PNP301 - TEST 1 (WEEKS 1-3) QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS
What is homeostasis? - Answers - the maintenance of a relatively stable internal
environment regardless of external changes
What is health defined as? - Answers - Physical, mental and social well-being
What is a disease? - Answers - Deviation from the normal state of homeostasis
What is pathophysiology? - Answers - how physiological processes are altered in
disease or injury
cause and effect
What information needs to be included in someone's medical hisotry? - Answers - -
Current and prior illnesses
- Allergies
- Hospitalizations
- Treatment
- Specific difficulties
- Any type of therapy or drugs
What is "gross level" ? - Answers - organ or system level
What is the microscopic level? - Answers - cellular level
What is a biopsy? - Answers - Excision of small amounts of living tissue
What is an autopsy? - Answers - Examination of the body and organs after death
What is a diagnosis? - Answers - identification of disease/illness/injury from evlaution
of signs and symptoms and lab tests
What is etiology? - Answers - cause of disease
What is an idiopathic cause of disease? - Answers - cause of disease is unknown
,What is an iatrogenic cause of disease? - Answers - Error in treatment/procedure that
may cause disease
What are predisposing factors? - Answers - - age
- gender
- inherited factors
- environment
What is prophylaxis? - Answers - A prophylactic is a medication or a treatment
designed and used to prevent a disease from occurring.
Examples of health prevention - Answers - Vaccinations
dietary/lifestyle modifications
prevention of potentially harmful activities etc
What is pathogenesis? - Answers - development of disease
Types of Onset of Disease (2) - Answers - - sudden (acute)
- gradual (insidious), vague or mild sings
Define acute disease - Answers - Short-term, develops quickly
ex. High fever, severe pain etc.
Define chronic disease - Answers - - Develops gradually
- Milder symptoms, often intermittent with acute episodes
What is a subclinical state? - Answers - An illness that stays "below the surface" of
clinical detection.
A subclinical disease has no or minimally recognizable clinical findings.
What is a latent state? - Answers - no symptoms or clinical signs evident
in infectious disease, incubation period
What is the prodromal period? - Answers - Early development of the disease
Signs are nonspecific or absent
What are the clinical manifestations? - Answers - signs and symptoms of disease
local = at site or problem
, systemic = general indicators of disease (fever)
What is a sign? - Answers - Objective indicators of disease
What is a symptom? - Answers - A change in body function that is felt by a patient as a
result of disease
ubjective feelings
What are diagnostic tests? - Answers - any type of medical test carried out to diagnose
a condition, disease, or illness in people who are displaying specific signs of possible
illness.
What marks the course or progress of a disease? - Answers - remission and
exacerbation
What is remission? - Answers - the period of time when a disease's symptoms are not
present
What is exacerbation? - Answers - worsening in the severity of the disease or in its
signs/symptoms
What are precipitating facotors? - Answers - condition that triggers an acute episode
What is a complication? - Answers - an unexpected event in the diseases course that
often delays the patients recovery
additional problems to primary problem
How is therapy defined? - Answers - Measures to promote recovery/slow progress
Define sequelae - Answers - a condition that is the consequence of a previous disease
or injury
What is convalescence or rehabiliation? - Answers - period of recovery and return to
healthy state
Define morbidity - Answers - disease rates within a group
Define mortality - Answers - relative number of death resulting from disease
Define epidemiology - Answers - Tracking the pattern or occurrence of disease
Alterations in Cells - Answers - Cells have mechanisms by which they can adapt their
growth and differentiation to altered conditions in the body
ANSWERS
What is homeostasis? - Answers - the maintenance of a relatively stable internal
environment regardless of external changes
What is health defined as? - Answers - Physical, mental and social well-being
What is a disease? - Answers - Deviation from the normal state of homeostasis
What is pathophysiology? - Answers - how physiological processes are altered in
disease or injury
cause and effect
What information needs to be included in someone's medical hisotry? - Answers - -
Current and prior illnesses
- Allergies
- Hospitalizations
- Treatment
- Specific difficulties
- Any type of therapy or drugs
What is "gross level" ? - Answers - organ or system level
What is the microscopic level? - Answers - cellular level
What is a biopsy? - Answers - Excision of small amounts of living tissue
What is an autopsy? - Answers - Examination of the body and organs after death
What is a diagnosis? - Answers - identification of disease/illness/injury from evlaution
of signs and symptoms and lab tests
What is etiology? - Answers - cause of disease
What is an idiopathic cause of disease? - Answers - cause of disease is unknown
,What is an iatrogenic cause of disease? - Answers - Error in treatment/procedure that
may cause disease
What are predisposing factors? - Answers - - age
- gender
- inherited factors
- environment
What is prophylaxis? - Answers - A prophylactic is a medication or a treatment
designed and used to prevent a disease from occurring.
Examples of health prevention - Answers - Vaccinations
dietary/lifestyle modifications
prevention of potentially harmful activities etc
What is pathogenesis? - Answers - development of disease
Types of Onset of Disease (2) - Answers - - sudden (acute)
- gradual (insidious), vague or mild sings
Define acute disease - Answers - Short-term, develops quickly
ex. High fever, severe pain etc.
Define chronic disease - Answers - - Develops gradually
- Milder symptoms, often intermittent with acute episodes
What is a subclinical state? - Answers - An illness that stays "below the surface" of
clinical detection.
A subclinical disease has no or minimally recognizable clinical findings.
What is a latent state? - Answers - no symptoms or clinical signs evident
in infectious disease, incubation period
What is the prodromal period? - Answers - Early development of the disease
Signs are nonspecific or absent
What are the clinical manifestations? - Answers - signs and symptoms of disease
local = at site or problem
, systemic = general indicators of disease (fever)
What is a sign? - Answers - Objective indicators of disease
What is a symptom? - Answers - A change in body function that is felt by a patient as a
result of disease
ubjective feelings
What are diagnostic tests? - Answers - any type of medical test carried out to diagnose
a condition, disease, or illness in people who are displaying specific signs of possible
illness.
What marks the course or progress of a disease? - Answers - remission and
exacerbation
What is remission? - Answers - the period of time when a disease's symptoms are not
present
What is exacerbation? - Answers - worsening in the severity of the disease or in its
signs/symptoms
What are precipitating facotors? - Answers - condition that triggers an acute episode
What is a complication? - Answers - an unexpected event in the diseases course that
often delays the patients recovery
additional problems to primary problem
How is therapy defined? - Answers - Measures to promote recovery/slow progress
Define sequelae - Answers - a condition that is the consequence of a previous disease
or injury
What is convalescence or rehabiliation? - Answers - period of recovery and return to
healthy state
Define morbidity - Answers - disease rates within a group
Define mortality - Answers - relative number of death resulting from disease
Define epidemiology - Answers - Tracking the pattern or occurrence of disease
Alterations in Cells - Answers - Cells have mechanisms by which they can adapt their
growth and differentiation to altered conditions in the body
