NR 293 Pharm-Exam 1 Study ACTUAL exam: QUESTION AND
NR 293 Pharm-Exam 1 Study
ANSWERS UPDATED 2025
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_3g3b6b
1. What are the more common categories of antibiotic Sulfonamides, peni-
types? cillins, cephalosporins,
(Mnemonic: Some People Can Make Quick Angry Tater- macrolides, quinolones,
tots) aminoglycosides, tetracy-
clines.
(Text, pg 604)
2. What are the 4 most common mechanisms of antibiot- 1). Interference with bac-
ic action? terial wall synthesis
2). Interference with pro-
tein synthesis
3). Interference with repli-
cation of nucleic acids
4). Antimetabolite action
that disrupts critical meta-
bolic reactions inside the
cell
(Text, pg 604)
3. What should be taken prior to the administration of an A culture (blood, sputum,
antibiotic if possible? wound, etc.)
-A broad spectrum antibi-
otic can then be adminis-
tered following the sample
collection (empiric thera-
py) until the culture is
grown, and can identify
the strain of bacterial in-
fection. The antibiotic can
then be switched to a dif-
ferent type that is more
specific to the treatment
, NR 293 Pharm-Exam 1 Study
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_3g3b6b
of that particular infection
strain (definitive therapy).
(PP Slide 13)
4. What is meant by the term "Empiric therapy" in regards Treatment of an infection
to antibiotic therapy? before specific culture in-
formation has been re-
ported or obtained.
(PP Slide 13)
5. What is meant by "Definitive therapy" in regards to Antibiotic therapy tailored
antibiotic therapy? to treat organism identi-
fied with cultures
(PP Slide 13)
6. What is meant by "Prophylactic therapy" in regards to Treatment with antibiotics
antibiotic treatment? to prevent an infection
such as those received be-
fore and after surgeries
and traumatic injuries.
7. What is a therapeutic response to antibiotic therapy? It means the antibiotic is
What are some indications of this? working correctly. This is
indicated by decreases in
specific s/s of the not-
ed infection (fever de-
creasing, elevated WBC
counts returning to nor-
mal levels, resolution of
redness, inflammation de-
crease, drainage cessa-
tion, pain reduction)
, NR 293 Pharm-Exam 1 Study
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_3g3b6b
8. What is a subtherapeutic response? S/S of the infection do
not improve with antibiotic
therapy
9. What is a superinfection? This can occur as a result of
an antibiotic dropping the
levels of the normal flora,
or killing them completely.
When these are killed off,
other non-normative body
flora begin to grow and
cause an infection. (Ex: a
vaginal yeast infection)
10. What is Pseudomembranous colitis? This is a type of superin-
fection that tends to have a
higher level of severity. It is
better known as Clostridi-
um Difficile, or commonly
C. Diff.
-This is brought on by
the elimination of normal
gut flora which is then re-
placed by the C.Diff bacte-
ria.
- The most common s/s is
watery foul smelling diar-
rhea occurring frequently,
fever, abdominal pain and
cramping.
11. What is a secondary infection?
NR 293 Pharm-Exam 1 Study
ANSWERS UPDATED 2025
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_3g3b6b
1. What are the more common categories of antibiotic Sulfonamides, peni-
types? cillins, cephalosporins,
(Mnemonic: Some People Can Make Quick Angry Tater- macrolides, quinolones,
tots) aminoglycosides, tetracy-
clines.
(Text, pg 604)
2. What are the 4 most common mechanisms of antibiot- 1). Interference with bac-
ic action? terial wall synthesis
2). Interference with pro-
tein synthesis
3). Interference with repli-
cation of nucleic acids
4). Antimetabolite action
that disrupts critical meta-
bolic reactions inside the
cell
(Text, pg 604)
3. What should be taken prior to the administration of an A culture (blood, sputum,
antibiotic if possible? wound, etc.)
-A broad spectrum antibi-
otic can then be adminis-
tered following the sample
collection (empiric thera-
py) until the culture is
grown, and can identify
the strain of bacterial in-
fection. The antibiotic can
then be switched to a dif-
ferent type that is more
specific to the treatment
, NR 293 Pharm-Exam 1 Study
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_3g3b6b
of that particular infection
strain (definitive therapy).
(PP Slide 13)
4. What is meant by the term "Empiric therapy" in regards Treatment of an infection
to antibiotic therapy? before specific culture in-
formation has been re-
ported or obtained.
(PP Slide 13)
5. What is meant by "Definitive therapy" in regards to Antibiotic therapy tailored
antibiotic therapy? to treat organism identi-
fied with cultures
(PP Slide 13)
6. What is meant by "Prophylactic therapy" in regards to Treatment with antibiotics
antibiotic treatment? to prevent an infection
such as those received be-
fore and after surgeries
and traumatic injuries.
7. What is a therapeutic response to antibiotic therapy? It means the antibiotic is
What are some indications of this? working correctly. This is
indicated by decreases in
specific s/s of the not-
ed infection (fever de-
creasing, elevated WBC
counts returning to nor-
mal levels, resolution of
redness, inflammation de-
crease, drainage cessa-
tion, pain reduction)
, NR 293 Pharm-Exam 1 Study
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_3g3b6b
8. What is a subtherapeutic response? S/S of the infection do
not improve with antibiotic
therapy
9. What is a superinfection? This can occur as a result of
an antibiotic dropping the
levels of the normal flora,
or killing them completely.
When these are killed off,
other non-normative body
flora begin to grow and
cause an infection. (Ex: a
vaginal yeast infection)
10. What is Pseudomembranous colitis? This is a type of superin-
fection that tends to have a
higher level of severity. It is
better known as Clostridi-
um Difficile, or commonly
C. Diff.
-This is brought on by
the elimination of normal
gut flora which is then re-
placed by the C.Diff bacte-
ria.
- The most common s/s is
watery foul smelling diar-
rhea occurring frequently,
fever, abdominal pain and
cramping.
11. What is a secondary infection?
