Machine Translated by Google
WVES Summarized from:
Rathbone, M. 2020. Understanding business & ethics in the South African
312 context.
MICHELLE: 084 061 3605
,Machine Translated by Google
INDEX
H 3 Introduction: Business and Context............................................ ................................................ .1
H 7 Ethical theories: Business ethics and corruption ........................................... ............................8
H 8 African moral theory................................................ ................................................ .........12
H 9 Business Theories ............................................... ................................................ ...................22
H 10 Ethical culture, business management and the management of ethics....................................... ....28
H 11 Strategy, trust and corporate ethics............................................. ..............................35
H 12 Business management: business ethics and CSR............................................ ........................42
H 14 Green consumption and ethics ............................................. ................................................ .........47
H 3 = LE 1.1
H 7 = LE 1.2
H 8 = LE 1.3
H 9 = LE 2.1
H 10 = LE 2.2
H 11 = LE 2.3
H 12 = LE 3.1
H 14 = LE 3.2
,Machine Translated by Google
© COPYRIGHT - M.T. OTTO 084 061 3605 WVES 312
03 Introduction: Business and context
LEARNING OUTCOMES
•
To know and be able to examine some contemporary ethical dimensions of understanding
• To know and understand the relevance of these ethical dimensions for business ethics
•
To be able to analyze a case study on the basis of the five ethical dimensions of understanding
Existentialism Philosophical thinking that focuses on individual freedom, the creation of
meaning, and purpose.
Individual freedom is when the individual is entitled and true to his/her purpose
Freedom
and creating meaning.
A process where the individual creates a framework of understanding that provides the
Create meaning
purpose and direction of life.
It reflects the person's ability to exist in good faith according to the person's creation of
Liability
meaning and not according to the prescription of circumstances and society. A situation
(authenticity)
where an individual does not function according
to his/her personal purpose and meaning.
Bad faith
Responsibility It notes that individual behavior should not have a negative impact on the
freedom of other people in society.
The personal interpretation process requires a report from the agents involved
Liability
due to the inevitable impact that the creation has on others.
The societal interest must be inclusive by recognizing all citizens and not
Recognition excluding members of society due to marginalization and/or silence through
social, political or other mechanisms.
Members of society are connected and understanding is a collective activity where the
Interconnection individual is influenced by society or a complex network of understanding.
Creating meaning is not only a matter of interconnection, but also context.
Physicality Interpretation takes place in the world even if it is not deterministic, because
the individual remains free to construct meaning.
Dialogue An open and inclusive understanding of meaning making.
The principle that promotes a free and fair creation of meaning for all members
Justice
of society without coercion and/or harm.
1. Introduction
• The understanding of business ethics has consequences on different levels, namely personal or collective.
• Personal: a person or worker is the subject of meaning creation, e.g. I understand that business makes
money and so I do business in a way that supports this outcome.
• Working for or managing a business is part of the process of creating meaning for the worker.
• It is at the same time a collective and contextual activity because we live in a particular geographical space,
community and culture, where everyone has an influence on the way we do business and how we behave
in the workplace.
• E.g. if I earn money and I am guided to support this goal at the expense of the environment in an
environmentally conscious society, I may face problems because consumers will not support my business
due to a conflict of values.
•
An organization cannot be considered a creator of meaning because the organization itself cannot
interpret. There are 5 ethical dimensions to understanding a business.
1|Page
, Machine Translated by Google
© COPYRIGHT - M.T. OTTO 084 061 3605 WVES 312
2. Understand ethics and business
A. To understand and my existence
• The existential aspect of understanding emphasizes free and purposeful individuals as the main focus of the creation of
meaning.
• These activities form part of an individual's existence and are therefore part of the sphere of
meaning making, e.g. a job can enhance the existence of an individual and/or impair it.
i. What is Existentialism?
• It is an influential philosophical movement that can be traced back to the 19th century and is
represented by the work of thinkers such as Søren Kierkegaard and Friedrich Nietzsche.
• Martin Heidegger and Jean-Paul Sartre, philosophers of the 2nd century, focus among other things on the freedom
of the individual to create meaning. The implication is that there are no fixed rules, ideas or circumstances that
determine how we should live or behave.
•
A person is responsible for living authentically by taking responsibility for his or her existence. Otherwise, other
people or society determines what must be done (bad faith).
• When we live authentically, we must take full responsibility for our way of behaving
take.
• Although we are free, existentialism recognizes that external factors such as culture, society, material reality, etc.
can affect our existence (fact).
• This does not mean that we are determined by circumstances, we are responsible for dealing with the
circumstances we were born into and living authentically within those circumstances to make the best of our
lives.
•
In Germany, philosopher Martin Heidegger's work “Being and Time (1927/1962)” was one of the most influential
works focusing on the human capacity to live and discover authentic beings.
• This involves raising awareness of life itself (the fact that we live) and the responsibility to be present and discover
why we exist within the boundaries of a particular time and space.
• Heidegger's work has the French philosopher, Jean-Paul Sartre's work “Being and Nothingness
(1943/1956)” influenced.
• The focus of Sartre was especially on free will rather than on the essence of existence itself.
According to Sartre, we are born free and express our freedom throughout our lives, while Heidegger focused
on discovering the essence of our existence within a particular geographical space.
• We are doomed to freedom (Sartre) and therefore a great responsibility is placed on the individual to be authentic.
Although we are completely free, we are also influenced by external factors, wealth and poverty.
2|Page
WVES Summarized from:
Rathbone, M. 2020. Understanding business & ethics in the South African
312 context.
MICHELLE: 084 061 3605
,Machine Translated by Google
INDEX
H 3 Introduction: Business and Context............................................ ................................................ .1
H 7 Ethical theories: Business ethics and corruption ........................................... ............................8
H 8 African moral theory................................................ ................................................ .........12
H 9 Business Theories ............................................... ................................................ ...................22
H 10 Ethical culture, business management and the management of ethics....................................... ....28
H 11 Strategy, trust and corporate ethics............................................. ..............................35
H 12 Business management: business ethics and CSR............................................ ........................42
H 14 Green consumption and ethics ............................................. ................................................ .........47
H 3 = LE 1.1
H 7 = LE 1.2
H 8 = LE 1.3
H 9 = LE 2.1
H 10 = LE 2.2
H 11 = LE 2.3
H 12 = LE 3.1
H 14 = LE 3.2
,Machine Translated by Google
© COPYRIGHT - M.T. OTTO 084 061 3605 WVES 312
03 Introduction: Business and context
LEARNING OUTCOMES
•
To know and be able to examine some contemporary ethical dimensions of understanding
• To know and understand the relevance of these ethical dimensions for business ethics
•
To be able to analyze a case study on the basis of the five ethical dimensions of understanding
Existentialism Philosophical thinking that focuses on individual freedom, the creation of
meaning, and purpose.
Individual freedom is when the individual is entitled and true to his/her purpose
Freedom
and creating meaning.
A process where the individual creates a framework of understanding that provides the
Create meaning
purpose and direction of life.
It reflects the person's ability to exist in good faith according to the person's creation of
Liability
meaning and not according to the prescription of circumstances and society. A situation
(authenticity)
where an individual does not function according
to his/her personal purpose and meaning.
Bad faith
Responsibility It notes that individual behavior should not have a negative impact on the
freedom of other people in society.
The personal interpretation process requires a report from the agents involved
Liability
due to the inevitable impact that the creation has on others.
The societal interest must be inclusive by recognizing all citizens and not
Recognition excluding members of society due to marginalization and/or silence through
social, political or other mechanisms.
Members of society are connected and understanding is a collective activity where the
Interconnection individual is influenced by society or a complex network of understanding.
Creating meaning is not only a matter of interconnection, but also context.
Physicality Interpretation takes place in the world even if it is not deterministic, because
the individual remains free to construct meaning.
Dialogue An open and inclusive understanding of meaning making.
The principle that promotes a free and fair creation of meaning for all members
Justice
of society without coercion and/or harm.
1. Introduction
• The understanding of business ethics has consequences on different levels, namely personal or collective.
• Personal: a person or worker is the subject of meaning creation, e.g. I understand that business makes
money and so I do business in a way that supports this outcome.
• Working for or managing a business is part of the process of creating meaning for the worker.
• It is at the same time a collective and contextual activity because we live in a particular geographical space,
community and culture, where everyone has an influence on the way we do business and how we behave
in the workplace.
• E.g. if I earn money and I am guided to support this goal at the expense of the environment in an
environmentally conscious society, I may face problems because consumers will not support my business
due to a conflict of values.
•
An organization cannot be considered a creator of meaning because the organization itself cannot
interpret. There are 5 ethical dimensions to understanding a business.
1|Page
, Machine Translated by Google
© COPYRIGHT - M.T. OTTO 084 061 3605 WVES 312
2. Understand ethics and business
A. To understand and my existence
• The existential aspect of understanding emphasizes free and purposeful individuals as the main focus of the creation of
meaning.
• These activities form part of an individual's existence and are therefore part of the sphere of
meaning making, e.g. a job can enhance the existence of an individual and/or impair it.
i. What is Existentialism?
• It is an influential philosophical movement that can be traced back to the 19th century and is
represented by the work of thinkers such as Søren Kierkegaard and Friedrich Nietzsche.
• Martin Heidegger and Jean-Paul Sartre, philosophers of the 2nd century, focus among other things on the freedom
of the individual to create meaning. The implication is that there are no fixed rules, ideas or circumstances that
determine how we should live or behave.
•
A person is responsible for living authentically by taking responsibility for his or her existence. Otherwise, other
people or society determines what must be done (bad faith).
• When we live authentically, we must take full responsibility for our way of behaving
take.
• Although we are free, existentialism recognizes that external factors such as culture, society, material reality, etc.
can affect our existence (fact).
• This does not mean that we are determined by circumstances, we are responsible for dealing with the
circumstances we were born into and living authentically within those circumstances to make the best of our
lives.
•
In Germany, philosopher Martin Heidegger's work “Being and Time (1927/1962)” was one of the most influential
works focusing on the human capacity to live and discover authentic beings.
• This involves raising awareness of life itself (the fact that we live) and the responsibility to be present and discover
why we exist within the boundaries of a particular time and space.
• Heidegger's work has the French philosopher, Jean-Paul Sartre's work “Being and Nothingness
(1943/1956)” influenced.
• The focus of Sartre was especially on free will rather than on the essence of existence itself.
According to Sartre, we are born free and express our freedom throughout our lives, while Heidegger focused
on discovering the essence of our existence within a particular geographical space.
• We are doomed to freedom (Sartre) and therefore a great responsibility is placed on the individual to be authentic.
Although we are completely free, we are also influenced by external factors, wealth and poverty.
2|Page
