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Clinical Crown - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔That portion of the tooth that is visible in the oral
cavity
Oral prophylaxis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The complete removal of calculus, debris, stain,
and plaque from the teeth.
DH and DDS allowed
Selective Polishing - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a procedure in which only those teeth or
surfaces with stain are polished
Purpose is to avoid unnecessary removal of even small amounts of surface enamel
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,Indications for Coronal Polishing - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Before placement of dental
sealants - Before placement of dental dam - Before cementation of orthodontic
bands - before cementation of crowns and bridges - before application of acid
etching solution (if indicated by manufacturer)
Contraindications for Coronal Polishing - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- when no stains are
present - patients who are high risk for dental caries (ex: bottle caries, root caries,
thin demineralization enamel) - sensitive teeth - newly erupted teeth B/C
mineralization of tooth surface maybe incomplete
Endogenous stains - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Stains developed from within the structure of
the tooth
Example: Excessive amount of fluoride during tooth formation, medications taken
by the mother or the child during tooth development (Tetracycline)
CANNOT be removed by polishing
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,Exogenous Stain - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔originates from sources outside the tooth and
are caused by environmental agents.
Extrinsic Stain - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔appear on the exterior of the tooth, and CAN be
removed by polishing
Examples: Food, Drink, Tobacco
Intrinsic Stain - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Caused by environmental agents but CANNOT be
removed because the stain has become incorporated into the structure of the tooth.
Examples: Amalgam tattoo, smoking, chewing, or dipping
Extrinsic Stain Examples - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔black stain, brown stain, yellow stain,
tobacco stain, green stain, dental plaque agents, food and drink, Nasmyth's
membrane
Intrinsic Stain Examples - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Pulpless teeth, Tetracycline antibiotics,
dental fluorosis, imperfect tooth development, silver amalgam
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Two methods of stain removal - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Air-powder polishing and rubber
cup polishing
Rubber cup polishing - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A technique that is used to remove plaque
and stains from the coronal surfaces of the teeth. Most common
Polishing cups - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Soft, webbed polishing cups are used to clean and
polish the smooth surfaces of the teeth.
Bristle Brushes - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔made from either natural or synthetic materials,
may be used to remove stains from deep pits and fissures of the enamel surfaces
Grasping the handpiece - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Pen grasp
fulcrum - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔provides stability for the operator and must be placed in
such a way to allow movement of the wrist and forearm.
Abrasives (cleaning and polishing agents) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔extra coarse, coarse,
medium, fine, extra fine
the coarser the agent, the greater is the abrasion to the surface
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED