and ventricle handle oxygenated blood, per Tortora’s Anatomy and
Physiology.
6. What is the primary source of energy for skeletal muscles during prolonged exercise?
A. Glucose
B. Fatty acids
C. Amino acids
D. Lactic acid
B. Fatty acids
Rationale: During prolonged exercise, skeletal muscles primarily use fatty acids for
energy via aerobic metabolism, as they provide a sustained energy source. Glucose is
, 3
used initially, amino acids are spared, and lactic acid is a byproduct, per Guyton’s
Textbook of Medical Physiology.
7. Which cranial nerve is responsible for facial sensation and chewing?
A. Trigeminal (V)
B. Facial (VII)
C. Vagus (X)
D. Hypoglossal (XII)
A. Trigeminal (V)
Rationale: The trigeminal nerve (V) controls facial sensation and motor functions
like chewing. The facial nerve (VII) manages facial expressions, the vagus (X)
regulates visceral functions, and the hypoglossal (XII) controls tongue movement,
per Tortora’s Anatomy and Physiology.
8. What is the normal hemoglobin range for adult females?
A. 8.0–10.0 g/dL
B. 11.6–15.0 g/dL
C. 16.0–18.0 g/dL
D. 19.0–22.0 g/dL
B. 11.6–15.0 g/dL
Rationale: The normal hemoglobin range for adult females is 11.6–15.0 g/dL, per
HESI LPN-ADN Mobility Exam standards and Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory
Test Reference. Other ranges may indicate anemia or other abnormalities.
9. Which structure connects the kidneys to the bladder?
A. Urethra
B. Ureter
C. Renal artery
D. Nephron
B. Ureter
Rationale: The ureters are tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the
bladder. The urethra carries urine from the bladder to the exterior, the renal artery
supplies blood, and the nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, per Tortora’s
Anatomy and Physiology.
10. What is the role of the pancreas in digestion?
A. Secretes bile
B. Produces digestive enzymes
C. Absorbs nutrients
D. Stores glycogen
B. Produces digestive enzymes
Rationale: The pancreas produces digestive enzymes (e.g., amylase, lipase, protease)
HESI LPN to ADN Entrance
Exam 2025/2026 – Mobility
Version with Fully Verified A+
Answers & Expert
Explanations
Anatomy and Physiology (15 Questions)
1. Which structure is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses from one neuron to
another?
A. Axon
B. Dendrite
C. Synapse
D. Myelin sheath
C. Synapse
Rationale: The synapse is the junction where nerve impulses are transmitted
between neurons or from a neuron to a muscle cell. Axons conduct impulses away
from the cell body, dendrites receive impulses, and the myelin sheath insulates axons
to speed conduction. Per Tortora’s Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, the
synapse is critical for neural communication.
2. What is the primary function of the alveoli in the lungs?
A. Filter air particles
B. Produce mucus
C. Gas exchange
D. Protect against infections
C. Gas exchange
Rationale: Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide
are exchanged between the air and blood. Filtering occurs in the upper airways,
mucus is produced by goblet cells, and immunity is supported by other mechanisms,
per Tortora’s Anatomy and Physiology.
, 2
3. Which hormone regulates blood calcium levels?
A. Insulin
B. Parathyroid hormone
C. Cortisol
D. Thyroxine
B. Parathyroid hormone
Rationale: Parathyroid hormone (PTH), secreted by the parathyroid glands,
increases blood calcium by stimulating bone resorption, renal reabsorption, and
vitamin D activation. Insulin regulates glucose, cortisol manages stress, and
thyroxine controls metabolism, per Guyton’s Textbook of Medical Physiology.
4. What is the normal range for red blood cell (RBC) count in adult males?
A. 2.5–3.5 million/mcL
B. 4.35–5.65 million/mcL
C. 6.0–7.5 million/mcL
D. 8.0–9.0 million/mcL
B. 4.35–5.65 million/mcL
Rationale: The normal RBC count for adult males is 4.35–5.65 million/mcL, per
HESI LPN-ADN Mobility Exam standards and clinical lab references (e.g., Mosby’s
Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference). Other ranges are incorrect and may
indicate anemia or polycythemia.
5. Which part of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
A. Left atrium
B. Right atrium
C. Left ventricle
D. Right ventricle
B. Right atrium
Rationale: The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and
inferior vena cavae, which is then pumped to the right ventricle and lungs. The left
atrium and ventricle handle oxygenated blood, per Tortora’s Anatomy and
Physiology.
6. What is the primary source of energy for skeletal muscles during prolonged exercise?
A. Glucose
B. Fatty acids
C. Amino acids
D. Lactic acid
B. Fatty acids
Rationale: During prolonged exercise, skeletal muscles primarily use fatty acids for
energy via aerobic metabolism, as they provide a sustained energy source. Glucose is
, 3
used initially, amino acids are spared, and lactic acid is a byproduct, per Guyton’s
Textbook of Medical Physiology.
7. Which cranial nerve is responsible for facial sensation and chewing?
A. Trigeminal (V)
B. Facial (VII)
C. Vagus (X)
D. Hypoglossal (XII)
A. Trigeminal (V)
Rationale: The trigeminal nerve (V) controls facial sensation and motor functions
like chewing. The facial nerve (VII) manages facial expressions, the vagus (X)
regulates visceral functions, and the hypoglossal (XII) controls tongue movement,
per Tortora’s Anatomy and Physiology.
8. What is the normal hemoglobin range for adult females?
A. 8.0–10.0 g/dL
B. 11.6–15.0 g/dL
C. 16.0–18.0 g/dL
D. 19.0–22.0 g/dL
B. 11.6–15.0 g/dL
Rationale: The normal hemoglobin range for adult females is 11.6–15.0 g/dL, per
HESI LPN-ADN Mobility Exam standards and Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory
Test Reference. Other ranges may indicate anemia or other abnormalities.
9. Which structure connects the kidneys to the bladder?
A. Urethra
B. Ureter
C. Renal artery
D. Nephron
B. Ureter
Rationale: The ureters are tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the
bladder. The urethra carries urine from the bladder to the exterior, the renal artery
supplies blood, and the nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, per Tortora’s
Anatomy and Physiology.
10. What is the role of the pancreas in digestion?
A. Secretes bile
B. Produces digestive enzymes
C. Absorbs nutrients
D. Stores glycogen
B. Produces digestive enzymes
Rationale: The pancreas produces digestive enzymes (e.g., amylase, lipase, protease)
