MSN 570 Advanced Pathophysiology Final Exam LATEST (2025)
MSN 570 Advanced Pathophysiology
COMPLETE QUESTIONS With 100% Verified Solutions,
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1. Nephrotic syn- characterized by massive proteinuria caused by glomerular damage. corticos-
drome teroids are the mainstay; Associated with glomerulonephritis and with an immune
response that is noninflammatory.
2. Glomerular In- Lesions that involve all or most (> 50%) of the glomeruli (plural) are termed
jury: Diffuse and diffuse, and lesions that involve some (< 50%) of the glomeruli are termed focal
Focal (e.g., focal segmental glomerulonephritis).
3. Glomerular in- When a whole glomerulus (singular) is affected, the lesion is termed global, and
jury: Global and the lesion is considered segmental if only a portion (< 50%) of the glomerulus is
Segmental affected.
4. Glomerulonephri- An inflammatory disorder of the glomeruli, and most forms occur as a result of
tis activation of immune mechanisms.
5. Nephritic syn- Associated with glomerulonephritis and an immune response that is inflammato-
drome ry. A key feature is the passage of leukocytes, red blood cells, and plasma proteins
which occur as a result of inflammation.
1.) LIMITED proteinuria 2.) Oliguria and Azotemia 3.) Salt retention -- periorbital
edema and hypertension(salt/fluid retention) 4.) RBC casts and dysmorphic RBCs
in urine-- Immune Complex deposition activated Complement; C5a attracts neu-
trophils which mediate the damage
6. Proliferative refers to an increase in glomerular cells (e.g., mesangial, endothelial, basement
structural membrane). In the extra capillary space, this forms specific lesions that are termed
(histologic) crescents, which are made of macrophages, fibroblasts, and other cells. These
descriptor crescent cells accumulate in the Bowman space and represent a rupture of the
capsule.
7. sclerosing struc- refers to glomerular scar formation, and when the scarring is between the
tural (histologic) glomerulus and tubules, it is referred to as interstitial fibrosis.
descriptor
, MSN 570 Advanced Pathophysiology
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8. necrotizing struc- refers to cellular death.
tural (histologic)
descriptor
9. Benign prosta- A common, nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate gland that occurs as men
tic hyperplasia age, usually appearing by age 50.
(BPH)
Also called be-
nign prostatic hy-
pertrophy
10. Bladder cancer cancerous tumor that arises from the cells lining the bladder; major sign is
hematuria
11. Diagnostic pro- History
cedures for hy- physical examination
dronephrosis urinalysis
renal ultrasound
CT
intravenous pyelogram
MRI.
12. Hydronephrosis An abnormal dilation of the renal pelvis and the calyces of one or both kidneys
that occurs secondary to a disease.
13. Polycystic kidney inherited disease in which sacs of fluid called cysts develop in the kidneys
disease (PKD)
14. Renal cell carci- cancerous tumor that arises from kidney tubule cells; most frequently occurring
noma kidney cancer in adults (most common in those 50-70 years of age).
15. Hematuria
An abdominal renal mass that is firm
MSN 570 Advanced Pathophysiology
COMPLETE QUESTIONS With 100% Verified Solutions,
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hhg9yw
1. Nephrotic syn- characterized by massive proteinuria caused by glomerular damage. corticos-
drome teroids are the mainstay; Associated with glomerulonephritis and with an immune
response that is noninflammatory.
2. Glomerular In- Lesions that involve all or most (> 50%) of the glomeruli (plural) are termed
jury: Diffuse and diffuse, and lesions that involve some (< 50%) of the glomeruli are termed focal
Focal (e.g., focal segmental glomerulonephritis).
3. Glomerular in- When a whole glomerulus (singular) is affected, the lesion is termed global, and
jury: Global and the lesion is considered segmental if only a portion (< 50%) of the glomerulus is
Segmental affected.
4. Glomerulonephri- An inflammatory disorder of the glomeruli, and most forms occur as a result of
tis activation of immune mechanisms.
5. Nephritic syn- Associated with glomerulonephritis and an immune response that is inflammato-
drome ry. A key feature is the passage of leukocytes, red blood cells, and plasma proteins
which occur as a result of inflammation.
1.) LIMITED proteinuria 2.) Oliguria and Azotemia 3.) Salt retention -- periorbital
edema and hypertension(salt/fluid retention) 4.) RBC casts and dysmorphic RBCs
in urine-- Immune Complex deposition activated Complement; C5a attracts neu-
trophils which mediate the damage
6. Proliferative refers to an increase in glomerular cells (e.g., mesangial, endothelial, basement
structural membrane). In the extra capillary space, this forms specific lesions that are termed
(histologic) crescents, which are made of macrophages, fibroblasts, and other cells. These
descriptor crescent cells accumulate in the Bowman space and represent a rupture of the
capsule.
7. sclerosing struc- refers to glomerular scar formation, and when the scarring is between the
tural (histologic) glomerulus and tubules, it is referred to as interstitial fibrosis.
descriptor
, MSN 570 Advanced Pathophysiology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hhg9yw
8. necrotizing struc- refers to cellular death.
tural (histologic)
descriptor
9. Benign prosta- A common, nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate gland that occurs as men
tic hyperplasia age, usually appearing by age 50.
(BPH)
Also called be-
nign prostatic hy-
pertrophy
10. Bladder cancer cancerous tumor that arises from the cells lining the bladder; major sign is
hematuria
11. Diagnostic pro- History
cedures for hy- physical examination
dronephrosis urinalysis
renal ultrasound
CT
intravenous pyelogram
MRI.
12. Hydronephrosis An abnormal dilation of the renal pelvis and the calyces of one or both kidneys
that occurs secondary to a disease.
13. Polycystic kidney inherited disease in which sacs of fluid called cysts develop in the kidneys
disease (PKD)
14. Renal cell carci- cancerous tumor that arises from kidney tubule cells; most frequently occurring
noma kidney cancer in adults (most common in those 50-70 years of age).
15. Hematuria
An abdominal renal mass that is firm
