FRESENIUS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS RATED A+
Whatfbleachfsolutionfmustfallfsurfacesfbefcleanedfwith?f-fCORRECTfANSWERS1:100
Whatfbleachfsolutionfisfusedftofdisinfectflargefbloodfspills?f-fCORRECTfANSWERS1:10
Whatfisfasepticftechnique?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSAf setfoffpracticesf andfproceduresf performedfunderf carefullyf controll
edfconditionsfwithfthefgoalfoffminimizingfcontaminationfbyfpathogens.
Listfthreefbloodfbornefpathogensfthatfmayfbeffoundfinfafdialysisfunit?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSHepf B,fHepfCf &fHIV
Whatfisfanfexposurefincident?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSAf blood/bodyffluidfsplashf orf sprayfoccurringftofthefeyes,f noseforf mou
thforftofnon-
intactfskin.fAfcontaminatedfsharpsfinjuryfisfalsofconsideredfanfexposurefincident.
Whatfstepsfshouldfyouftakefduringfanfexposurefincident?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERS1.fWash/rinsef thefarea
2.fReportfincidentftofthefclinicalfmanagerforfchargefnursef(iffCMfnotfpresent)
3.fSeekfmedicalftreatmentfw/inf1-2fhrsf(exposureftxfandfcounseling)
4.OSHAfdocumentationfandfworkman'sfcompfdocumentationfasfapplies
WhyfarefHepfBfpatientsfdialyzedfinfisolationfrooms?f-fCORRECTfANSWERS-
HepfBfisfextremelyfcontagious
-Itfcanflivefoutsidefthefbodyfforfupftof7fdays
WhyfarefHepfCfpatientsfdialyzedfinfthefclinicfareafandfnotfinfisolation?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERS-Hepf Cf isf notfasf contagiousfasf Hepf B
-Itfdoesfnotfsurvivefveryflongfonfthefoutsidefoffthefbody
WhatfbloodftestfindicatesfinfectionfwithfHepfB?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSHbsAgf isftheftestfforf thefHepf Bfantigen.fThisf indicatesfactualf viralf pre
sence.
WhichfbloodftestfindicatesfthefpresencefoffimmunityfagainstfHepfB?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSHbsAbf isftheftestfforf thefantibodies.fItf indicatesf thefpresencefoff imm
unityfagainstfHepatitisfB.
Whichfvaccinefprovidesflong-termfimmunityftofHepfB?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSMultiplef injectionsfoffeitherf Recombivaxf orfEngerixf vaccine.fTheyf h
elpfproducefHepfBfantibodies
HowfisfTBfspread?f-fCORRECTfANSWERSAirbornefdropletsffromfinfectedfindividuals
HowfdofyoufpreventfTBfinfthefclinic?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSActivefTBfpatientsfcannotf dialyzef infclinics.f Ptfmustf havef 3f consecuti
vefnegativefsputumfculturesfbeforefthefcanfreturnfdialyzingfinfclinic.
WhatfarefVREf&fMRSA?f-fCORRECTfANSWERSVRE:fafgroupfoffgram-
negativefbacteriafthatflvefinfhefintestinalftractfthatfcanfcausefinfectionfanywherefinfthefbody.f
Theyfarefresistantftofseveralfantibiotics.fVREfcanfsurvivefoutsidefoffthefbodyfonfsurfacesfforf
asflongfasfsevenfdays.
MRSA:fdifferentfvarietiesfstaphfbacteria.fTheyfarefnormallyffoundfonfthefskinforfinfthefnosefof
faboutf1/3f offpeople.fWhenfaf personf isfinfectedf theyfaref resistantftofantibioticsf commonlyf use
dftoftreatfordinaryfstaphfinfections.fMRSAfcanfsurvivefoutsidefthefbodyfforfasflongfasf7fdays.
, WhatfprecautionsfdofyouftakefwhilefcaringfforfafMRSA/VREfpatient?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSTheyf dofnotfneedf isolationfbutfshouldfbef seatedfinf thef samefareaf asf
othersfinfected.fProperfdesignatedfPPEfshouldfbefwornfspecificallyfforfthosefpatients.fHAN
DWASHINGfonlyf40-
60fseconds.fTheyfneedftofhaveftheirfownfbpfcuff,fstethoscope,ftourniquetfetc.fOpenfwounds/f
dressingfshouldfneverfbefchangedfinfthefclinic.fCVCfdressingsfshouldfbefdisposedfoffinfshar
pfcontainer.
Whatfarefthefanatomicalfstructuresfoffthefurnaryfsystemfinforderfoffurinefflow?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERS1.f 2fKidneys
2.f2fUreters
3.fBladder
4.fUrethra
Whatfareftheffunctionsfoffafhealthyfkidney?f-fCORRECTfANSWERS-removefwaste
-removeffluids
-regulatefpH
-regulatefelectrolytes
Whatfarefthefhormonalffunctionsfoffthefkidneys?f-fCORRECTfANSWERS-
releasefreninftofhelpfregulateforfcontrolfBP,fpotassiumfandfsodium
-productionfofferythropoietin:fstimulatesfRBCfproduction
-regulationfoffcalcium/phosphorusfbalancefthroughfactivationfoffVitaminfD
Whatfisfthefnephronfandfwhatfisfitsffunction?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSItf isf theffunctionalf unitf offthef kidney.f Itffiltersfbloodffromf thefurine.
Whatfisfthefglomerulusfandfwhatfisfitsffunction?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSItf isf atf thefbeginningf offthef nephron,f it'sfafnetworkfoff capillariesf thatfp
erformsftheffirstfstepfofffilteringfthefblood.fItffiltersfwaterfandfsolutesfintofBowman'sfcapsule.
Whatftwoffunctionsfoffhealthyfkidneysfcanfbefreplacedfbyfdialysis?f-fCORRECTfANSWERS-
fluidfremoval
-cleaningfoffwastes
Whatfisfthefdifferencefbetweenfacutefrenalffailurefandfchronicfrenalffailure?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSAcute:fsuddenf rapidfonset;f severefbutfoftenfreversible
Chronic:fslow,fprogressivefandfpremanent
Whatfarefthreefcommonfcausesfoffrenalffailure?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERS1.Diabeticf nephropathyforf glomeruloscerosis
2.fHypertensionf
3.fGlomerulonephritis
Whatfarefclassicfsignsfandfsymptomsfoffrenalffailureforfuremia?f-fCORRECTfANSWERS-
ElevatedfserumflevelsfoffBUN/Creatinine,fpotassium,fphosphous
-Anemia
-Fluidfoverload
-Lethargy
-Weakness
-Headache
-Edema
-Yellow-Grayfappearancefoffthefskin
-HighfBP
-fItching
CORRECT ANSWERS RATED A+
Whatfbleachfsolutionfmustfallfsurfacesfbefcleanedfwith?f-fCORRECTfANSWERS1:100
Whatfbleachfsolutionfisfusedftofdisinfectflargefbloodfspills?f-fCORRECTfANSWERS1:10
Whatfisfasepticftechnique?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSAf setfoffpracticesf andfproceduresf performedfunderf carefullyf controll
edfconditionsfwithfthefgoalfoffminimizingfcontaminationfbyfpathogens.
Listfthreefbloodfbornefpathogensfthatfmayfbeffoundfinfafdialysisfunit?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSHepf B,fHepfCf &fHIV
Whatfisfanfexposurefincident?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSAf blood/bodyffluidfsplashf orf sprayfoccurringftofthefeyes,f noseforf mou
thforftofnon-
intactfskin.fAfcontaminatedfsharpsfinjuryfisfalsofconsideredfanfexposurefincident.
Whatfstepsfshouldfyouftakefduringfanfexposurefincident?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERS1.fWash/rinsef thefarea
2.fReportfincidentftofthefclinicalfmanagerforfchargefnursef(iffCMfnotfpresent)
3.fSeekfmedicalftreatmentfw/inf1-2fhrsf(exposureftxfandfcounseling)
4.OSHAfdocumentationfandfworkman'sfcompfdocumentationfasfapplies
WhyfarefHepfBfpatientsfdialyzedfinfisolationfrooms?f-fCORRECTfANSWERS-
HepfBfisfextremelyfcontagious
-Itfcanflivefoutsidefthefbodyfforfupftof7fdays
WhyfarefHepfCfpatientsfdialyzedfinfthefclinicfareafandfnotfinfisolation?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERS-Hepf Cf isf notfasf contagiousfasf Hepf B
-Itfdoesfnotfsurvivefveryflongfonfthefoutsidefoffthefbody
WhatfbloodftestfindicatesfinfectionfwithfHepfB?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSHbsAgf isftheftestfforf thefHepf Bfantigen.fThisf indicatesfactualf viralf pre
sence.
WhichfbloodftestfindicatesfthefpresencefoffimmunityfagainstfHepfB?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSHbsAbf isftheftestfforf thefantibodies.fItf indicatesf thefpresencefoff imm
unityfagainstfHepatitisfB.
Whichfvaccinefprovidesflong-termfimmunityftofHepfB?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSMultiplef injectionsfoffeitherf Recombivaxf orfEngerixf vaccine.fTheyf h
elpfproducefHepfBfantibodies
HowfisfTBfspread?f-fCORRECTfANSWERSAirbornefdropletsffromfinfectedfindividuals
HowfdofyoufpreventfTBfinfthefclinic?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSActivefTBfpatientsfcannotf dialyzef infclinics.f Ptfmustf havef 3f consecuti
vefnegativefsputumfculturesfbeforefthefcanfreturnfdialyzingfinfclinic.
WhatfarefVREf&fMRSA?f-fCORRECTfANSWERSVRE:fafgroupfoffgram-
negativefbacteriafthatflvefinfhefintestinalftractfthatfcanfcausefinfectionfanywherefinfthefbody.f
Theyfarefresistantftofseveralfantibiotics.fVREfcanfsurvivefoutsidefoffthefbodyfonfsurfacesfforf
asflongfasfsevenfdays.
MRSA:fdifferentfvarietiesfstaphfbacteria.fTheyfarefnormallyffoundfonfthefskinforfinfthefnosefof
faboutf1/3f offpeople.fWhenfaf personf isfinfectedf theyfaref resistantftofantibioticsf commonlyf use
dftoftreatfordinaryfstaphfinfections.fMRSAfcanfsurvivefoutsidefthefbodyfforfasflongfasf7fdays.
, WhatfprecautionsfdofyouftakefwhilefcaringfforfafMRSA/VREfpatient?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSTheyf dofnotfneedf isolationfbutfshouldfbef seatedfinf thef samefareaf asf
othersfinfected.fProperfdesignatedfPPEfshouldfbefwornfspecificallyfforfthosefpatients.fHAN
DWASHINGfonlyf40-
60fseconds.fTheyfneedftofhaveftheirfownfbpfcuff,fstethoscope,ftourniquetfetc.fOpenfwounds/f
dressingfshouldfneverfbefchangedfinfthefclinic.fCVCfdressingsfshouldfbefdisposedfoffinfshar
pfcontainer.
Whatfarefthefanatomicalfstructuresfoffthefurnaryfsystemfinforderfoffurinefflow?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERS1.f 2fKidneys
2.f2fUreters
3.fBladder
4.fUrethra
Whatfareftheffunctionsfoffafhealthyfkidney?f-fCORRECTfANSWERS-removefwaste
-removeffluids
-regulatefpH
-regulatefelectrolytes
Whatfarefthefhormonalffunctionsfoffthefkidneys?f-fCORRECTfANSWERS-
releasefreninftofhelpfregulateforfcontrolfBP,fpotassiumfandfsodium
-productionfofferythropoietin:fstimulatesfRBCfproduction
-regulationfoffcalcium/phosphorusfbalancefthroughfactivationfoffVitaminfD
Whatfisfthefnephronfandfwhatfisfitsffunction?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSItf isf theffunctionalf unitf offthef kidney.f Itffiltersfbloodffromf thefurine.
Whatfisfthefglomerulusfandfwhatfisfitsffunction?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSItf isf atf thefbeginningf offthef nephron,f it'sfafnetworkfoff capillariesf thatfp
erformsftheffirstfstepfofffilteringfthefblood.fItffiltersfwaterfandfsolutesfintofBowman'sfcapsule.
Whatftwoffunctionsfoffhealthyfkidneysfcanfbefreplacedfbyfdialysis?f-fCORRECTfANSWERS-
fluidfremoval
-cleaningfoffwastes
Whatfisfthefdifferencefbetweenfacutefrenalffailurefandfchronicfrenalffailure?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERSAcute:fsuddenf rapidfonset;f severefbutfoftenfreversible
Chronic:fslow,fprogressivefandfpremanent
Whatfarefthreefcommonfcausesfoffrenalffailure?f-
f CORRECTfANSWERS1.Diabeticf nephropathyforf glomeruloscerosis
2.fHypertensionf
3.fGlomerulonephritis
Whatfarefclassicfsignsfandfsymptomsfoffrenalffailureforfuremia?f-fCORRECTfANSWERS-
ElevatedfserumflevelsfoffBUN/Creatinine,fpotassium,fphosphous
-Anemia
-Fluidfoverload
-Lethargy
-Weakness
-Headache
-Edema
-Yellow-Grayfappearancefoffthefskin
-HighfBP
-fItching
