Biology 11 (SBI3U) - Unit 3 (Animals:
Structure & Function) Question and
answers correctly solved 2025
The pancreas produces three digestive enzymes
What are they and what do they do?
Also what base does it produce, and why - correct answer Amylase breaks
down complex carbohydrates into simple carbohydrates (sugars)
trypsin breaks down proteins into amino acids
lipase breaks down fats into fatty acids and monoglycerides.
The pancreas also helps neutralize chyme by producing bicarbonate. The
bicarbonate ions help neutralize the hydrochloric acid and increase the pH in
the duodenum to a pH of 9. If the pancreas is not working properly, starvation
may occur.
The four steps of Food processing + explain each - correct answer Ingestion:
Ingestion involves taking food into the mouth, chewing it, and swallowing it.
The mouth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, and stomach are involved in
ingestion.
Digestion:
Digestion is the second stage in the process of breaking down food into
molecules small enough for the body to absorb. It involves mechanical and
chemical digestion. Mechanical digestion is the physical breakdown of large
pieces of food into smaller pieces by the action of teeth, contractions and
,churning of the stomach, or other actions. Chemical digestion is the chemical
breakdown of nutrient molecules into smaller molecules by enzyme action.
Absorption:
Absorption is the transport of the products of digestion from the digestive
system into the circulatory system, which distributes them to the rest of the
body.
Elimination:
The final step in digestion is the elimination of undigested food content and
waste products.
Important notes about: the mouth - correct answer Starts the process of
breaking down food. Teeth are involved in mechanical digestion (using things
that physically breaks things apart without any enzymes)
Tongue also helps move things around
The usage of the teeth increases surface area for enzymes to act on
Important notes about: the salivary glands - correct answer Saliva (watery like
material) helps lubricate
Contains an enzyme (amylase) - which breaks down carbohydrates (starch)
Chemical digestion starts
*** a bolus is what we call the moist mass of food that is broken down
- When it gets to the stomach, it's called the chyme
salivary glands names - correct answer parotid, sublingual, and
submandibular/submaxillary glands
, Important notes about: the tongue - correct answer Once food has been
chewed and mixed with saliva in the mouth, the tongue pushes it to the back
of the mouth where it is swallowed
Pressure of tongue seals the back of the mouth and prevents bolus from
backing up.
Important notes about: the epiglottis - correct answer a flap of cartilage at the
root of the tongue, which is depressed during swallowing to cover the opening
of the windpipe.
- Closes in order to block food from entering the trachea
Important notes about: the pharynx - correct answer Passageway for both
food and air
Another name is throat
No chemical or physical digestion
Important notes about: the esophagus - correct answer A muscular tube
connecting your mouth to your stomach. The muscles are called smooth
muscle tissue and can relax wave like contractions (peristalsis)
- No digestion takes place
- Cardiac sphincter lets in food slowly
Important notes about: the stomach - correct answer The stomach has three
main functions:
- To store the swallowed food and liquid.
- To mix up the food, liquid, and digestive juices produced by the stomach.
- To slowly empty its contents into the small intestine.
Structure & Function) Question and
answers correctly solved 2025
The pancreas produces three digestive enzymes
What are they and what do they do?
Also what base does it produce, and why - correct answer Amylase breaks
down complex carbohydrates into simple carbohydrates (sugars)
trypsin breaks down proteins into amino acids
lipase breaks down fats into fatty acids and monoglycerides.
The pancreas also helps neutralize chyme by producing bicarbonate. The
bicarbonate ions help neutralize the hydrochloric acid and increase the pH in
the duodenum to a pH of 9. If the pancreas is not working properly, starvation
may occur.
The four steps of Food processing + explain each - correct answer Ingestion:
Ingestion involves taking food into the mouth, chewing it, and swallowing it.
The mouth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, and stomach are involved in
ingestion.
Digestion:
Digestion is the second stage in the process of breaking down food into
molecules small enough for the body to absorb. It involves mechanical and
chemical digestion. Mechanical digestion is the physical breakdown of large
pieces of food into smaller pieces by the action of teeth, contractions and
,churning of the stomach, or other actions. Chemical digestion is the chemical
breakdown of nutrient molecules into smaller molecules by enzyme action.
Absorption:
Absorption is the transport of the products of digestion from the digestive
system into the circulatory system, which distributes them to the rest of the
body.
Elimination:
The final step in digestion is the elimination of undigested food content and
waste products.
Important notes about: the mouth - correct answer Starts the process of
breaking down food. Teeth are involved in mechanical digestion (using things
that physically breaks things apart without any enzymes)
Tongue also helps move things around
The usage of the teeth increases surface area for enzymes to act on
Important notes about: the salivary glands - correct answer Saliva (watery like
material) helps lubricate
Contains an enzyme (amylase) - which breaks down carbohydrates (starch)
Chemical digestion starts
*** a bolus is what we call the moist mass of food that is broken down
- When it gets to the stomach, it's called the chyme
salivary glands names - correct answer parotid, sublingual, and
submandibular/submaxillary glands
, Important notes about: the tongue - correct answer Once food has been
chewed and mixed with saliva in the mouth, the tongue pushes it to the back
of the mouth where it is swallowed
Pressure of tongue seals the back of the mouth and prevents bolus from
backing up.
Important notes about: the epiglottis - correct answer a flap of cartilage at the
root of the tongue, which is depressed during swallowing to cover the opening
of the windpipe.
- Closes in order to block food from entering the trachea
Important notes about: the pharynx - correct answer Passageway for both
food and air
Another name is throat
No chemical or physical digestion
Important notes about: the esophagus - correct answer A muscular tube
connecting your mouth to your stomach. The muscles are called smooth
muscle tissue and can relax wave like contractions (peristalsis)
- No digestion takes place
- Cardiac sphincter lets in food slowly
Important notes about: the stomach - correct answer The stomach has three
main functions:
- To store the swallowed food and liquid.
- To mix up the food, liquid, and digestive juices produced by the stomach.
- To slowly empty its contents into the small intestine.
